Furnace operator dies after being overcome by argon gas in pressure vessel in South Carolina, May 9, 1991.

As part of an ongoing program to examine subcritical flaw growth in candidate steels for proposed coal gasifier pressure vessels, an initial study is made of characteristics of ultralow growth rate fatigue crack propagation in thick-section, normalized 2 1/4 Cr-1Mo pressure vessel steel (ASTM A387, Class 2 Grade 22). Crack propagation data are generated over a wide range of growth rates, from 10−8 to 10−2 mm/cycle, for load ratios between 0.05 and 0.80 at ambient temperatures in low pressure environments of moist air, dry hydrogen gas and dry argon gas. Particular emphasis is placed on behavior at near-threshold growth rates, below 10−6 mm/cycle, approaching the so-called threshold stress intensity for fatigue crack growth, ΔK0. Near-threshold growth rates, in addition to showing a marked sensitivity to load ratio, are found to be significantly enhanced in gaseous hydrogen compared to air. Similar environmentally-enhanced growth is observed in argon gas. To account for such results, previous models of threshold behavior based on environmental factors (e.g., hydrogen embrittlement) are questioned, and a new approach is presented in terms of the role of oxide debris from moist environments in promoting crack closure. This oxide-induced closure model is found to be consistent with most experimental observations of near-threshold fatigue crack propagation behavior and is proposed as a mechanism for environmental effects at ultra-low growth rates.

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An Ultrastructural Comparison of Hepatocytes from ADH+ and ADH−Peromyscus Maniculatus

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100162612 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 54 ◽

pp. 30-31

Author(s):

J. T. Ellzey ◽

D. Borunda ◽

B. P. Stewart

Keyword(s):

South Carolina ◽

Adult Male ◽

Uranyl Acetate ◽

Model System ◽

Deer Mice ◽

En Bloc ◽

Genetic Stock ◽

Hepes Buffer ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Color Scanner

Genetically alcohol deficient deer mice (ADHN/ADHN) (obtained from the Peromyscus Genetic Stock Center, Univ. of South Carolina) lack hepatic cytosolic alcohol dehydrogenase. In order to determine if these deer mice would provide a model system for an ultrastructural study of the effects of ethanol on hepatocyte organelles, 75 micrographs of ADH+ adult male deer mice (n=5) were compared with 75 micrographs of ADH− adult male deer mice (n=5). A morphometric analysis of mitochondrial and peroxisomal parameters was undertaken.The livers were perfused with 0.1M HEPES buffer followed by 0.25% glutaraldehyde and 2% sucrose in 0.1M HEPES buffer (4C), removed, weighed and fixed by immersion in 2.5% glutaraldehyde in 0.1M HEPES buffer, pH 7.4, followed by a 3,3’ diaminobenzidine (DAB) incubation, postfixation with 2% OsO4, en bloc staining with 1% uranyl acetate in 0.025M maleate-NaOH buffer, dehydrated, embedded in Poly/Bed 812-BDMA epon resin, sectioned and poststained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate. Photographs were taken on a Zeiss EM-10 transmission electron microscope, scanned with a Howtek personal color scanner, analyzed with OPTIMAS 4.02 software on a Gateway2000 4DX2-66V personal computer and stored in Excel 4.0.

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South Carolina Must Support Communication of Inmates With Hearing Loss

ASHA Leader ◽

10.1044/leader.nib3.23062018.12 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (6) ◽

pp. 12-12

Keyword(s):

Hearing Loss ◽

South Carolina

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Use of the AMA Guides in State Workers' Compensation Systems: 2009 Update

Guides Newsletter ◽

10.1001/amaguidesnewsletters.2009.marapr02 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 13-16

Author(s):

Christopher R. Brigham ◽

Jenny Walker

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

North Carolina ◽

South Carolina ◽

South Dakota ◽

Rhode Island ◽

Workers Compensation ◽

Fourth Edition ◽

Sixth Edition ◽

Specific Guideline ◽

Compensation Systems

Abstract The AMAGuides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides) is the most widely used basis for determining impairment and is used in state workers’ compensation systems, federal systems, automobile casualty, and personal injury, as well as by the majority of state workers’ compensation jurisdictions. Two tables summarize the edition of the AMA Guides used and provide information by state. The fifth edition (2000) is the most commonly used edition: California, Delaware, Georgia, Hawaii, Kentucky, New Hampshire, Idaho, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Nevada, North Dakota, Ohio, Vermont, and Washington. Eleven states use the sixth edition (2007): Alaska, Arizona, Louisiana, Mississippi, Montana, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Tennessee, and Wyoming. Eight states still commonly make use of the fourth edition (1993): Alabama, Arkansas, Kansas, Maine, Maryland, South Dakota, Texas, and West Virginia. Two states use the Third Edition, Revised (1990): Colorado and Oregon. Connecticut does not stipulate which edition of the AMA Guides to use. Six states use their own state specific guidelines (Florida, Illinois, Minnesota, New York, North Carolina, and Wisconsin), and six states do not specify a specific guideline (Michigan, Missouri, Nebraska, New Jersey, South Carolina, and Virginia). Statutes may or may not specify which edition of the AMA Guides to use. Some states use their own guidelines for specific problems and use the Guides for other issues.

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