Assessment of a feed additive consisting of all‐rac‐alpha‐tocopheryl acetate (vitamin E) for all animal species for the renewal of its authorisation (Jilin Beisha Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd)

It has been amply demonstrated by scientific experimentation that selenium (Se) and vitamin E are essential micronutrients required for the good health of animals throughout their life cycle and for the attainment of high levels of production. In Canada there is widespread occurrence of Se/vitamin E responsive diseases in livestock, causing substantial financial losses to animal producers. As the Se and vitamin E contents of feed ingredients and their effective availabilities vary widely, a continuous supply of an active form of these micronutrients to farm animals is required. Published data suggest that for prepared swine and chicken diets there is a need for supplementation with at least 0.1 ppm Se (from sodium selenate or selenite) and 10 ppm α-tocopheryl acetate. Turkeys appear to require dietary additions of 0.2 ppm Se and 10 ppm vitamin E. For beef cattle and sheep, either on the range or in confinement, "selenized" salt, mineral mixes, or mineral blocks appear at this time to be the preferred method for providing additional Se. Presently available data indicate that 26 ppm Se is an effective level in salt mixes for prevention of muscular dystrophy. It was estimated from recent published data on the Se content of Canadian food items that the provision of Se supplements to livestock, as described, would have a negligible influence on the average daily intake of Se by the Canadian public, thereby precluding controversy over any beneficial or detrimental role of the element in humans. The amount of Se that would be recycled through the animal excreta–soil–plant–human food chain was exceedingly small.

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Simultaneous liquid-chromatographic determination of vitamin K1 and vitamin E in serum.

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1093/clinchem/35.12.2285 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 35 (12) ◽

pp. 2285-2289 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

B E Cham ◽

H P Roeser ◽

T W Kamst

Keyword(s):

Vitamin E ◽

Human Serum ◽

High Performance ◽

Chromatographic Determination ◽

High Performance Liquid Chromatographic ◽

Tocopheryl Acetate ◽

Vitamin K1 ◽

Chromatographic Procedure ◽

Liquid Chromatographic Determination ◽

Liquid Chromatographic

Abstract We describe a high-performance liquid chromatographic procedure for the simultaneous measurement of vitamins K1 and E in human serum. Delipidated human serum (free of vitamins K1 and E) was used to make standard solutions of these vitamins, and cetyl naphthoate and alpha-tocopheryl acetate were the internal standards for vitamin K1 and vitamin E, respectively. A simple, novel separation method utilizing liquid-liquid partition chromatography was used as a preparative "clean-up" procedure. Cetyl naphthoate and vitamin K1 (after post-column reduction) were detected by fluorescence, alpha-tocopheryl acetate and vitamin E by ultraviolet absorption. Sensitivity (detection limit) of the assay was 30 pg for vitamin K1 and 5 ng for vitamin E per injection. The method is specific, precise, and more rapid than previously described procedures. Within- and between-assay CVs were 8.1% and 12.9%, respectively, for vitamin K1; 3.5% and 6.0%, respectively, for vitamin E. Analytical recoveries of vitamins K1 and E were 80% and 93%, respectively, from serum and from delipidated serum (standards). The average neonatal serum concentration of vitamin K1 was 83 ng/L, 2.5 mg/L for vitamin E; for normolipidemic adults, the values were 343 ng/L and 7.9 mg/L, respectively, and for hyperlipidemic adults, 541 ng/L and 11.1 mg/L, respectively.

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Colorimetric determination of tocopheryl acetate (vitamin E) in pure form and in multi-vitamin capsules

European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics ◽

10.1016/s0939-6411(00)00148-x ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 51 (3) ◽

pp. 267-272 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

A Amin

Keyword(s):

Vitamin E ◽

Pure Form ◽

Tocopheryl Acetate ◽

Colorimetric Determination

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Retrolental Fibroplasia: Further Clinical Evidence and Ultrastructural Support for Efficacy of Vitamin E in the Preterm Infant

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.71.3.423 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 71 (3) ◽

pp. 423-432 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Helen Mintz Hittner ◽

Louis B. Godio ◽

Michael E. Speer ◽

Arnold J. Rudolph ◽

Martha M. Taylor ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Vitamin E ◽

Gap Junction ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Plasma Membranes ◽

Tocopheryl Acetate ◽

Plasma Vitamin ◽

Retrolental Fibroplasia ◽

Spindle Cells

To further evaluate the efficacy of oral vitamin E in preventing the development of severe retrolental fibroplasia (RLF) in very low-birth-weight infants, 100 infants treated with 100 mg/kg/d of vitamin E (dl-α-tocopheryl acetate) were compared with 75 infants treated with 5 mg/kg/d of vitamin E (dl-α-tocopherol) in the same nursery during the previous year. All 175 infants weighed ≤1,500 g at birth and required supplemental oxygen. A total of 120 infants (69 treatment; 51 control) survived ≥ 10 weeks. Multivariate analysis of the control population identified five risk factors (P ≤ .10): gestational age, level and duration of oxygen administration, intraventricular hemorrhage, sepsis, and birth weight. When multivariate analysis was applied to both control and treatment groups, the severity of RLF was found to be significantly reduced in infants given the treatment dose of vitamin E(P = .003). Ultrastructural analyses of 58 pairs of whole-eye donations from high-risk infants surviving less than 10 weeks suggest that the initial morphologic event is gap junction increases between the plasma membranes of adjacent spindle cells of the vanguard retina. Such extensively gap junction-linked spindle cells are apparently removed from the vasoformative process as early as 4 days of life, forming a barrier to further normal vascular development and triggering retinal and vitreal neovascularizations approximately 8 weeks later. These events are maximally suppressed by elevated plasma vitamin E levels in infants ≥27 weeks gestational age.

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