scholarly journals EVALUATION OF THE PHYSICO-CHEMICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF AN EXPOSED SOIL PROFILE IN AN EXCAVATED ACRISOL, SOUTHEAST NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-136
Author(s):  
Nnabude, P.C. ◽  
Onunwa, A.O. ◽  
Ijeoma, E.O. ◽  
Madueke, C.O.
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Land Capability ◽  
Anambra State ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Natural Land ◽  
Land Use And Management ◽  
Management Recommendations

Increased population density has led to a lot of pressure on the limited natural/land resources of south-eastern Nigeria. This includes the need for laterite, sand, kaolin, gravel and clay for buildings, backfills and road construction. This has led to extensive unmoderated excavation of these resources, particularly in Anambra state. The excavation has in turns, culminated in increased intensity of land degradation in the state, underscoring the need to characterize and evaluate the land use potentials of such sites to better understand the nature of the soils and the impacts of the attendant land use. Samples were collected from the different horizons of the profile to evaluate the physical, chemical and morphological properties of the soils. Coefficient of variation was used to measure the soil variability within the profile. Land capability class was determined, which informed the land use and management recommendations. The results show that the soil is very deep (>21.5m). The soil texture ranged from sandy clay loam to sandy. Infiltration rate and saturated hydraulic conductivity decreased by up to 300 to 560 % with excavation. The soils were strongly acidic; organic carbon and total nitrogen was low but highly variable; Al, H, Ca, Mg, K, Na, and phosphorus were moderately variable while pH, CEC and base saturation (BS) were the least variable. The land capability class was IIIes. Given the evidence of erosion and preponderance of erodible Nanka sands in the subsoil, the site should be reclaimed as soon as the mining activities are discontinued.

scholarly journals Comparison of uncertainties in land-use change fluxes from bookkeeping model parameterization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Bastos ◽  
Kerstin Hartung ◽  
Tobias B. Nützel ◽  
Julia E. M. S. Nabel ◽  
Richard A. Houghton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Carbon Budget ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Global Carbon Budget ◽  
Model Parameterization ◽  
Natural Land ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Land Use And Management ◽  
Carbon Losses

Abstract. Fluxes from deforestation, changes in land-cover, land-use and management practices (FLUC for simplicity) contributed to circa 14 % of anthropogenic CO2 emissions in 2009–2018. Estimating FLUC accurately in space and in time remains, however, challenging, due to multiple sources of uncertainty in the calculation of these fluxes. This uncertainty, in turn, is propagated to global and regional carbon budget estimates, hindering the compilation of a consistent carbon budget and preventing us from constraining other terms, such as the natural land sink. Uncertainties in FLUC estimates arise from many different sources, including differences in model structure (e.g., process- based vs. bookkeeping) and model parameterization. Quantifying the uncertainties from each source requires controlled simulations to separate their effects. Here we analyze differences between the two bookkeeping models used regularly in the global carbon budget estimates since 2017: the model by Hansis et al. (Hansis et al., 2015) (BLUE) and that by Houghton and Nassikas (Houghton and Nassikas, 2017) (HN2017). The two models have a very similar structure and philosophy, but differ significantly both with respect to FLUC intensity and spatio-temporal variability. This is due to differences in the land-use forcing, but also in the model parameterization. We find that the larger emissions in BLUE compared to HN2017 are largely due to differences in C densities between natural and managed vegetation or primary and secondary vegetation, and higher allocation of cleared and harvested material to fast turnover pools in BLUE than in HN2017. Beside parameterization and the use of different forcing, other model assumptions cause differences, in particular that BLUE represents gross transitions which leads to overall higher carbon losses that are also more quickly realized than HN2017.

scholarly journals Soil Mechanical Composition and Texture as Indices for On-site and Field Precise Choice of Land Use Type to Adopt

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-43
Author(s):  
M. O. Eyong ◽  
K. I. Ofem
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Clayey Soils ◽  
Management Decisions ◽  
Subsistence Farmers ◽  
Mutual Adaptation ◽  
Land Use And Management

The soils of Agoi-Ibami in central Cross River State of Nigeria were evaluated for their mechanical and textural compositions in the field. The objective was to present to small scale, subsistence farmers, with limited access to external farm-inputs for time consuming and expensive laboratory analysis, soil data for on-site and field land use and management decisions. Three profile pits were sunk, along three well defined and selected toposequences, on three landscape elements of crest, middleslope and valley bottom in three land use types of forest (FS), rubber (RS), and arable (AS). Relevant environmental properties were inventorized and the profiles described in the moist state. Their textures were determined by the feel method in the field among other morphological properties. The field investigation showed the soils to be predominatly loamy soils. After the field investigation, soil samples were collected from the morphogenetic horizons for determination of their mechanical composition in the laboratory to supplement the field investigation. Their loamy textures and mechanical composition inferred from their loamy texture impact unique physical and chemical properties like good water holding capacity, good drainage, fertile and productive soils and good for irrigation. Loamy soils exhibit properties intermediate between sandy and clayey soils. Loamy soils are considered best for agricultural production because they hold more water and nutrients than sandy soils and have better drainage, aeration and tillage properties than clayey soils. They have slight plastic and sticky workable properties ideal for crop growth and crop productivity. Therefore knowing the texture of soils and their mechanical composition in the field their properties can be inferred and land use and management decisions can be taken on-site without recourse to expensive and time consuming laboratory analyses which are beyond the capacity of resource poor small-scale and subsistence farmers in developing countries and or sub-Saharan Africa. The land use and management decisions are taken after mutual adaptation and adjustments of the description of the land use and the increasingly known soil qualities in the field.

scholarly journals Soil Characterization and Classification in an Upland of Southern Guinea Savannah Zone of Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.S. Babalola ◽  
K.S. Ogunleye ◽  
O.J. Omoju ◽  
U.C. Osakwe ◽  
A.O.A. Ilori
Keyword(s):  
Soil Formation ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Sustainable Land Use ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Soil Characterization ◽  
Nutrient Reserve ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Land Use And Management

Background: Soil characterization and classification is the foundation for sustainable land use and management. Upland soils are important in areas of high elevation and undulating terrain. This study characterized and classified Soils of an upland in southern guinea savannah of Nigeria.Methods: The prominent elevation points of the area were read with GPS device and four locations identified were labelled: UP1, UP2, UP3 and UP4. Profile pits were dug in each location, described for the morphological properties and sampled for laboratory analysis of soil physico-chemical properties.Result: The soils were slightly to strongly acidic with pH of 5.29 to 6.11, had low organic matter ranged of 1.52 to 1.79% and low soil nutrient reserve with the effective cation exchange capacity (CEC) of 5.9 to 9.26 mol kg-1. In-situ soil development, transportation and deposition of materials were the major soil formation processes in the area. The soils were classified as Alfisols and were marginally suitable (S3) for yam.

scholarly journals Comparison of uncertainties in land-use change fluxes from bookkeeping model parameterisation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 745-762
Author(s):  
Ana Bastos ◽  
Kerstin Hartung ◽  
Tobias B. Nützel ◽  
Julia E. M. S. Nabel ◽  
Richard A. Houghton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Carbon Budget ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Spatiotemporal Variability ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Global Carbon Budget ◽  
Natural Land ◽  
Land Use And Management ◽  
Carbon Losses ◽  
Different Sources

Abstract. Fluxes from deforestation, changes in land cover, land use and management practices (FLUC for simplicity) contributed to approximately 14 % of anthropogenic CO2 emissions in 2009–2018. Estimating FLUC accurately in space and in time remains, however, challenging, due to multiple sources of uncertainty in the calculation of these fluxes. This uncertainty, in turn, is propagated to global and regional carbon budget estimates, hindering the compilation of a consistent carbon budget and preventing us from constraining other terms, such as the natural land sink. Uncertainties in FLUC estimates arise from many different sources, including differences in model structure (e.g. process based vs. bookkeeping) and model parameterisation. Quantifying the uncertainties from each source requires controlled simulations to separate their effects. Here, we analyse differences between the two bookkeeping models used regularly in the global carbon budget estimates since 2017: the model by Hansis et al. (2015) (BLUE) and that by Houghton and Nassikas (2017) (HN2017). The two models have a very similar structure and philosophy, but differ significantly both with respect to FLUC intensity and spatiotemporal variability. This is due to differences in the land-use forcing but also in the model parameterisation. We find that the larger emissions in BLUE compared to HN2017 are largely due to differences in C densities between natural and managed vegetation or primary and secondary vegetation, and higher allocation of cleared and harvested material to fast turnover pools in BLUE than in HN2017. Besides parameterisation and the use of different forcing, other model assumptions cause differences: in particular that BLUE represents gross transitions which leads to overall higher carbon losses that are also more quickly realised than HN2017.

scholarly journals Food security among dryland pastoralists and agropastoralists: The climate, land-use change, and population dynamics nexus

2021 ◽  
pp. 205301962110075
Author(s):  
Ilan Stavi ◽  
Joana Roque de Pinho ◽  
Anastasia K Paschalidou ◽  
Susana B Adamo ◽  
Kathleen Galvin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Food Utilization ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Food Security Status ◽  
Global Action ◽  
Land Use And Management

During the last decades, pastoralist, and agropastoralist populations of the world’s drylands have become exceedingly vulnerable to regional and global changes. Specifically, exacerbated stressors imposed on these populations have adversely affected their food security status, causing humanitarian emergencies and catastrophes. Of these stressors, climate variability and change, land-use and management practices, and dynamics of human demography are of a special importance. These factors affect all four pillars of food security, namely, food availability, access to food, food utilization, and food stability. The objective of this study was to critically review relevant literature to assess the complex web of interrelations and feedbacks that affect these factors. The increasing pressures on the world’s drylands necessitate a comprehensive analysis to advise policy makers regarding the complexity and linkages among factors, and to improve global action. The acquired insights may be the basis for alleviating food insecurity of vulnerable dryland populations.

scholarly journals Exploring the variability of soil nutrient outflows as influenced by land use and management practices in contrasting agro-ecological environments

2021 ◽  
pp. 147450
Author(s):  
Temesgen Mulualem ◽  
Enyew Adgo ◽  
Derege Tsegaye Meshesha ◽  
Atsushi Tsunekawa ◽  
Nigussie Haregeweyn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Land Use And Management

Variation of infiltration rate through karstic surfaces due to land use changes: A case study in Murgia (SE-Italy)

2008 ◽  
Vol 99 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 210-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filomena Canora ◽  
M. Dolores Fidelibus ◽  
Antonella Sciortino ◽  
Giuseppe Spilotro
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Infiltration Rate

scholarly journals Runoff, soil loss, and soil properties as influenced by land use and management practices: Case study from the Upper Blue Nile basin, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kindiye Ebabu ◽  
Atsushi Tsunekawa ◽  
Nigussie Haregeweyn ◽  
Enyew Adgo ◽  
Derege Meshesha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nile Basin ◽  
Blue Nile ◽  
Blue Nile Basin ◽  
Land Use And Management ◽  
Upper Blue Nile Basin
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