scholarly journals Classification of Packaging Waste in the Municipal Solid Waste and Preconditions of its Effective Treatment in Regions Of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Packaging Waste ◽  
Waste Flow

Purpose. Characteristics of the packaging waste group and development of such waste classification systems on various grounds, as well as the definition of areas for effective management and treatment. Methods. System analysis, methods of analysis and synthesis, generalization and interpretation. Results. Studies of the municipal solid waste composition in the cities of Ukraine do not allow to fully quantify the packaging waste, but the approximate content of such waste is 10-20%. Packaging waste can be classified by composition, place of generation and treatment options. The classification of packaging waste on the basis of the waste hierarchy is the basis for the developed priority number of directions of such waste management. It is indicated that packaging waste is the secondary material resources of the first stage with the available processing technologies. Increasing the extraction rate of packaging waste from the total municipal solid waste flow is a necessary condition for the efficient use of their resource potential and is possible only in case of waste flow differentiation at the beginning of its life cycle. Conclusions. The packaging waste group in the municipal solid waste is characterized by a significant content and variety of composition, which can be classified on various grounds, such as composition, place of generation and approach to management and treatment. In accordance with the developed priority number of waste management directions, it is necessary to create less packaging, and the existing one is effectively recycled and produced from biodegradable materials. In modern conditions, packaging waste is the most common secondary raw material, but due to the extremely low level of separate collection implementation, such waste loses its resource value and pollutes the environment. Therefore, proper organization of separate collection is the key to effective utilization of packaging waste.

scholarly journals Characteristic of Bioorganic Component of Municipal Solid Waste

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Waste Management Practice

Purpose. Characteristics of the easily decomposed organic municipal solid waste flow: evaluation of composition, main components content and determination of possible recycling directions. Methods. System analysis methods, statistical processing of data were used. Results. Almost 60% of the municipal solid waste mass was composed of components containing biodegradable carbon – food and garden wastes, paper and cardboard, textiles, nappies, rubber and leather, wood. The total content and correlation between the main components depend on local conditions and change over time. The coefficient of variation was chosen as a criterion for assessing the variability of the content of individual components in the MSW total mass. It was shown that the most variable was the content of rubber and leather, as well as wood; the most stable characteristic was the content of food waste. The municipal solid waste management practice is to dispose of easily decomposed organic waste into landfill and dumps, which are sources of environmental pollution by e.g. greenhouse gases. The exception is some part of paper and cardboard. Given the obtained characteristics of wastes containing biodegradable carbon, we present the main directions of its recycling that are possible today. Conclusions. A group of wastes containing biodegradable carbon constitutes a significant proportion of MSW. The correlation between the different components of this group is a characteristic feature of the generation source and should be taken into account by developing an effective system of waste management for a particular city or region. The current waste management practice leads to waste disposal into landfill and dumps, which are sources of environmental pollution. On the other hand, such waste can be efficiently recovered, especially the largest by weight food, garden waste and paper and cardboard. However, a necessary condition for this purpose is their separation from the general municipal solid waste stream in the moment of waste generation.

scholarly journals Current State of the Municipal Solid Waste Management and Treatment in Ukraine

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Management System ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
National Strategy ◽  
Waste Management System

Purpose. Review of the current situation in the municipal solid waste management area in Ukraine and outline the possible direction of an effective waste management system organization at the regional level. Methods. System analysis, mass balance method, generalization and interpretation. Results. Starting of the European integration process, Ukraine has initiated a number of reforms in the legislative and regulatory sphere of waste management. In particular, the National Strategy of waste management in Ukraine by 2030 was approved; the draft Law of Ukraine “On Waste Management” and others were developed. There are plants for recovering certain types of recyclable raw materials in Ukraine. The model of effective municipal solid waste management at the regional level should be based on baseline conditions: waste composition and available recovery capacity. It is shown that almost half of the municipal solid waste mass is food and garden waste. This means that an effective solid waste management system must be based on the separation and subsequent treatment of such waste, which will allow the achievement of the National Strategy targets. Conclusions. The municipal solid waste problem of is extremely urgent for Ukraine, because in the conditions of mass increasing and composition complication the main method of treatment remains disposal. Changes in legislation and the existing infrastructure for recycling the most common and resource-intensive categories of recyclables require the introduction of effective municipal solid waste management systems. We believe that to achieve a significant result, it is necessary to pay attention to easily-decomposed organic waste. Development a system for the proper collection and further use of such waste will help to achieve significant performance indicators of municipal solid waste potential using.

Alternative Financing for Enhanced Environmental Protection: The Intersection of Waste-to-Energy Technology and Solid Waste Flow Control Authority

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott M. DuBoff
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Flow Control ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Waste Flow

When local governments evaluate the environmental benefits and costs of alternatives for managing non-recyclable municipal solid waste, the relative costs of modern waste-to-energy (WTE) technology can be a significant stumbling block despite WTE technology’s environmental benefits. Although the preceding point is an important economic reality that has constrained WTE development in the United States, fortunately there is a highly effective means — the use of municipal solid waste “flow control” (or “facility designation”) authority — to overcome WTE’s perceived cost disadvantage. The relationship between flow control and WTE development, including significant encouragement for use of flow control as a result of the U.S. Supreme Court’s recent decision in United Haulers Association v. Oneida-Herkimer Solid Waste Management Authority, 127 S.Ct. 1786 (2007), is the focus of this paper, which will address the following topics: Policy Basis for Flow Control — Absent government intervention, management of municipal solid waste will seek the lowest cost (i.e., short-term cost) and frequently less environmentally protective alternatives. Flow control can counter the tendency to choose alternatives with lower short-term costs and at the same time facilitate implementation of the environmentally-preferable waste management alternatives a local government selects, such as WTE technology and other aspects of “integrated waste management.” Flow Control and the Courts — While the authority of a given local government to use flow control is grounded in state law, flow control also implicates matters that arise under federal law, such as Commerce Clause issues, given the possibility that solid waste regulation in one state can affect commercial interests in solid waste management in another state. Although concerns regarding claims of impact on interstate commerce prompted a negative Supreme Court response to flow control in C&A Carbone, Inc. v. Town of Clarkstown, 511 U.S. 383 (1994), the Court’s decision 13 years later in the Oneida-Herkimer case was in many ways just the opposite. WTE’s Correlation with Flow Control and Practical Guideposts — WTE development can be significantly advanced by the use of flow control. That conclusion is borne out by empirical data. The concluding portion of this paper addresses that topic as well as corollary issues, such as public-private collaboration for WTE development and other practical guideposts for implementing flow control ordinances.

MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF BUCHAREST METROPOLITAN AREA

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioan Ianos ◽  
Daniela Zamfir ◽  
Valentina Stoica ◽  
Loreta Cercleux ◽  
Andrei Schvab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management
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