scholarly journals Prevalence of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders Among Dental Patients in A Private Institution

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL3) ◽  
pp. 1309-1315
Author(s):  
Nor Masitah Mohamed Shukri ◽  
Santhosh Kumar M P ◽  
Arthi Balasubramaniam
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Temporomandibular Disorders ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint Disorders ◽  
Dental Patients ◽  
Gum Chewing ◽  
Temporomandibular Joints ◽  
Age And Gender Differences ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
And Gender

Temporomandibular joints (TMJ) are the bilateral synovial articulation between temporal bone and lower jaw, seen on each side of the jaws. Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) can be defined as the tenderness of the jaws and dysfunction of the associated muscles of mastication and the temporomandibular joints, which connect the mandible to the skull. The exact cause of TMD still remains mysterious and unclear. However, the possible attributes of TMD are arthritis, trauma or blow to the TMJ, excessive gum chewing and bruxism. Patients are usually treated with ice packs, gentle massage at the jaw area and prescription of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). This study sought to evaluate the incidence rate, age and gender differences of TMD among patients reporting to Saveetha Dental College and Hospital. The following parameters were evaluated based on the dental records; age, gender and types of TMD. Excel tabulation and SPSS version 23 was used for data analysis. The prevalence of temporomandibular disorders was higher in female patients (51.9%) than male patients (48.1%). The most frequent age group affected by temporomandibular disorders was 31-40 years (36.7%). Disc-condyle disorder (75.9%) is the most frequent sub-type of temporomandibular disorders present in the patients. There was no statistically significant correlation between age and TMD (p=0.847); and gender and TMD (p=0.365). It can be concluded that within the limits of study, TMD was present in adulthood and was more common in women, with disc-condyle disorder being the most prevalent type.

scholarly journals A Morphometric Analysis of Intra-articular Disc of Temporomandibular Joints in Cadavers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pratik Ashokkumar Agrawal ◽  
Navin S Shah ◽  
Ramnarayan A Gandotra ◽  
Karan Vasantray Panchal ◽  
Rishabh Navin Shah
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Anatomic Variation ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint Disorders ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Articular Disc ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Temporomandibular Joints ◽  
Human Cadavers

Introduction: Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) has been a controversial topic in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery speciality especially regarding temporomandibular joint disorders and internal derangement of articular disc. The aetiology behind it has been related to the anatomic variations of the disc and its impact on the functioning of the articular disc. To understand such anatomic variation, the study has been conducted that will help future maxillofacial surgeon’s in designing accurate prosthetic articular disc that will improve the overall mechanics of the functioning of the prosthetic disc. Aim: To analyse the morphometric variations of the intra-articular disc in terms of circumference of the disc, perforations and their thickness within the disc in cadavers. Materials and Methods: The present observational study was carried out on cadavers in the Department of Anatomy. SBKS Medical College and Research Centre, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth University, Gujarat, India. The study was done from January 2017 to October 2018. Temporomandibular joints were dissected bilaterally from 10 human cadavers, i.e., 20 articular discs. The disc was removed and was measured with the help of thread, vernier callipers and standardised metallic scale and the circumference and thickness in the disc were evaluated. Descriptive statistical test was used and Chi-square test was applied. Results: Mean thickness of disc, both in males as well as females ranged from 1.4-2.0 mm in the Posterio-Medial (PM) and Posterio- Lateral (PL) region, while in Anterio-Medial (AM) and Anterio- Lateral (AL) region it ranged from 1.6-1.8 mm. Maximum length of disc ranged from 12-13 mm in anterio-posterio dimension while in Medio-Lateral (ML) it was 22-23 mm. Conclusion: The study gives an indepth knowledge about the various morphometric variations of articular disc and also shows its impact on the functioning of the disc. The study also directs maxillofacial surgeons to design prosthetic articular disc with greater accuracy and anatomical knowledge so that the procedures like surgical replacement of the disc can be carried out with greater potency and efficacy for the betterment of the patient.

Etiology and management of disorders of temporomandibular joint: A literarure review

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-105
Author(s):  
Lalita Sheoran ◽  
Monika Sehrawat ◽  
Neha Nandal ◽  
Divya Sharma ◽  
Dania Fatima
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Temporomandibular Disorders ◽  
Treatment Modality ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint Disorders ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Unique Nature ◽  
Morphological Deformities ◽  
Muscles Of Mastication

Temporomandibular disorders usually represented as a group of painful as well as altered conditions involving the muscles of mastication and the muscles around the temporomandibular joint. Usually the patient are un aware of the condition. Temporomandibular joint disorders affects twenty five percent of the population. Temporomandibular disorders represent with musculoskeletal degenerative conditions of the joint which results in functional as well as morphological deformities of the temporomandibular joint. As temporomandibular disorders cases are complex with unique nature with respect to each case, so the diagnosis and treatment modality is quite different for each type of case.

Prevalence of Sign and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders in Pakistani Population at Sheikhupura, Lahore: A Gender comparison

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 2166-2168
Author(s):  
Ashfaq-ur- Rahim ◽  
Muhammad Nauman ◽  
Sadiq Ali ◽  
Saima Ihsan ◽  
Tannaza Qayyum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Temporomandibular Disorders ◽  
Orofacial Pain ◽  
Temporomandibular Disorder ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint Disorders ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Pakistani Population ◽  
Female Predominance ◽  
History Of

Background: Temporomandibular disorders have been considered as a common orofacial pain condition. The term temporomandibular pain dysfunction (TMPD) is used synonymously with myofacial pain dysfunction disorder/syndrome, temporomandibular disorder, craniomandibular disorder and many other terms. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of signs and symptoms of temporo-mandibular joint disorder (TMD). Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study Place and Duration of Study: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faryal Dental College, Sheikhupura , Lahore, Pakistan from 1st February 2019 to 31st May 2021. Methodology: One hundred adolescents aged 15 to 60 years were enrolled. A detailed history about the chief complaint was taken and clinical examination was done. Temporomandibular joint examination performed included Auscultation for temporomandibular joint sounds like clicking and crepitus and palpation of both TMJs and associated muscles for evaluation of pain. Results: The most common signs of temporomandibular joint disorders were temporomandibular joint pain 78%, temporomandibular joint clicking 53% and trismus 29%. The most prevalent predisposing factors of temporomandibular joint disorders were parafunctional habits 40%, unknown factors 23% and history of road traffic accident/history of difficult extractions 9%. Male to female ratio showed female predominance (P = 0.001). Conclusion: Signs and symptoms of temporomandibular joint disorders were prevalent in Pakistani population with a clear female predominance. Key words: Temporomandibular disorders, Temporomandibular joint, Orofacial pain, Bruxism, Headache, Pain

Sensitivity and specificity of different indexes used to diagnose Temporomandibular Disorders

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 403
Author(s):  
Isabelle Sousa Dantas ◽  
Jairo Matozinho Cordeiro ◽  
Mariana Barbosa Câmara-Souza ◽  
Camila Maria Bastos Machado De Resende ◽  
Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli da Costa Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Temporomandibular Disorders ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint Disorders ◽  
Moderate Correlation ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Level Of Agreement

<p><strong>Objective:</strong> To verify the level of agreement among different indexes used to achieve the prevalence of Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD). <strong>Material and Methods</strong>: One hundred one dental students were selected by a randomized process. TMD were evaluated by the Fonseca’s Anamnestic Index (FAI), Helkimo’s Clinical Index (HCI), and the Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD (RDC/TMD). Data was analyzed using Chi-square and Kappa tests, considering a significance level of 5%. <strong>Results:</strong><em> </em>HCI showed the highest prevalence of TMD, and the comparison between RDC/TMD, FAI, and HCI showed low agreement (k=0.17 and k=0.35 respectively). Most individuals presented mild TMD for both FAI and HCI indexes. A moderate correlation for TMD severity was obtained (k<sub>w</sub>=0.53) between FAI and HCI, and a high sensitivity and low specificity were observed for both diagnosis when compared to RDC/TMD. <strong>Conclusion</strong><em>:</em> The prevalence of TMD may vary significantly depending on the index used for its diagnosis, which may lead to a large number of false positives and overtreatments.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>Epidemiology; Prevalence; Temporomandibular joint; Temporomandibular joint disorders; Young adult.</p>

Parafunctions, signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) among adolescents 14 to 15 years of age

2016 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 712-724
Author(s):  
Magdalena Urban ◽  
Kladia Suligowska ◽  
Anna Wytrykowska ◽  
Maria Prośba-Mackiewicz ◽  
Tomasz Zdrojewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Disorders ◽  
Muscle Tone ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint Disorders ◽  
Open Bite ◽  
Mobility Models ◽  
Muscle Response ◽  
Gum Chewing ◽  
Stomatognathic System ◽  
Mandibular Mobility

Introduction. Temporomandibular Joint Disorders (TMD) increasingly affect not only adults but also adolescents. Parafunctions are cited as the most common cause of TMD. Aim of the study. To determine the prevalence of oral parafunctions, signs and symptoms of TMD among adolescents. Methods. The study was performed as a part of an early detection of risk factors for civilization diseases program – SOPKARD1 in 96 children aged 14-15 years. Each participant filled in a questionnaire regarding their oral habits and symptoms of TMD and underwent physical examination of the muscles and temporomadibular joints. The analysis of the mandible mobility models was also made. Results. Leaning one’s chin on the hand (73.68%), lip biting (58.33%) and intensive gum chewing (51.04%) were the most common habits among the study group. Persistence of an infantile swallow pattern was observed in over one-fifth of patients (20.83%). The most common signs were teeth impressions on tongue and cheeks (53.13%), increased muscle tone (57.29%) and dysfunctions in mandibular mobility (53.13%). Most subjects (92.71%) manifested at least one sign or symptom, whereas 46.88% two or three. A statistically significant association was found between chewing gum and muscle response, as well as infantile swallow pattern and open bite and muscle response. Conclusions. Most adolescent aged 14-15 were subject to some parafunctional habits. There is a requirement to introduce an educational program in schools in order to present the destructive consequences of parafunctions on the stomatognathic system health and the possibility of prevention or treatment.

scholarly journals The use of superficial heat for treatment of temporomandibular disorders: an integrative review

CoDAS ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Maria Moreira Moraes Furlan ◽  
Raquel Safar Giovanardi ◽  
Ana Teresa Brandão de Oliveira e Britto ◽  
Denise Brandão de Oliveira e Britto
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Temporomandibular Disorders ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Muscle Tension ◽  
Mouth Opening ◽  
Stimulus Frequency ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint Disorders ◽  
Integrative Review ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome

Purpose: To perform an integrative review of scientific bibliographic production on the use of superficial heat treatment for temporomandibular disorders. Research strategy : Literature review was accomplished on PubMed, LiLACS, SciELO, Bireme, Web of Science, and BBO databases. The following descriptors were used: hot temperature, hyperthermia induced, heat transference, temporomandibular joint, temporomandibular joint disorders, temporomandibular joint dysfunction syndrome, and their equivalents in Portuguese and Spanish. Selection criteria : Articles that addressed the superficial heat for the treatment of temporomandibular disorders, published in English, Spanish, or Portuguese, between 1980 and 2013. Data analysis : The following data were collected: technique of applying superficial heat, duration of application, stimulated body area, temperature of the stimulus, frequency of application, and benefits. Results : initially, 211 studies were found, but just 13 contemplated the proposed selection criteria. Data were tabulated and presented in chronological order. Conclusion: Several techniques for superficial heat application on treatment of temporomandibular disorders were found in the literature. The moist heat was the most widely used technique. Many studies suggested the application of heat for at least 20 minutes once a day. Most authors recommended the application of heat in facial and cervical regions. The heat treatment resulted in significant relief of pain, reduced muscle tension, improved function of the mandible, and increased mouth opening.

scholarly journals Prevalence of temporomandibular dysfunction in children and adolescents

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 538-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Fernandes de Sena ◽  
Késsia Suênia F. de Mesquita ◽  
Fernanda Regina R. Santos ◽  
Francisco Wanderley G. P. Silva ◽  
Kranya Victoria D. Serrano
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Temporomandibular Disorders ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint Disorders ◽  
Sample Size Determination ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome

OBJECTIVE: To review the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in children and adolescents, verifying the methodological variations. DATA SOURCES: Research conducted in Medline, PubMed, Lilacs and BBO databases, including manuscripts (except reviews and case reports) published from 1990 to 2012. The descriptors were "temporomandibular joint syndrome", "temporomandibular joint dysfunction syndrome", "temporomandibular joint disorders", "prevalence studies", and "cross-sectional studies"; the words "dysfunction", "disorder", "temporomandibular", "children", "adolescents", "prevalence", "frequency", and "transversal" were used. DATA SYNTHESIS: Seventeen articles were selected, and the TMD frequency varied from 16 to 68%. Regarding the methodological criteria, only three articles (18%) reported sample size determination, three (18%) clearly described the sample selection process by stratified selection technique, and nine studies (53%) carried out the calibration of the examiners. The diagnostic criteria used in the studies were: Helkimo index (n=2; 12%), Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD) (n=4; 24%), the jaw index (n=1; 6%), clinical protocols (n=10; 59%), and anamnestic questionnaires (n=6; 35%). CONCLUSIONS: The TMD prevalence in children and adolescents varies in the literature. Appropriate and standardized methods are needed to identify, with greater validity, the presence of TMD in this population, allowing a better understanding of the pathological aspects in order to address more effective preventive and therapeutic procedures.

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