scholarly journals ABOUT A TECHNIQUE OF DIMINISHING NEGATIVE EFFECT OF LIMESTONE TEMPER IN POTTERY

Author(s):  
О.А. Лопатина

Статья посвящена исследованию приема закаливания глиняных сосудов, известного по этнографическим данным. Для закаливания изделия, достигшие температуры 800–850 °С, вынимались из обжигательного устройства и сразу помещались в емкость с водой. Считается, что в результате этой операции сосуды приобретали дополнительную прочность. При закаливании керамики с примесью известняка происходит частичное вымывание СаО, который образуется во время обжига. За счет этого уменьшается вредное воздействие примеси известняка, ведущее к образованию «выколов» на стенках сосуда. С помощью серии экспериментов автор исследовал возможности фиксации случаев использования приема закаливания по археологической керамике с примесью известняка. Выявлены признаки, возникающие при этом в изломах и на поверхностях керамических образцов. Подтверждено ослабление разрушающего действия карбонатов в результате использования приема закаливания сосудов, особенно при размере частиц известняка менее 2,0 мм. Тем не менее однозначно связывать выявленные признаки только с приемом закаливания пока преждевременно. Institute of Archaeology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia The article is dedicated to a technique of scalding clay vessels known from ethnographical data. To this end vessels after reaching the temperature of glowing red heat were taken out of firing device and immediately placed in a recipient with cold water. As a result of this procedure the vessels gained extra hardness. In the process of scalding pottery with limestone temper CaO which forms during the firing is partly removed. This diminishes the negative effect of limestone temper which leads to formation of “chips” on the vessel walls. The author researches through a series of experiments the possibility of detecting cases in which the technique of scalding archaeological pottery with limestone temper is used. The signs have been detected which appear in the process of scalding in fractures and on the surface of pottery samples. The diminishing destructive effect of carbonates as a result of pottery scalding especially when particles of limestone were smaller than 2mm has been confirmed. Nevertheless it’s premature to associate the detected signs only with the technique of scalding.

2011 ◽  
pp. 151-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Varshavsky

The article considers current problems of Russia´s science. Special attention is paid to external factors that negatively influence its effectiveness including considerable lag in public management sector. The issues of opposing higher education sector to the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) are also discussed. A number of indicators of the Russian science and its academic sector effectiveness are presented. The expediency of comparing scientific results with R&D expenditures is shown. The problems connected with using bibliometric methods are discussed. Special attention is paid to the necessity of preserving and further developing Russian science including RAS.


2001 ◽  
Vol 171 (8) ◽  
pp. 855
Author(s):  
Viktor M. Ustinov ◽  
N.A. Maleev ◽  
Aleksei E. Zhukov ◽  
A.R. Kovsh ◽  
A.V. Sakharov ◽  
...  

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