scholarly journals ECOLOGICAL/CULTURAL MEASURES OF WEED MANAGEMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-43
Author(s):  
Sirpat Badhai ◽  
Aman Kumar Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Least Developed Countries ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Direct Seeded

The weed is a plant that grows where it is undesired or in its place. Weeds are unwanted plants that are not known to be economically important. Weeds are plants that are unwanted in a given situation and may be dangerous, harmful or economically detrimental. Weeds have serious problems when it comes to agricultural production. It is estimated that weeds generally cause a 25% loss of agricultural production in the least developed countries, a 10% loss in the least developed countries and a 5% loss in most developed countries. Weeds loses are depend upon location, crop and types of soil. The study found that potential yield losses were significant for soybeans (50-76%) and peanuts (45-71%). Largest variability in potential yield losses were observed among locations in case of direct seeded rice (15-66%) & maize (18-65%). In similar cases weeds are reduced 66% yield of Chilly and the loss of N through weeds is about 150 kg per ha. Weeds losses alone in 10 major crops of India viz transplanted rice (13.8%), wheat (18.6%), direct-seeded rice (21.4%), mustard (21.4%), sesame (23.7%), sorghum (25.1%), maize (25.3%), Pearlmillet (27.6%), Greengram (30.8%), soybean (31.4%) and groundnut (35.8%). Weed control practices are extremely important to Indian agricultural production. Many more tools and practices are adopted for crop protection q like crop species, crop variety/cultivars, sowing of crop (time, rate of sowing, row spacing and method), crop rotation, trap and catch crops, cropping practice, irrigation time & method are suitable practices under cultural/ecological measures of weed management. Cropping practices are also known as environmentally responsible weed management practices. Environmentally sound weed management methods are chemical-free and weed management tools-free.

Performance of direct-seeded rice under different nutrient and weed management practices

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-141
Author(s):  
Sheela Barla ◽  
R.R. Upasani ◽  
Alfa Malika Beck
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Direct Seeded

scholarly journals Weed Mapping in Vineyards Using RGB-D Perception

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Kateris ◽  
Damianos Kalaitzidis ◽  
Vasileios Moysiadis ◽  
Aristotelis C. Tagarakis ◽  
Dionysis Bochtis
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Weed Mapping ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
Different Levels

Weed management is one of the major challenges in viticulture, as long as weeds can cause significant yield losses and severe competition to the cultivations. In this direction, the development of an automated procedure for weed monitoring will provide useful data for understanding their management practices. In this work, a new image-based technique was developed in order to provide maps based on weeds’ height at the inter-row path of the vineyards. The developed algorithms were tested in many datasets from vineyards with different levels of weed development. The results show that the proposed technique gives promising results in various field conditions.

scholarly journals Narrowing the Agronomic Yield Gaps of Maize by Improved Soil, Cultivar, and Agricultural Management Practices in Different Climate Zones of Northeast China

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhijuan Liu ◽  
Xiaoguang Yang ◽  
Xiaomao Lin ◽  
Kenneth G. Hubbard ◽  
Shuo Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Climate Zones ◽  
Yield Gaps

Abstract Northeast China (NEC) is one of the major agricultural production areas in China, producing about 30% of China’s total maize output. In the past five decades, maize yields in NEC increased rapidly. However, farmer yields still have potential to be increased. Therefore, it is important to quantify the impacts of agronomic factors, including soil physical properties, cultivar selections, and management practices on yield gaps of maize under the changing climate in NEC in order to provide reliable recommendations to narrow down the yield gaps. In this study, the Agricultural Production Systems Simulator (APSIM)-Maize model was used to separate the contributions of soil physical properties, cultivar selections, and management practices to maize yield gaps. The results indicate that approximately 5%, 12%, and 18% of potential yield loss of maize is attributable to soil physical properties, cultivar selection, and management practices. Simulation analyses showed that potential ascensions of yield of maize by improving soil physical properties PAYs, changing to cultivar with longer maturity PAYc, and improving management practices PAYm for the entire region were 0.6, 1.5, and 2.2 ton ha−1 or 9%, 23%, and 34% increases, respectively, in NEC. In addition, PAYc and PAYm varied considerably from location to location (0.4 to 2.2 and 0.9 to 4.5 ton ha−1 respectively), which may be associated with the spatial variation of growing season temperature and precipitation among climate zones in NEC. Therefore, changing to cultivars with longer growing season requirement and improving management practices are the top strategies for improving yield of maize in NEC, especially for the north and west areas.

scholarly journals Impact of Moisture Content and Weed Management on Direct Seeded Rice Quality

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Alisha Kumari ◽  
Rajan Kumar ◽  
Sweeti Kumari ◽  
Rinki Kumari Kumari
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Moisture Regimes ◽  
Direct Seeded ◽  
Crop Research

A field experiment was conducted during rainy (kharif) season of 2016 at Crop Research centre Pusa, Bihar to investigate the “Effect of Moisture Regimes and Weed Management on quality of Direct Seeded Rice”. The treatments consisted of three moisture regimes in main plots and five weed management practices in sub plots. The results showed that grain (3.62 t/ha) and straw yields (52.44 q/ha), harvest index (40.83%), P uptake (10.97 kg/ha) by rice grain were maximum with 3 days Disappearance of Ponded Water(DPW) which were significantly superior to 5 and 7 DPW but N (42.19 kg/ha) and P uptake (10.97 kg/ha) by rice grain, N (30.53 kg/ha), P (8.41 kg/ha) and K (74.47 kg/ha) uptake by straw were statistically at par with 5 DPW. With regard to weed management grain yield(35.62 q/ha) was maximum with W4 treatment of weed management which was significantly superior to W2, W1 and W5 but was statistically at par with W3 treatment while, straw yield (45.12 q/ha), N(41.37 and 29.75 kg/ha), P(10.72 and 8.18 kg/ha) and K(8.80 and 7.58 kg/ha) uptake by rice grain and straw were significantly superior to W1 and W5 and were comparable to W3 and W2 treatments.  In harvest index (40.97%), W4 treatment was significantly superior to all the treatments. N, P and K content in grain and straw did not vary significantly with varying moisture regimes weed management treatments.

scholarly journals Effect of cultivars and different weed management practices on yield, nutrient uptake and soil micro-flora in dry direct-seeded rice under coastal deltaic ecosystem

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
K Pooja ◽  
P Saravanane ◽  
S Nadaradjan ◽  
S Sundaravaradhan ◽  
S Muthukumarasamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Rice Cultivar ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Direct Seeded ◽  
Hand Weeding ◽  
Soil Microbial Population

An experiment was conducted during September 2019 - January 2020 to investigate the effects of cultivars and different weed management practices on yield attributes, yield, nutrient uptake and soil micro-flora in dry direct-seeded rice (DDSR). Experiment was laid out in split plot design replicated thrice. The treatment combination consisted of three levels of cultivars in main plot (ADT 46, CO 52 and Improved white ponni) and five levels of weed management practices in the sub plots (application of pendimethalin @ 1 kg a.i ha-1 as pre-emergence herbicide at 3 days after sowing (DAS), bispyribac-sodium @ 0.02 kg a.i ha-1 as post-emergence herbicide at 20 DAS, sequential application of pendimethalin @ 1 kg a.i ha-1 followed by (fb) bispyribac-sodium @ 0.02 kg a.i ha-1, hand weeding twice at 20 and 40 DAS and weedy check). Both the cultivars and weed management practices influenced the growth, nutrient uptake, soil microbial population and yield of the DDSR. However, the interaction did not influence any of the parameters significantly. Rice cultivar ADT 46 proved to be superior with respect to nutrient uptake and yield. Whereas, among weed management practices, the highest nutrient uptake and yield were obtained with sequential application of pendimethalin @ 1 kg a.i ha-1 fb bispyribac-sodium @ 0.02 kg a.i ha-1.

scholarly journals Weed management practices in direct seeded rice ecosystem in north western zone of Tamil Nadu

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-151
Author(s):  
C. Sivakumar ◽  
◽  
A. Krishnaveni ◽  
M. Pandiyan ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Direct Seeded ◽  
Western Zone ◽  
Rice Ecosystem ◽  
North Western
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