Industrial wastewater contains abundant organic dyes, antibiotics, pesticides,
chemical fertilizers or heavy metal ions, which seriously deteriorate the ecological environment.
Among the practical techniques for reducing water pollution, photocatalysis is a
kind of sustainable solar energy conversion technique for removing organic contaminants.
In this review, the advances in the preparation, modification, and doping of graphitic carbon
nitride (g-C3N4), including non-metal doping, metal doping, dual- or tri-doping, are
introduced firstly. Then, we systematically reviewed the recent progress of g-C3N4/metal
oxide composite photocatalysts, including a g-C3N4/n-type metal oxide, such as TiO2,
ZnO, SnO2, WO3, FexOy, CeO2, V2O5, MoO3, MnO2, Nb2O5, In2O3, and a g-C3N4/p-type
metal oxide, such as Co3O4, Bi2O3, NiO and Cu2O. At last, we summarized the design
principles for preparing heteroatom doped g-C3N4 and g-C3N4/metal oxide composites, and
forecast the promising research directions. The main objective is to provide a guideline for designing highperformance
heteroatom doped g-C3N4 and g-C3N4/metal oxide photocatalysts.