scholarly journals Series Type Vertical Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetlands for Dairy Farm Wastewater Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 292-303
Author(s):  
Julius Cezar A. Galve ◽  
Marloe Baclayon Sundo ◽  
Donny Rey D. Camus ◽  
Victor Mikael N. De Padua ◽  
Richard Dean F. Morales
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Fecal Coliform ◽  
Subsurface Flow ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Series Type ◽  
Farm Wastewater

Agricultural and livestock farms are the major sources of freshwater pollution in rural areas in the Philippines.  Small and unregulated dairy farms operate without appropriate wastewater treatment before discharge because it is too expensive to do so. With this scenario, the emergence of the need for a sustainable and cheaper alternative for wastewater treatment gave rise to the research and development studies of the efficiency of constructed wetlands. The study aims to analyze the treatment efficiency of series type vertical subsurface flow constructed wetlands planted with Napier Grass (Pennisetum Purpureum Schumach) on University of the Philippines Los Baños (UPLB) Dairy Farm wastewater with a focus on fecal coliform concentration, electric conductivity, total dissolved solids content, nitrite and nitrate concentration and pH level. The study showed that after treatment using the vertical subsurface flow constructed wetlands, all the parameters except the fecal coliform concentration were below the standard limits set by the Department of Agriculture with average removal efficiencies of 12.94% on Electric Conductivity (EC), 12.86% on Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), 216.44% on Nitrite (NO2-N), -125.64% on Nitrate (NO3-N), and -25.64% on Fecal Coliforms (FC). With the results of the analysis, a design of series type vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland for dairy farm wastewater treatment is suggested. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091654 Full Text: PDF

scholarly journals Wastewater treatment in horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands using different media (setup stage)

Water Science ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdel Razik A. Zidan ◽  
Mahmoud M. El-Gamal ◽  
Ahmed Ali Rashed ◽  
Mohamed Ahmed Abd El-Hady Eid
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Subsurface Flow ◽  
Horizontal Subsurface Flow ◽  
Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetlands

Reciprocating constructed wetlands for treating industrial, municipal and agricultural wastewater

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 399-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Behrends ◽  
L. Houke ◽  
E. Bailey ◽  
P. Jansen ◽  
D. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Subsurface Flow ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Operating Technique ◽  
Tennessee Valley ◽  
Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetlands

Scientists at the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA), and in collaboration with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), are continuing to develop and refine an innovative wastewater treatment system referred to as reciprocating subsurface-flow constructed wetlands. Reciprocation relates to patented improvements in the design and operation of paired subsurface-flow constructed wetlands, such that contiguous cells are filled and drained on a frequent and recurrent basis. This operating technique turns the entire wetland system into a fixed-film biological reactor, in which it is possible to control redox potential in alternating aerobic and anaerobic zones. Reciprocating systems enable manipulation of wastewater treatment functions by controlling such parameters as hydraulic retention time, frequency of reciprocation, reciprocation cycle time, depth of reciprocation, and size and composition of substrate. These improved wetland technologies have been used for treating municipal/domestic wastewater, high strength animal wastewater, and mixed wastewater streams containing acids, recalcitrant compounds, solvents, antifreeze compounds, heavy metals, explosives, and fertilizer nutrients. Results from selected treatability studies and field demonstrations will be summarized with respect to conceptual design and treatment efficacy.

Subsurface-flow constructed wetlands treatment in the plains: five years of experience

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 375-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.F. Dahab ◽  
R.Y. Surampalli
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Fecal Coliform ◽  
Subsurface Flow ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Variable Loading ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Removal Rates ◽  
Sand Filter ◽  
Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetlands

This paper documents the performance of a subsurface-flow constructed wetlands system during its initial five years of operation under variable loading and operating conditions associated with a northern midwestern US climate. The results indicate that effective and sufficient CW seasonal removals of TSS, VSS, CBOD5, COD, and fecal coliform were achieved. Wastewater temperatures seemed to affect CBOD5 and COD removal rates. Nitrogen and phosphorus reductions were not as effective and varied seasonally, as well as with wastewater temperature. The addition of a sand filter, to aid in further nitrification and disinfection following CW treatment, markedly improved the performance of the wetlands system. After a few years of operation, the remarkable performance of the CW system was dampened by apparent clogging and subsequent eruption of wastewater at the head-end of the treatment cells. While clogging was partially caused by biomass build-up in the wetlands substrate, visual observations suggest that excessive vegetation coupled with relaxed maintenance may also be responsible for clogging.

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