Serum Beta- 2 Microglobulin is a Reliable Biomarker to Predict Diabetic Nephropathy

Abstract Seeking to study whether measurement of lysozyme (EC 3.2.1.17) in urine by a reliable radioimmunoassay can provide a suitable index of renal tubular function and how lysozymuria develops in temporal relation to proteinuria in diabetic nephropathy, we have compared the urinary excretion of lysozyme and beta 2-microglobulin with the 15-min excretion rate of phenolsulfonphthalein in 39 patients with Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes and investigated the temporal relation between the onset of lysozymuria and proteinuria in 15 patients with Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes. The concentrations of lysozyme and beta 2-microglobulin in urine increased in proportion to the decrease in the rate of excretion of phenolsulfonphthalein in these patients. The coefficient of correlation between lysozyme concentration and the 15-min excretion rate of phenolsulfonphthalein (r = -0.70) was higher than that between beta 2-microglobulin concentration and the 15-min excretion rate of phenolsulfonphthalein (r = -0.46). Abnormally high lysozymuria, suggesting the existence of tubular dysfunction, was demonstrated in six of the patients with Type 1 diabetes who showed no proteinuria or only a slight increase in urinary protein excretion. Lysozymuria may thus be added to a list of the indicators for diabetic nephropathy.

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A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials of Yiqi Yangyin Huoxue Method in Treating Diabetic Nephropathy

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2016/3257603 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jiao Ying Ou ◽

Di Huang ◽

Yan Sheng Wu ◽

Lin Xu ◽

Fei He ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetic Nephropathy ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Serum Creatinine ◽

Randomized Controlled Trials ◽

Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Complementary And Alternative Therapy ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Beta 2 ◽

Beta 2 Microglobulin

Objective. The purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate the evidence of Yiqi Yangyin Huoxue Method for diabetic nephropathy.Methods. 11 electronic databases, through September 2015, were searched to identify randomized controlled trials of Yiqi Yangyin Huoxue Method for diabetic nephropathy. The quality of the included trials was assessed using the Jadad scale.Results. 26 randomized controlled trials were included in our review. Of all the included trials, most of them were considered as high quality. The aggregated results suggested that Yiqi Yangyin Huoxue Method is beneficial to diabetic nephropathy in bringing down the microalbuminuria (SMD = −0.98, 95% CI −1.22 to −0.74), serum creatinine (SMD = −0.56, 95% CI −0.93 to −0.20), beta-2 microglobulin (MD = 0.06, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.12), fasting plasma glucose (MD = −0.35, 95% CI −0.62 to −0.08), and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose (MD = 1.13, 95% CI 0.07 to 2.20), but not in decreasing blood urea nitrogen (SMD = −0.72, 95% CI −1.47 to 0.02) or 2-hour postprandial blood glucose (SMD = −0.48, 95% CI −1.01 to 0.04).Conclusions. Yiqi Yangyin Huoxue Method should be a valid complementary and alternative therapy in the management of diabetic nephropathy, especially in improving UAER, serum creatinine, fasting blood glucose, and beta-2 microglobulin. However, more studies with long follow-up are warrant to confirm the current findings.

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Clinical Utility of Urinaryβ2-Microglobulin in Detection of Early Nephropathy in African Diabetes Mellitus Patients

International Journal of Nephrology ◽

10.1155/2017/4093171 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

U. E. Ekrikpo ◽

E. E. Effa ◽

E. E. Akpan ◽

A. S. Obot ◽

S. Kadiri

Keyword(s):

Diabetic Nephropathy ◽

Albumin Concentration ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Type 2 Diabetics ◽

Potential Biomarker ◽

Beta 2 ◽

Beta 2 Microglobulin ◽

Diabetic Tubulopathy ◽

Urinary Albumin Concentration

Background. Studies have indicated that diabetic tubulopathy may occur earlier than glomerulopathy, therefore providing a potential avenue for earlier diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy. Urinary beta-2-microglobulin (β2m) was investigated in this study as a potential biomarker in the detection of early nephropathy in type 2 diabetics.Methods. One hundred and two diabetic subjects and 103 controls that met the inclusion criteria had data (sociodemographic, medical history, physical examination, and laboratory) collected. Urinaryβ2m levels and urinary albumin concentration (UAC) were determined.Results. Elevated urinaryβ2m was more frequent among the diabetics (52%, 95% CI: 42.1–61.8%) than among the controls (32%, 95% CI: 22.9–41.2%). The frequency of microalbuminuria was higher in the diabetics (35.3%, 95% CI: 25.9–44.7%) than in the controls (15.5%, 95% CI: 8.4–22.6%). There was a positive correlation between urinaryβ2m and UAC (rho = 0.38,p<0.001). Multivariate analysis showed BMI (OR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.05–1.45), eGFR (OR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.94–0.99), and presence of microalbuminuria (OR: 3.94, 95% CI: 1.32–11.77) as independent predictors of elevated urinary beta-2-microglobulin among the diabetics.Conclusion. Urinaryβ2m may be useful, either as a single test or as a component of a panel of tests, in the early detection of diabetic nephropathy.

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Beta-2 Microglobulin (B2 M) Genomic Alterations and Absent Protein Expression in Pediatric and Adolescent Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma

Klinische Pädiatrie ◽

10.1055/s-0034-1371104 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 226 (02) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

L Giulino-Roth ◽

J Reichel ◽

J Teruya-Feldstein ◽

W Tam ◽

Y Tam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Protein Expression ◽

Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽

Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽

Genomic Alterations ◽

Beta 2 ◽

Beta 2 Microglobulin

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Activation of nonclassical CD1d-restricted NK T cells induces airway hyperreactivity in beta 2-microglobulin-deficient mice.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1122835.579924 ◽

2008 ◽

Author(s):

Santa Jeremy Ono

Keyword(s):

T Cells ◽

Airway Hyperreactivity ◽

Nk T Cells ◽

Beta 2 ◽

Beta 2 Microglobulin ◽

Deficient Mice

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Quantitative determination of the beta-2-microglobulin monomer by gel filtration chromatography

Chinese Journal of Chromatography ◽

10.3724/sp.j.1123.2018.11028 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 37 (5) ◽

pp. 533

Author(s):

Xiaobo BAO ◽

Jun REN ◽

Yufeng WANG ◽

Lingyun JIA

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Determination ◽

Gel Filtration ◽

Gel Filtration Chromatography ◽

Beta 2 ◽

Beta 2 Microglobulin

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Serial Quantification of Urinary Protein Biomarkers to Predict Drug-induced Acute Kidney Injury

Current Drug Metabolism ◽

10.2174/1389200220666190711114504 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (8) ◽

pp. 656-664 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Yi Da ◽

K. Akalya ◽

Tanusya Murali ◽

Anantharaman Vathsala ◽

Chuen-Seng Tan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Kidney Injury ◽

Cystatin C ◽

Calcineurin Inhibitors ◽

Kidney Injury ◽

Tubular Dysfunction ◽

Renal Tubular Dysfunction ◽

Protein Biomarkers ◽

Drug Induced ◽

Beta 2 ◽

Beta 2 Microglobulin

Background: : Drug-induced Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) develops in 10-15% of patients who receive nephrotoxic medications. Urinary biomarkers of renal tubular dysfunction may detect nephrotoxicity early and predict AKI. Methods:: We prospectively studied patients who received aminoglycosides, vancomycin, amphotericin, or calcineurin inhibitors, and collected their serial urine while on therapy. Patients who developed drug-induced AKI (fulfilling KDIGO criteria) were matched with non-AKI controls in a 1:2 ratio. Their urine samples were batch-analyzed at time-intervals leading up to AKI onset; the latter benchmarked against the final day of nephrotoxic therapy in non- AKI controls. Biomarkers examined include clusterin, beta-2-microglobulin, KIM1, MCP1, cystatin-C, trefoil-factor- 3, NGAL, interleukin-18, GST-Pi, calbindin, and osteopontin; biomarkers were normalized with corresponding urine creatinine. Results:: Nine of 84 (11%) patients developed drug-induced AKI. Biomarkers from 7 AKI cases with pre-AKI samples were compared with those from 14 non-AKI controls. Corresponding mean ages were 55(±17) and 52(±16) years; baseline eGFR were 99(±21) and 101(±24) mL/min/1.73m2 (all p=NS). Most biomarker levels peaked before the onset of AKI. Median levels of 5 biomarkers were significantly higher in AKI cases than controls at 1-3 days before AKI onset (all µg/mmol): clusterin [58(8-411) versus 7(3-17)], beta-2-microglobulin [1632(913-3823) versus 253(61-791)], KIM1 [0.16(0.13-0.76) versus 0.07(0.05-0.15)], MCP1 [0.40(0.16-1.90) versus 0.07(0.04-0.17)], and cystatin-C [33(27-2990) versus 11(7-19)], all p<0.05; their AUROC for AKI prediction were >0.80 (confidence intervals >0.50), with average accuracy highest for clusterin (86%), followed by beta-2-microglobulin, cystatin-C, MCP1, and KIM1 (57%) after cross-validation. Conclusion: : Serial surveillance of these biomarkers could improve the lead time for nephrotoxicity detection by days.

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