scholarly journals Beyond Imitation, Without Limitations: A Student Music Therapist Supports the Participation and Development of Young People with Profound and Multiple Learning Difficulties in a School Setting

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Conor Clerkin
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Research Question ◽  
School Setting ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Music Therapist ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Complex Needs ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Therapy Sessions

<p>This exploratory study sought to uncover the methods and techniques a student music therapist employed to support the participation of young people with complex needs in a school setting. Individual music therapy sessions were carried out over nine months, and clinical documentation was generated throughout this period. Data sources included clinical notes, a reflective journal, and audiovisual recordings from music therapy sessions. Once a research question had been established, the existing data was reviewed retrospectively through a process of secondary analysis, and both inductive and deductive methods of analysis were employed to enable meaningful interpretations of the data to occur. A process of coding and thematically linking elements of music therapy practice allowed for a model of understanding to emerge, and findings suggest that the behaviours and strategies utilised by the student music therapist to support the young people’s participation in music therapy fell into three thematic groupings: creating a collaborative environment; following and leading; and dynamic flow. Themes are defined and the codes within elaborated upon, with case examples from the data included as appropriate to illustrate their meaning. Findings are discussed, and links are made to the literature in relevant fields. While results cannot be generalised to other settings, it is hoped that the detail and in depth analysis of practice provide a thorough and meaningful insight into the types of interaction that can occur in music therapy with young people with complex needs, and the value of specific supports to participation identified in this research.</p>

scholarly journals Beyond Imitation, Without Limitations: A Student Music Therapist Supports the Participation and Development of Young People with Profound and Multiple Learning Difficulties in a School Setting

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Conor Clerkin
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Research Question ◽  
School Setting ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Music Therapist ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Complex Needs ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Therapy Sessions

<p>This exploratory study sought to uncover the methods and techniques a student music therapist employed to support the participation of young people with complex needs in a school setting. Individual music therapy sessions were carried out over nine months, and clinical documentation was generated throughout this period. Data sources included clinical notes, a reflective journal, and audiovisual recordings from music therapy sessions. Once a research question had been established, the existing data was reviewed retrospectively through a process of secondary analysis, and both inductive and deductive methods of analysis were employed to enable meaningful interpretations of the data to occur. A process of coding and thematically linking elements of music therapy practice allowed for a model of understanding to emerge, and findings suggest that the behaviours and strategies utilised by the student music therapist to support the young people’s participation in music therapy fell into three thematic groupings: creating a collaborative environment; following and leading; and dynamic flow. Themes are defined and the codes within elaborated upon, with case examples from the data included as appropriate to illustrate their meaning. Findings are discussed, and links are made to the literature in relevant fields. While results cannot be generalised to other settings, it is hoped that the detail and in depth analysis of practice provide a thorough and meaningful insight into the types of interaction that can occur in music therapy with young people with complex needs, and the value of specific supports to participation identified in this research.</p>

scholarly journals How did I as a student music therapist, use songwriting techniques to facilitate self-expression with adolescents in a mental health school setting?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Emma Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
School Setting ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Music Therapist ◽  
Clinical Notes ◽  
Therapy Sessions

<p>The purpose of this research was to understand how a student music therapist was able to facilitate self-expression using specific songwriting techniques, during long term and short term, group and individual music therapy sessions. Long term is considered a four-month period of weekly sessions, and short term is considered a single session. This research took place at an educational facility where I was working with adolescents with various mental health issues. In this exegesis, I discuss the various definitions of self-expressions as defined in literature, and consider the ways this relates to songwriting methods chosen and applied during therapy. A qualitative method of research was used, using secondary analysis of data collected from five months of Music Therapy practice. Thematic analysis was applied to clinical notes from sessions, student review statements and personal reflective practitioner journal. I was guided by music therapy literature discussing songwriting that I had been drawing on for the benefit of my practice. My analysis revealed that I developed specifically tailored methods and techniques for individuals and groups, which would begin with how they would like to approach their songwriting. I also found, that alongside more well documented techniques such as lyric writing and composition, improvisation and song planning were of high value to my practice and therefore were included as therapeutic songwriting techniques in my findings.</p>

scholarly journals How did I as a student music therapist, use songwriting techniques to facilitate self-expression with adolescents in a mental health school setting?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Emma Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
School Setting ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Music Therapist ◽  
Clinical Notes ◽  
Therapy Sessions

<p>The purpose of this research was to understand how a student music therapist was able to facilitate self-expression using specific songwriting techniques, during long term and short term, group and individual music therapy sessions. Long term is considered a four-month period of weekly sessions, and short term is considered a single session. This research took place at an educational facility where I was working with adolescents with various mental health issues. In this exegesis, I discuss the various definitions of self-expressions as defined in literature, and consider the ways this relates to songwriting methods chosen and applied during therapy. A qualitative method of research was used, using secondary analysis of data collected from five months of Music Therapy practice. Thematic analysis was applied to clinical notes from sessions, student review statements and personal reflective practitioner journal. I was guided by music therapy literature discussing songwriting that I had been drawing on for the benefit of my practice. My analysis revealed that I developed specifically tailored methods and techniques for individuals and groups, which would begin with how they would like to approach their songwriting. I also found, that alongside more well documented techniques such as lyric writing and composition, improvisation and song planning were of high value to my practice and therefore were included as therapeutic songwriting techniques in my findings.</p>

scholarly journals Coming up trumps: A student music therapist supports young people with high or very high complex special needs to develop the key competencies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Sarah Hall
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Special Needs ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Educational Benefits ◽  
Music Therapist ◽  
School Music ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Key Competencies ◽  
Very High

<p>This exploratory study aimed to discover and highlight the techniques and strategies that supported young people with high or very high complex special needs to develop the key competencies during music therapy sessions at a special school. Music therapy was carried out on an individual basis in a naturalistic manner and clinical notes were produced to record details that seemed important in each session. This data was then reviewed retrospectively in a process known as secondary analysis, employing both deductive and inductive modalities to search for and draw out links to the key competencies. A process of coding data within each key competency category revealed emerging themes and found that a number of musical, verbal and/or physical techniques and strategies supported the five key competencies during therapy. The categories, themes and codes have been defined and described with examples from the data, and a clinical vignette is included for further explanation. The data demonstrated the holistic nature of music therapy in that many techniques and strategies worked to support all five key competencies, even when the focus was a single competency. The findings are discussed with reference to, and in light of, current literature and suggested that the techniques and strategies used within my music therapy practice strongly relate to the key competencies and provide a unique context for their development. It is noted that the findings cannot be generalised to other settings and populations. However, this in-depth study may provide insight into the potential educational benefits and links between music therapy practice and the key competencies for those working with young people who have high or very high complex special needs.</p>

scholarly journals Coming up trumps: A student music therapist supports young people with high or very high complex special needs to develop the key competencies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Sarah Hall
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Special Needs ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Educational Benefits ◽  
Music Therapist ◽  
School Music ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Key Competencies ◽  
Very High

<p>This exploratory study aimed to discover and highlight the techniques and strategies that supported young people with high or very high complex special needs to develop the key competencies during music therapy sessions at a special school. Music therapy was carried out on an individual basis in a naturalistic manner and clinical notes were produced to record details that seemed important in each session. This data was then reviewed retrospectively in a process known as secondary analysis, employing both deductive and inductive modalities to search for and draw out links to the key competencies. A process of coding data within each key competency category revealed emerging themes and found that a number of musical, verbal and/or physical techniques and strategies supported the five key competencies during therapy. The categories, themes and codes have been defined and described with examples from the data, and a clinical vignette is included for further explanation. The data demonstrated the holistic nature of music therapy in that many techniques and strategies worked to support all five key competencies, even when the focus was a single competency. The findings are discussed with reference to, and in light of, current literature and suggested that the techniques and strategies used within my music therapy practice strongly relate to the key competencies and provide a unique context for their development. It is noted that the findings cannot be generalised to other settings and populations. However, this in-depth study may provide insight into the potential educational benefits and links between music therapy practice and the key competencies for those working with young people who have high or very high complex special needs.</p>

scholarly journals How did I use music therapy to foster connections between residents, and between residents and others in a rest home and hospital environment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Colette Jansen
Keyword(s):  
Music Therapy ◽  
Interdisciplinary Collaboration ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Community Music ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Music Therapist ◽  
Rest Home ◽  
Musical Resources ◽  
Therapy Sessions

<p>Abstract  This study is submitted in part fulfilment of a Master of Music Therapy degree through Victoria University of Wellington (VUW). Group and individual music therapy sessions were undertaken within a rest home and hospital environment in response to the rest home managers request to bring residents out of isolation and increase socialisation. Facility notes, plans and observations, meeting notes, and reflective and reflexive journaling were written during a six-month period from February to July 2019. This clinical data was then used, with informed consent, to investigate how music therapy was used to foster connections between residents, and between residents and others within the rest home and hospital environment. Findings from Secondary Analysis of the data showed the overarching category of rapport led to the interplay of four main themes: interdisciplinary collaboration and teamwork, therapeutic approaches, physical and musical resources, and environmental conditions. The Community Music Therapy (CoMT) ethos supported the flexible work within the context to achieve the manager’s goals resulting in increased connection between residents, and residents and others. The use of reflexivity enabled the development of richer therapeutic relationships and helped align the researcher’s community musician skills to those of a community music therapist. Further studies which focus on rapport, connection and relationships, in music therapy with older people, are needed.</p>

scholarly journals How did I use music therapy to foster connections between residents, and between residents and others in a rest home and hospital environment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Colette Jansen
Keyword(s):  
Music Therapy ◽  
Interdisciplinary Collaboration ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Community Music ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Music Therapist ◽  
Rest Home ◽  
Musical Resources ◽  
Therapy Sessions

<p>Abstract  This study is submitted in part fulfilment of a Master of Music Therapy degree through Victoria University of Wellington (VUW). Group and individual music therapy sessions were undertaken within a rest home and hospital environment in response to the rest home managers request to bring residents out of isolation and increase socialisation. Facility notes, plans and observations, meeting notes, and reflective and reflexive journaling were written during a six-month period from February to July 2019. This clinical data was then used, with informed consent, to investigate how music therapy was used to foster connections between residents, and between residents and others within the rest home and hospital environment. Findings from Secondary Analysis of the data showed the overarching category of rapport led to the interplay of four main themes: interdisciplinary collaboration and teamwork, therapeutic approaches, physical and musical resources, and environmental conditions. The Community Music Therapy (CoMT) ethos supported the flexible work within the context to achieve the manager’s goals resulting in increased connection between residents, and residents and others. The use of reflexivity enabled the development of richer therapeutic relationships and helped align the researcher’s community musician skills to those of a community music therapist. Further studies which focus on rapport, connection and relationships, in music therapy with older people, are needed.</p>

scholarly journals Attachment theory and music therapy: What was the relevance of attachment theory to a student’s music therapy programme for ‘at-risk’ mothers and their babies?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Helen Ridley
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Attachment Theory ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Education Programme ◽  
Music Therapist ◽  
Student Placement ◽  
Positive Mother ◽  
Qualitative Secondary Analysis ◽  
Therapy Programme

<p>This qualitative secondary analysis research project sought to explore the relevance of attachment theory as it might apply to a music therapy programme set up and run within a residential service for ‘at risk’ mothers and their babies. The explicit purpose of the music therapy programme was to assist the mothers in bonding with their babies. The researcher was a student music therapist on placement at the facility, involved in weekly one-to-one sessions with a total of nineteen young women and their babies, over the time that each was resident at the facility. The music therapist also ran some weekly group sessions (mothers with babies) as part of the facility’s mandatory education programme. The music therapy programme took place over twenty-two weeks, with a two week break after the first ten weeks. The research analysis commenced on completion of the programme. Thematic analysis was used to look at two types of data; data from the placement (including clinical notes and personal reflective journal), and literature on attachment theory. There was an initial review of selected literature on attachment theory and music therapy. The researcher/student music therapist then carried out an inductive qualitative secondary analysis of the data that had been generated as a standard part of her practice over the period of the student placement. This was followed by a further examination of attachment theory literature to confirm key aspects of the theory. The findings from the inductive analysis were then looked at in the light of those identified key features of attachment theory. The research findings showed many strong links between key concepts of attachment theory, and the patterns that emerged from the placement data, manifesting on a number of different levels. However some patterns might be more usefully explained and/or elucidated by other theories. Findings suggested that attachment theory provided a useful framework and language for observing and understanding the interactive behaviours and external and personal structures that appeared to work for or against mother-infant bonding. In addition, the music therapy programme seemed a particularly suitable vehicle for promoting positive mother-infant bonding. However it was found that although the music therapy programme may have been helpful in a positive mother-infant bonding process, there was no evidence to suggest that this would necessarily extend to promoting a secure attachment relationship, given the personal, structural and legal factors associated with the high ‘at-risk’ context. An attachment-based music therapy programme may well have a more useful role to play in a lower risk context where mothers and babies remained for longer in the facility, and where the programme could continue throughout the women’s transition into the community and beyond.</p>

scholarly journals Learning to be Mindful: An Exploratory Study into the Perceived Benefits of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Training for a Music Therapy Student

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Jessica O. M. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Music Therapy ◽  
Stress Reduction ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Mindfulness Training ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Perceived Benefits ◽  
Complex Needs ◽  
Therapy Training ◽  
Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction ◽  
Clinical Records

<p>Mindfulness training has become very popular in recent years and has proven successful for reducing anxiety and depression and enhancing coping skills (amongst other benefits). This research project explores the perceived benefits of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) training on a music therapy student working with young people with complex needs in special education. Secondary analysis of clinical records (session notes and a reflexive journal) was employed and included the use of both inductive and deductive methods of analysis. Five themes were developed (framed as themes of learning) including: Presence, Non-striving, Beginner’s Mind, Acceptance, and Patience with a final key finding being the effect of modelling to the students. Findings showed these benefits emerging through a journey from early data (before MBSR training) to later data (after MBSR training) and suggest that mindfulness training can be beneficial for both music therapy students and (indirectly) to those they work with. The themes and perceived benefits proved very interconnected with each relating to several others and ‘Being Present’ emerging as an over-arching theme. Similarities between benefits discovered and certain principles of music therapy were discussed and whether the benefits found may have occurred naturally through the course of music therapy training amongst other factors of change and natural growth.</p>

scholarly journals Clinical observations of live improvisational harp music in neonatal intensive care

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Roxanne McLeod ◽  
Kaye Spence
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Units ◽  
Music Therapist ◽  
Therapy Program ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Live Music ◽  
Experienced Nurse ◽  
Therapy Sessions

The use of Music Therapy (MT) in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU) has received growing attention through an increasing body of research.  MT research in NICUs have shown benefits in the use of both recorded and live music, a recent study has indicated that live music produces more beneficial outcomes in some domains, and is often perceived as more beneficial by parents. As part of the developmental program in a NICU, music therapy by a Registered Music Therapist was implemented for long-stay infants and their families. The live music therapy sessions using a Reverie Harp were simultaneously observed by a health professional who was a certified NIDCAP Professional. A series of infants were observed with music played to their individual responses. The behavioral observations and the responses to the music were consistent with supportive regulation by the infants. Music therapy specifically targeted at longer stay infants was shown to be calming and enabled the infants to regulate their behavior. A planned music therapy program for neonates and their parents in collaboration with an experienced nurse enables the identification of infants and their families who may benefit from the program.  Key Words NICU, music therapy, live music, NIDCAP, Neonate

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