scholarly journals Tachinid flies (Diptera: Tachinidae, Tachininae) – parasites of insect pests

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
T. O. Markova ◽  
M. V. Маslov ◽  
N. V. Repsh ◽  
A. S. Sakhnov
Keyword(s):  
Larval Stage ◽  
Spodoptera Exigua ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Trophic Relations ◽  
Trees And Shrubs ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

The study area included 127 species of parasites from the Tachininae subfamily (Diptera: Tachinidae) belonging to 53 genera and 14 tribes. The study was conducted in 2008-2018 in Primorsky Territory. Presently the list of tachinid fl ies with known hosts is made up of 52 species (40.9% of the total number). The Tachininae parasitize insect orders of Lepidoptera (86.6% of the total number of species with known data), Coleoptera (9.6%), Diptera (1.9%), Dermaptera (1.9%). Among representatives of Lepidoptera, species of Noctuidae (34.1%), Lymantriidae (10.7%) and Tortricidae (9.2%) families prevail. During the study, 28 host species of tachinids fl ies were revealed in the Lepidoptera order which are pests of agricultural crops, park, garden and forest vegetation. These insects, in the larval stage, feed on leaves, flower buds, flowers and fruits of trees and shrubs. They also damage fruit trees, park plants, sown seedlings, grain crops, basal parts and stems of vegetables. In the order of Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae family, 3 species are classifi ed as pests.It is for the fi rst time that the information was given on parasitizing of Тachina fera L. in caterpillars Spodoptera exigua Hbn. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Parhamaxia discalis Mesn. in imago Holotrichia parallela Motsch. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), Hamaxia incongrua Walk. in imago Gametis jucunda (Fald.) and Anomala luculenta Er. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), Mikia tepens Walk. in caterpillars Lymantria dispar L. (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae). The study of the fauna of Tachinidae and trophic relations in the larval stage is of great scientifi c and practical importance in the fi ght against insect pests of agriculture and forestry.

Role of Woodpeckers in Control of the Codling Moth in Nova Scotia

1958 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. MacLellan
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Insect Control ◽  
Forest Trees ◽  
Agricultural Crops

The value of woodpeckers in insect control has been recognized by entomologists for many years. Woodpeckers seek out and destroy many of the hidden insect pests of forest, shade and fruit trees and in the stalks or stems of agricultural crops. In forest trees, these birds have been reported destroying buprestid larvae and prepupae (1, 4, 16), cerambycid larvae and pupae (9, 10), and scolytid beetles (11-15, 18).

scholarly journals Efficacy of the parasitoid, Trichogrammatoidea bactrae Nagaraja (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) on the cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) egg masses

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hend O. Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Littoralis ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Great Ability ◽  
Egg Masses ◽  
Cotton Leafworm ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Trichogrammatoidea Bactrae

Abstract Background The Egyptian cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is one of the major insect pests, causing a significant damage on different cultivated agricultural crops. Developing an alternative non-chemical tool, an effective and environmentally friendly method to suppress pest's infestation is essentially needed. Therefore, biological control by releasing the egg parasitoids could be the most promising tool for integrated pest management. Results This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of the egg parasitoid, Trichogrammatoidea bactrae Nagaraja (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) as a bio-control agent against S. littoralis egg masses with different physical characteristics (number of egg layer and degree of scale density) in a no-choice and choice tests, under laboratory conditions. Also, the parasitoids’ fitness in terms of parasitism percentage, developmental period, adults’ emergence percentage, female offspring percentage, and longevity were investigated. The results revealed that T. bactrae wasps had a great ability to parasitize S. littoralis egg masses, but with different rates, related to their layers and scales’ thickness in both tests. The highest parasitism percentage was observed on one-layer eggs, followed by two layers. However, 3-layer eggs were the least preferable one. High numbers of adult emergencies (> 80%) were observed in all tested egg masses, except in the case of 3 layers with high scales. Furthermore, female-biased sex ratios were noticed at all examined eggs, with only the exception of high-scaly eggs with a single layer that recorded the lowest rate (≤ 45%). Besides, the survival of adult female parasitoids was not significantly affected in both tests. Conclusions T. bactrae could be used as a bio-control agent against S. littoralis egg masses with different physical characteristics based on the achieved results.

Insect Pests of Shorea robusta Gaertn. f. : An Update

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-322
Author(s):  
N. Roychoudhury
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
North India ◽  
White Grubs ◽  
Insect Fauna ◽  
Living Tree ◽  
Shorea Robusta ◽  
Damage Seed ◽  
Indian Origin ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Shorea robusta Gaertn. f. (Dipterocarpaceae), commonly known as sal, is one of the most important timbers of India both ecologically and economically. It is of Indian origin, widely distributed in central and north India and constitutes an important ecosystem, which provides cool and calm environment rich in biodiversity. This tree species has a highest number of insect fauna among the forest trees. Of about 346 insects recorded on sal, about 155 species of insects belonging to the order Lepidoptera (105), Coleoptera (31), Thysanoptera (9), Hemiptera (4), Orthoptera (4), Ephemeroptera (1) and Isoptera (1) are associated with living tree. The major insect pests of sal are, ‘seed and seedling borer’ Pammene theristis Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Eucosmidae), feeding on seed while they are on the tree; Sitophilus rugicollis Casey (Coleoptera : Curculionidae), damage seed either on the forest floor or during storage; white grubs such as Holotrichia spp. (Coleoptera : Scarabaeidae), which feed on the root system of the plants in nurseries and beetles feed on the foliage; defoliators such as Caviria sericea Moore (Lepidoptera : Lymantriidae), Lymantria mathura Moore (Lepidoptera : Lymantriidae), Paectes subapicalis Walker (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae), Trabala vishnou Lefebvre (Lepidoptera : Lasiocampidae), which feed on the leaves; stem borer such as Hoplocerambyx spinicornis Newman (Coleoptera : Cerambycidae) and sap sucker, such as Drosicha stebbingi Green (Hemiptera : Coccidae). Termites, such as Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren (Isoptera : Rhinotermitidae) and timber borers, such as Sinoxylon anale and S. crassum (Coleoptera : Bostrychidae), damage sal timber in dying, felled or stored logs in depots.

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