scholarly journals Soil Characterization and Classification in an Upland of Southern Guinea Savannah Zone of Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.S. Babalola ◽  
K.S. Ogunleye ◽  
O.J. Omoju ◽  
U.C. Osakwe ◽  
A.O.A. Ilori
Keyword(s):  
Soil Formation ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Sustainable Land Use ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Soil Characterization ◽  
Nutrient Reserve ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Land Use And Management

Background: Soil characterization and classification is the foundation for sustainable land use and management. Upland soils are important in areas of high elevation and undulating terrain. This study characterized and classified Soils of an upland in southern guinea savannah of Nigeria.Methods: The prominent elevation points of the area were read with GPS device and four locations identified were labelled: UP1, UP2, UP3 and UP4. Profile pits were dug in each location, described for the morphological properties and sampled for laboratory analysis of soil physico-chemical properties.Result: The soils were slightly to strongly acidic with pH of 5.29 to 6.11, had low organic matter ranged of 1.52 to 1.79% and low soil nutrient reserve with the effective cation exchange capacity (CEC) of 5.9 to 9.26 mol kg-1. In-situ soil development, transportation and deposition of materials were the major soil formation processes in the area. The soils were classified as Alfisols and were marginally suitable (S3) for yam.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF THE PHYSICO-CHEMICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF AN EXPOSED SOIL PROFILE IN AN EXCAVATED ACRISOL, SOUTHEAST NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-136
Author(s):  
Nnabude, P.C. ◽  
Onunwa, A.O. ◽  
Ijeoma, E.O. ◽  
Madueke, C.O.
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Land Capability ◽  
Anambra State ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Natural Land ◽  
Land Use And Management ◽  
Management Recommendations

Increased population density has led to a lot of pressure on the limited natural/land resources of south-eastern Nigeria. This includes the need for laterite, sand, kaolin, gravel and clay for buildings, backfills and road construction. This has led to extensive unmoderated excavation of these resources, particularly in Anambra state. The excavation has in turns, culminated in increased intensity of land degradation in the state, underscoring the need to characterize and evaluate the land use potentials of such sites to better understand the nature of the soils and the impacts of the attendant land use. Samples were collected from the different horizons of the profile to evaluate the physical, chemical and morphological properties of the soils. Coefficient of variation was used to measure the soil variability within the profile. Land capability class was determined, which informed the land use and management recommendations. The results show that the soil is very deep (>21.5m). The soil texture ranged from sandy clay loam to sandy. Infiltration rate and saturated hydraulic conductivity decreased by up to 300 to 560 % with excavation. The soils were strongly acidic; organic carbon and total nitrogen was low but highly variable; Al, H, Ca, Mg, K, Na, and phosphorus were moderately variable while pH, CEC and base saturation (BS) were the least variable. The land capability class was IIIes. Given the evidence of erosion and preponderance of erodible Nanka sands in the subsoil, the site should be reclaimed as soon as the mining activities are discontinued.

scholarly journals Characterization, classification and evaluation of major soils in Sollapura sub-watershed of Chikmagalur district in Karnataka for sustainable crop production

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Venkatesan ◽  
K. Dhanasekararan
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Sustainable Land Use ◽  
Moisture Regime ◽  
Soil Moisture Regime ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Soil Constraints ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Land Use Plan ◽  
Semi Arid

The morphological, physical and physico-chemical characteristics of soils in Sollapura sub-watershed of Chikmagalur district in Karnataka have been studied. The district comprises of 7 taluks of which Tarikere comes under southern transition zone. Tarikere talu have wide range of climate variation from perhumid to semi-arid. The study revealed that the soils had colours in the hue of 10YR to 5 YR, well to poorly drained, slightly acidic to moderately alkaline, low to high in organic carbon and low to medium in cation exchange capacity with wide textural variations. The soils on gently sloping topography exhibit the development of argillic horizon (Bt). The soils have been classified as Alfisols soil order and Ustalfs at sub-order level due to the presence of ustic soil moisture regime. On the basis of the major soil constraints, sustainable land use plan for the micro-watershed has also been suggested for their better management.

scholarly journals Chemical Properties and Mineralogical Composition of Soils in Original site at Coal Mining Area

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-76
Author(s):  
Ria Rachel Paranoan
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Sand Fraction ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Nutrient Reserve ◽  
Original Area

Soil minerals and  chemical properties play an essential role  in agricultural, especially to know  the  availability of soil nutrient reserve. The objective of the study was to investigate soil chemical properties and mineralogical  composition. of sand fraction in original area. The study was conducted in two stages. The  First stage was in the field and the second stage was in the laboratory. The field study was at Original area PT. Khotai Makmur Insan Abadi, Kutai Kartanegara, East Kalimantan. Soils were sampled from each horizon of the profile. The second stage was in the Laboratory. The chemical analysis was conducted    in  the Soil Laboratory,  Agriculture Faculty,  Mulawarman University.  The Mineralogical composition of fine sand fractions was  conducted in Pusat penelitian tanah Bogor, with line counting method using Microscope Polaritation (MP). The results of chemical characteristics indicated that  low to very low content of organic matter, soil reactions are acid throughout the horizon,  very low to moderate  base satration, low to moderate soil cation exchange capacity, high of Al saturation.  Sand fraction composition was dominated by resistant minerals (quartz and opaque). On the other hand the easily weatherable minerals are not detected in the original area. One of the reason soil has low  CEC is, because the composition of sand fraction in the soil dominated by quartz.

scholarly journals Exploring the variability of soil nutrient outflows as influenced by land use and management practices in contrasting agro-ecological environments

2021 ◽  
pp. 147450
Author(s):  
Temesgen Mulualem ◽  
Enyew Adgo ◽  
Derege Tsegaye Meshesha ◽  
Atsushi Tsunekawa ◽  
Nigussie Haregeweyn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Land Use And Management

scholarly journals Physico-Chemical Characterization and Antimicrobial Properties of Hybrid Film Based on Saponite and Phloxine B

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 325
Author(s):  
Nitin Chandra teja Dadi ◽  
Matúš Dohál ◽  
Veronika Medvecká ◽  
Juraj Bujdák ◽  
Kamila Koči ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Film ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Layered Silicate ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Hybrid Films ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Physico Chemical

This research was aimed at the preparation of a hybrid film based on a layered silicate saponite (Sap) with the immobilized photosensitizer phloxine B (PhB). Sap was selected because of its high cation exchange capacity, ability to exfoliate into nanolayers, and to modify different surfaces. The X-ray diffraction of the films confirmed the intercalation of both the surfactant and PhB molecules in the Sap film. The photosensitizer retained its photoactivity in the hybrid films, as shown by fluorescence spectra measurements. The water contact angles and the measurement of surface free energy demonstrated the hydrophilic nature of the hybrid films. Antimicrobial effectiveness, assessed by the photodynamic inactivation on hybrid films, was tested against a standard strain and against methicillin-resistant bacteria of Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). One group of samples was irradiated (green LED light; 2.5 h) and compared to nonirradiated ones. S. aureus strains manifested a reduction in growth from 1-log10 to over 3-log10 compared to the control samples with Sap only, and defects in S. aureus cells were proven by scanning electron microscopy. The results proved the optimal photo-physical properties and anti-MRSA potential of this newly designed hybrid system that reflects recent progress in the modification of surfaces for various medical applications.

scholarly journals Radiation-induced Grafting of Styrene onto Polyethylene Films for Preparation of Cation Exchange Membranes: Effect of Crosslinking+

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Nasef ◽  
H. Saidi ◽  
A. H. Yahaya
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Swelling Properties ◽  
Ion Exchange Capacity ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Styrene Divinylbenzene ◽  
Radiation Induced

Crosslinked cation exchange membranes bearing sulfonic acid groups (PE-g-PSSA/DVB) were prepared by radiationinduced grafting of styrene/divinylbenzene (DVB) mixtures onto low density polyethylene (PE) films followed by sulfonation reactions. The effect of addition of DVB (2 and 4%) on the grafting behavior and the physico-chemical properties of the membranes such as ion exchange capacity, swelling and ionic conductivity were evaluated incorrelation with grafting yield (Y%). The structural and thermal properties of the membranes were also studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), respectively. Crosslinking with DVB was found to considerably affect the properties of the membranes in a way that reduces the swelling properties and enhances the chemical stability. The ion conductivity of the crosslinked membranes recorded a level of 10–2 S/cm at sufficient grafting yield (28%) despite the reduction caused by the formation of crosslinking structure. The results of this work suggest that membranes prepared in this study are potential alternatives for various electrochemical applications.

scholarly journals Sustainable Use of Biochar in Environmental Management

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ammal Abukari ◽  
Ziblim Abukari Imoro ◽  
Abubakari Zarouk Imoro ◽  
Abudu Ballu Duwiejuah
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Environmental Pollutant ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Agricultural Wastes ◽  
Preparation Conditions

Conversion of agricultural wastes into eco-friendly and low cost biochar is not only a smart recycling strategy but a panacea to environmental pollution management. Agricultural wastes biochar can be an effective alternative technique for controlling contaminants due to its low cost, high-efficiency, simple to use, ecological sustainability and reliability in terms of public safety. Biochars have made substantial breakthroughs in reducing greenhouse gases emissions, reducing soil nutrient leaching, sequester atmospheric carbon into the soil, increasing agricultural productivity, and reducing bioavailability of environmental contaminants. Recent advances in the understanding of biochars warrant a proper scientific evaluation of the relationship between its properties and impact on soil properties, environmental pollutant remediation, plant growth, yield, and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. The main factors controlling biochar properties include the nature of feedstock, heat transfer rate, residence time and pyrolysis temperature. Biochar efficacy in pollutants management largely depends on its elemental composition, ion-exchange capacity, pore size distribution and surface area, which vary with the nature of feedstock, preparation conditions and procedures. The chapter explored the possibility of using biochar from agricultural wastes as a suitable alternative for the remediation of environmental pollutants, soil conditioning and the long-term biochar application in the environment.

scholarly journals The chemicals (formaldehyde and toluene) influence on soil microorganisms of leached chernozem

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Natalya Anatolyevna Ilyina ◽  
Tatyana Valentinovna Fufaeva ◽  
Natalya Anatolyevna Kazakova ◽  
Nataliya Mikhailovna Kasatkina ◽  
Evgeniya Alexandrovna Vilkova
Keyword(s):  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Chemical Production ◽  
Leached Chernozem ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
The Status ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

The paper assesses the status of the soil cover associated with the pollution of its waste chemical production and consumption. The authors present the data of formaldehyde and toluene influence on the abundance of actinomycetes, heterotrophic bacteria and fungi, as these groups of microorganisms provide self-purification capacity of the soil and participate in soil formation processes. In this paper microbiological and physico-chemical methods of research are used. The study of species composition changes of some soil microorganisms groups of leached chernozem under the influence of formaldehyde and toluene showed that this factor causes changes in the complex of soil microorganisms. This factor is reflected in the decreased species richness and diversity and increase of pollution-tolerant microorganisms. These studies investigate a number of microorganisms that provide self-purification capacity of the soil and participate in soil formation. The results show the nature of the influence of different doses of formaldehyde and toluene on the structure and functioning of the complex of soil microorganisms, as well as reveal the mechanism of action of chemicals (formaldehyde and toluene) on soil microbiota associated with its resistance and the manifestation of toxicity of the soil.

scholarly journals Correlations between physico-chemical properties and nickel adsorption parameters in soils used in sanitary landfill liners

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-284
Author(s):  
Ricardo Antonio Ferreira da Silva ◽  
Danilo Brito da Costa ◽  
William de Paiva ◽  
Márcio Camargo de Melo ◽  
Veruschka Escarião Dessoles Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Bentonite Clay ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Sanitary Landfill ◽  
Adsorption Parameters ◽  
Clayey Sand ◽  
Landfill Liners ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Nickel Adsorption

The adsorption of heavy metals by sanitary landfill liners represents a measure of protection of surface and groundwaters against contamination by metals, mitigating risks to public health. Hence, this research aimed to identify, from correlations, the influence of physico-chemical properties of soils applied in landfill liners using nickel adsorption parameters. Batch equilibrium tests with initial nickel concentrations of 45 to 1440 mg.L-1 were performed in clayey sand and bentonite clay soil, as well as in mixtures. Nickel adsorption parameters from Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models were obtained, exhibiting a better adjustment in the Freundlich model based on R² and RMSE criteria. Thus, the addition of bentonite clay improved the adsorption to nickel, and the cationic exchange capacity (CEC) was the property that considerably influenced the metal retention in the studied soils.

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