scholarly journals Comparison of Hip and Low Back Loads between Normal Gait, Axillary Crutch Ambulation and Walking with a Hands-free Crutch in a Healthy Population

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Orishimo ◽  
Amir Shapira ◽  
Ian Kremenic ◽  
Malachy McHugh ◽  
Stephen Nicholas
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Population ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Normal Gait

Cross-sectional magnetic resonance imaging study of lumbar disc degeneration in 200 healthy individuals

2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 501-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro Kanayama ◽  
Daisuke Togawa ◽  
Chihiro Takahashi ◽  
Tomoya Terai ◽  
Tomoyuki Hashimoto
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Disc Degeneration ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Lumbar Disc ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Lumbar Disc Degeneration ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Object The current cross-sectional observational MR imaging study aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of lumbar disc degeneration in a healthy population and to establish the baseline data for a prospective longitudinal study. Methods Two hundred healthy volunteers participated in this study after providing informed consent. The status of lumbar disc degeneration was assessed by 3 independent observers, who used sagittal T2-weighted MR imaging. Demographic data collected included age, sex, body mass index, episode(s) of low-back pain, smoking status, hours of standing and sitting, and Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire scores. There were 68 men and 132 women whose mean age was 39.7 years (range 30–55 years). Eighty-two individuals (41%) were smokers, and the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire scores were averaged to 0.6/24. Results The prevalence of disc degeneration was 7.0% in L1–2, 12.0% in L2–3, 15.5% in L3–4, 49.5% in L4–5, and 53.0% in L5–S1. A herniated disc was observed at the corresponding levels in 0.5, 3.5, 6.5, 25.0, and 35.0% of cases respectively. Spondylolisthesis was observed in < 3% of this population. Multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrated that age and hours sitting were significantly related to L4–5 disc herniation. Episode of low-back pain, smoking status, body mass index, and hours standing did not affect the prevalence of disc degeneration. Conclusions The current study established the baseline data of lumbar disc degeneration in a 30- to 55-year-old healthy population for a prospective longitudinal study. Hours spent sitting significantly increased the prevalence of disc herniation, but episode of low-back pain, smoking status, obesity, and standing hours were not significant risk factors.

scholarly journals Effect of Two Different Exercise Regimens on Trunk Muscle Morphometry and Endurance in Soldiers in Training

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (9) ◽  
pp. 1211-1224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deydre S. Teyhen ◽  
John D. Childs ◽  
Jessica L. Dugan ◽  
Alison C. Wright ◽  
Joshua A. Sorge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Muscle Hypertrophy ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Military Training ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Trunk Muscles ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Endurance Time

BackgroundLimited evidence exists on how strength and endurance exercises commonly used to prevent low back pain affect muscle morphometry and endurance.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of 2 exercise regimens on the morphometry and endurance of key trunk musculature in a healthy population.DesignThe study was designed as a randomized controlled trial.SettingThe study was conducted in a military training setting.ParticipantsA random subsample (n=340; 72% men, 28% women; mean [±SD] age=21.9±4.2 years; mean [±SD] body mass index=24.8±2.8 kg/m2) from the larger Prevention of Low Back Pain in the Military trial (N=4,325) was included.InterventionThe core stabilization exercise program (CSEP) included low-load/low-repetition motor control exercises, whereas the traditional exercise program (TEP) included exercises conducted at a fast pace, with the use of high-load, high-repetition trunk strengthening exercises.MeasurementsBaseline and follow-up examinations included ultrasound imaging of the trunk muscles and endurance tests. Linear mixed models were fitted to study the group and time effect and their interactions, accounting for the clustering effect.ResultsSymmetry generally improved in the rest and contracted states, but there were no differences suggestive of muscle hypertrophy or improved ability to contract the trunk muscles between soldiers receiving the CSEP or the TEP. Total trunk endurance time decreased over the 12-week period, but endurance performance favored soldiers in the CSEP group. Endurance time was not associated with future episodes of low back pain.LimitationsThe lack of morphological changes may not be detectable in an already-active cohort, or a more intensive dose was needed.ConclusionsAlthough improved symmetry was noted, neither the CSEP nor the TEP resulted in muscle hypertrophy. Longer endurance times were noted in individuals who completed the CSEP but were not strongly predictive of future low back pain episodes.

In-Vivo Loads on the Lumbar Intervertebral Discs During Weight Lifting

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Wang ◽  
W. M. Park ◽  
J. Miao ◽  
K. Wood ◽  
Y. H. Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Intervertebral Discs ◽  
Weight Lifting ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Surgical Implants

The most common reason for occupational low back pain is the overload on the spine [1]. Determination of the load on the spine is critical for preventing low back pain, understanding injury mechanism and developing treatment techniques and surgical implants. However, due to the limitations in technology, only few in-vivo measurements were performed using pressure transducer [1] and telemeterized implants [2]. Because of the risks involved, neither of these techniques was suitable for a large healthy population. In this study, we proposed a new non-invasive technique and estimated the forces and moments on the lumbar intervertebral discs (IVDs) of three healthy subjects during a dynamic weight lifting activity.

Ergonomic Assessment of Low Back Loading Pattern During Occupational Lifting Task in a Lower Limb Amputee: Minimizing Injury Risk.

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 1466-1470
Author(s):  
Chandrasekaran Jayaraman ◽  
Chaithanya K. Mummidisetty ◽  
Shenan Hoppe-Ludwig ◽  
Matthew McGuire ◽  
Arun Jayaraman
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Compressive Force ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Muscle Activation Patterns ◽  
Lower Limb Amputee ◽  
Lifting Task

While the relationship between occupational task intensity and repetitive overuse injuries have been well studied and prescription/guidelines to assess and minimize risk of such injuries well established in the general healthy population, these aspects are not well understood in individuals with disabilities. In this practice-oriented paper, we use high a resolution sensor-data driven methodology to track muscle activation patterns and joint kinematics during a common lifting task in a unilateral lower limb amputee to gain a better understanding of the risk of injury during non-optimal lifting postures. The observed data from high resolution sensors are used to recommend optimized prosthetic device tuning. Further the participant specific low back compression loads calculated using Hand-Calculation Back Compressive Force estimation model (HCBCF) and the University of Michigan 3D Static Strength Prediction Program (3DSSPP™) model is used to identify the safe zones of joint loading during the lifting task.

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