scholarly journals First Record of Infectious Haematopoietic Necrosis Virus in Rainbow Trout Fry in Croatia

2007 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Vardić ◽  
D. Kapetanović ◽  
Z. Teskeredžić ◽  
E. Teskeredžić
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Virus Detection ◽  
First Record ◽  
Necrosis Virus ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Glycoprotein Gene ◽  
Phylogenetic Comparison ◽  
Infected Farm ◽  
Polymerase Chain

The paper describes the first diagnosis of infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) in Croatia. The viral causative agent was detected in pooled organ samples from the imported rainbow trout fry on the fish farm. Reverse transcriptase - semi-nested polymerase chain reaction (RT- snPCR) was applied directly on the infected tissue for rapid virus detection. After isolation on cell cultures, IHNV isolate was characterised on the basis of the 303 nt region of the glycoprotein gene (Mid-G) sequence. Phylogenetic comparison to North American and European IHNV isolates revealed that this Croatian isolate belongs to the M genogroup, confirming the prediction of the M genogroup origin of European IHNV isolates. The introduction of the virus presents a threat of further spreading of the disease in Croatia, as the infected farm is in a direct contact with the open waters.

scholarly journals Squash vein yellowing virus Detection Using Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction Demonstrates that the Cucurbit Weed Momordica charantia Is a Reservoir Host

Plant Disease ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 92 (7) ◽  
pp. 1119-1123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Adkins ◽  
Susan E. Webb ◽  
Carlye A. Baker ◽  
Chandrasekar S. Kousik
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Nested Pcr ◽  
Virus Detection ◽  
Reservoir Host ◽  
Momordica Charantia ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Vine Decline ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Yellowing Virus

Squash vein yellowing virus (SqVYV) is a recently described ipomovirus from cucurbits in Florida that induces the relatively unusual symptoms in watermelon of plant death and fruit rind necrosis and discoloration, commonly known in Florida as watermelon vine decline. In this report, SqVYV infection of Momordica charantia (Balsam-apple), a common cucurbit weed, collected in 2005 and 2007 from within or adjacent to fields of declining watermelon, is demonstrated through the use of nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). M. charantia plants located in or around fallow watermelon fields between spring and fall 2007 watermelon crops were also infected with SqVYV, indicating that this weed can serve as an oversummering host for this virus. Furthermore, whiteflies were able to acquire SqVYV from infected M. charantia and transmit it to squash and watermelon. Nested PCR was 10 to 1,000 times more sensitive than non-nested PCR for SqVYV detection in several cucurbit hosts, including M. charantia and watermelon. Melothria pendula (creeping cucumber), another common cucurbit weed, was experimentally infected with SqVYV. These results suggest that improved management of M. charantia and other cucurbit weeds needs to be incorporated into watermelon vine decline management plans to reduce sources of SqVYV and other cucurbit viruses.

scholarly journals The First Record of Zoonotic Genes of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis among Human, Dogs, and Sandflies by Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction and Phylogenetic Analyses

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (A) ◽  
pp. 610-621
Author(s):  
Rasha Alsaad ◽  
May Hameed
Keyword(s):  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
First Record ◽  
Zoonotic Diseases ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Middle East Countries ◽  
Skin Biopsies ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Genus Leishmania

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is one of the zoonotic diseases that is caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania. The study aimed to diagnosed CL in human, dogs, and sandflies by PCR, and identification the zoonotic gene of CL by the nested PCR technique. A total of 100 patients with CL, 237 of owned-dogs, and 147 females sandflies collected. (88%) of humans samples, (95.77% skin biopsies and 20.69% of blood samples) of dogs, and (40.58%) of sandflies tissues were positive for L. major, while L. tropica infection was positive in (12%) of humans, in (4.23% symptomatic, and 6.89% asymptomatic) of dogs, and in (27.54%) of sandflies samples. The sequence ID of the local L. major in human were registered in NCBI as (MW421598.1, MW421599.1, MW421600.1), in dogs (MW421601.1, MW421602.1, MW421603.1), and sandflies (MW421604.1, MW421605.1, MW421606.1). While L. tropica in human were registered in NCBI as (MW421604.1, MW421605.1, MW421606.1), in dogs (MW421428.1, MW421429.1), and in sandflies (MW421430.1, MW421431.1). To our knowledge, this is the first study that contributes to the diagnosis of CL spp. in three different hosts (human, dogs, and sandflies) at the same time, particularly in Iraq and in Middle East countries.

Using a Polymerase Chain Reaction as a Complementary Test to Improve the Detection of Dermatophyte Fungus in Nails

2014 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
María José Iglesias Sánchez ◽  
Ana María Pérez Pico ◽  
Félix Marcos Tejedor ◽  
María Jesús Iglesias Sánchez ◽  
Raquel Mayordomo Acevedo
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Classical Method ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Traditional Procedure ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Background Dermatomycoses are a group of pathologic abnormalities frequently seen in clinical practice, and their prevalence has increased in recent decades. Diagnostic confirmation of mycotic infection in nails is essential because there are several pathologic conditions with similar clinical manifestations. The classical method for confirming the presence of fungus in nail is microbiological culture and the identification of morphological structures by microscopy. Methods We devised a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) that amplifies specific DNA sequences of dermatophyte fungus that is notably faster than the 3 to 4 weeks that the traditional procedure takes. We compared this new technique and the conventional plate culture method in 225 nail samples. The results were subjected to statistical analysis. Results We found concordance in 78.2% of the samples analyzed by the two methods and increased sensitivity when simultaneously using the two methods to analyze clinical samples. Now we can confirm the presence of dermatophyte fungus in most of the positive samples in just 24 hours, and we have to wait for the result of culture only in negative PCR cases. Conclusions Although this PCR cannot, at present, substitute for the traditional culture method in the detection of dermatophyte infection of the nails, it can be used as a complementary technique because its main advantage lies in the significant reduction of time used for diagnosis, in addition to higher sensitivity.

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