SUBTROPICAL WATER MASSES IN HALMAHERA WATERS

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadikusumah Hadikusumah
Keyword(s):  
North Pacific ◽  
Water Mass ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
Water Masses ◽  
Intermediate Water ◽  
Average Depth ◽  
North Pacific Intermediate Water ◽  
Subtropical Water ◽  
Salinity Water ◽  
Temperature Depth

Research of water masses by using conductivity temperature depth (CTD), are conducted in the eastern path of the Indonesia Throughflow (ITF) in the Halmahera, Seram and Banda seas during March-April 2007 under the Expedition of Widya Nusantara (EWIN). The objective of this research is to see maximum salinity spread of South Pacific Subtropical Water (SPSW) water masses enter the eastern Indonesia Waters. The temperature and salinity profiles show the presence of the presence of SPSW have been very much confined to the Halmahera Sea only. Little of this water masses have been detected in the eastern Seram Sea, but none in Banda Sea. Early data of Arlindo Mixing (ARMIX) experiment in southeast monsoon 1993 indicated that this water masses SPSW may entered the southern most part of the Moluccas Sea. Type of South Pacific Subtropical Water (SPSW) water masses appears in the Halmahera Sea at an average depth of 200m and the dominant flows between Halmahera and Obi Islands (Moluccas Sea continues to the east). Type of South Pacific Intermediate Water (SPIW) water mass appeared on average Halmahera Sea at a depth of 750m and the dominant flows between Halmahera and Obi Islands (Moluccas Sea continues to the east). Type of North Pacific Subtropical Water (NPSW) water masses at an average depth of ~ 150m found in the northern part of Halmahera, the dominant flow to the Celebes Sea, Makassar Strait, Flores Sea and partly flows into Lombok Straits. Type of minimum salinity water mass of North Pacific Intermediate Water (NPIW) obtained at an average depth of ~ 400m dominant flow towards the Celebes Sea, Makassar Strait and Flores Sea.Keywords: maximum salinity, SPSW, Halmahera, Seram, and Banda Seas

scholarly journals SUBTROPICAL WATER MASSES IN HALMAHERA WATERS

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadikusumah Hadikusumah
Keyword(s):  
North Pacific ◽  
Water Mass ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
Water Masses ◽  
Intermediate Water ◽  
Average Depth ◽  
North Pacific Intermediate Water ◽  
Subtropical Water ◽  
Salinity Water ◽  
Temperature Depth

<p>Research of water masses by using conductivity temperature depth (CTD), are conducted in the eastern path of the Indonesia Throughflow (ITF) in the Halmahera, Seram and Banda seas during March-April 2007 under the Expedition of Widya Nusantara (EWIN). The objective of this research is to see maximum salinity spread of South Pacific Subtropical Water (SPSW) water masses enter the eastern Indonesia Waters. The temperature and salinity profiles show the presence of the presence of SPSW have been very much confined to the Halmahera Sea only. Little of this water masses have been detected in the eastern Seram Sea, but none in Banda Sea. Early data of Arlindo Mixing (ARMIX) experiment in southeast monsoon 1993 indicated that this water masses SPSW may entered the southern most part of the Moluccas Sea. Type of South Pacific Subtropical Water (SPSW) water masses appears in the Halmahera Sea at an average depth of 200m and the dominant flows between Halmahera and Obi Islands (Moluccas Sea continues to the east). Type of South Pacific Intermediate Water (SPIW) water mass appeared on average Halmahera Sea at a depth of 750m and the dominant flows between Halmahera and Obi Islands (Moluccas Sea continues to the east). Type of North Pacific Subtropical Water (NPSW) water masses at an average depth of ~ 150m found in the northern part of Halmahera, the dominant flow to the Celebes Sea, Makassar Strait, Flores Sea and partly flows into Lombok Straits. Type of minimum salinity water mass of North Pacific Intermediate Water (NPIW) obtained at an average depth of ~ 400m dominant flow towards the Celebes Sea, Makassar Strait and Flores Sea.</p><p>Keywords: maximum salinity, SPSW, Halmahera, Seram, and Banda Seas</p>

scholarly journals Analisis Diagram T-S Berdasarkan Parameter Oseanografis di Perairan Selat Lombok. SOIJST Vol. 1(1):103-129

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loecky Harvianto
Keyword(s):  
North Pacific ◽  
Vertical Mixing ◽  
Water Masses ◽  
Intermediate Water ◽  
North Pacific Intermediate Water ◽  
Subtropical Water ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Temperature Depth

Research of water masses by using conductivity temperature depth are conducted in the Lombok Strait during September 2014 under the Cruise SITE Leg II to Lombok Strait. The aim of the research is to investigate Temperature-Salinity Diagram based on oceanographic parameters in Lombok Strait. Temperature-Salinity Diagram shows the origin of the water masses across Lombok Strait. The results of this research shows water masses across Lombok Strait comes from North Pacific Subtropical Water (NPSW) on ~ 150 m depth and North Pacific Intermediate Water (NPIW) on ~ 400 m depth. The differences values of salinity reference and salinity measurement indicates the properties of NPSW and NPIW are dynamic, verified by the number of salinity reference is 34,55 Psu on ~ 150 m depth, whereas the salinity number of five station in order are 34,63 Psu; 34,65 Psu; 34,65 Psu; 34,57 Psu; 34,52 Psu. The difference of salinity number caused by strong vertical mixing in Indonesian waters.

Stratifikasi Massa Air di Teluk Lasolo, Sulawesi Tenggara

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Dewi Surinati ◽  
Edi Kusmanto
Keyword(s):  
North Pacific ◽  
Water Mass ◽  
Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Water Masses ◽  
Intermediate Water ◽  
North Pacific Intermediate Water ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Current Profiler ◽  
Salinity Data

<strong>Stratification of Water Mass in Lasolo Bay, Southeast Sulawesi.</strong> As a nature conservation area, Lasolo Bay should be supported by data and information of waters oceanographic. Research for stratification of water masses in Lasolo Bay was conducted. from 10 to 19 July 2011. Temperature and salinity data were obtained using CTD SBE 911 Plus preinstalled on Research Vessel Baruna Jaya VIII at intervals of 24 data per second. Current data were obtained using Vessel Mounted Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (VMADCP) with an interval of two seconds. The results show that there are differences in the speed and direction of currents in the water column that lead to stratification of water masses. Currents that drove the water mass of Banda Sea into Lasolo Bay was caused by southeasterly winds with an average speed of 4.1 m/s. At depths of 0–50 m and 100–200 m the current dominance occurs to the northwest, while at depths of 50–100 m and 200–350 m it occurs to the south. The water mass with a salinity of 32.1–34.0 PSU and temperature 26–28°C occupied the surface layer (0–50 m). The water mass with a salinity of 34.4–34.5 PSU identified as the water mass of North Pacific Intermediate Water (NPIW) occupied two depths, i.e. 50–100 m and 200–350 m with different range of temperatures. The water mass with maximum salinity (34.5–34.6 PSU), identified as the water mass of North Pacific Subtropical Water (NPSW) also occupied two depths i.e. 100–200 m and 350 m until near the bottom with different range of temperatures<br /><br />

scholarly journals WATER MASSES CHARACTERISTICS AT THE SANGHIE TALAUD ENTRY PASSAGE OF INDONESIAN THROUGHFLOW USING INDEX SATAL DATA 2010

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivonne M Radjawane ◽  
Paundra P Hadipoetranto
Keyword(s):  
North Pacific ◽  
Water Mass ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Core Layer ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Water Masses ◽  
Coastal Current ◽  
Indonesian Throughflow ◽  
Pacific Water

<p><strong><em>ABSTRACT</em></strong></p> <p><em>Measurement of ocean physical param</em><em>eter</em><em>s using the CTD was conducted by </em><em>deep water expedition </em><em>INDEX-SATAL 2010 (Indonesian Expedition Sangihe-Talaud) in July-August 2010. Th</em><em>e</em><em> </em><em>aim of this </em><em>study wa</em><em>s to</em><em> determine the characteristics of water masses around the Sangihe Talaud Water where the</em><em>re </em><em>wa</em><em>s an entry passage of </em><em> Indonesian throughflow (ITF) </em><em>at</em><em> </em><em>the </em><em>west </em><em>path</em><em>way that passed through the </em><em>primary</em><em> pathway i.e., </em><em>the Sulawesi</em><em> Sea and Makassar Strait and the secondary pathway (east pathway) that passed through the Halmahera Sea. The analyses were performed by the method of the core layer and was  processed with software Ocean Data View (ODV). The results showed that in the Sangihe Talaud waters there was a meeting water masses from the North Pacific and the South Pacific. The water mass characteristics in main pathway through the Sulawesi Sea was dominated by surface and intermediate North Pacific water masses and carried by the Mindanao Currents. While the Halmahera Sea water mass was dominated by surface and intermediate South Pacific water masses carried by the New Guinea Coastal Current that moved along the Papua New Guinea and Papua coast enters to the Halmahera Sea. </em></p> <p><em> </em></p> <p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><em>: Index-Satal 2010, Northern Pacific Water Mass</em><em>es</em><em>, Southern Pacific Water </em></p> <em> Masses, Sangihe Talaud</em>

scholarly journals The Bacterial Community in the Western Region of North Pacific Intermediate Water

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (34) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maki Teramoto ◽  
Ayumi Komatsu ◽  
Kouhei Ohnishi
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Water Mass ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Intermediate Water ◽  
North Pacific Intermediate Water ◽  
Bacterial Composition ◽  
The Western Region

The bacterial composition in North Pacific Intermediate Water (NPIW) was investigated in three different years and compared with that in other seawaters around Japan. The results indicated that bacterial composition was surprisingly stable at the same point in a mesopelagic water mass throughout the years and supported previous physicochemical observations that NPIW is distributed to Kumejima, Japan.

scholarly journals Sensitivity of the Simulated Distributions of Water Masses, CFCs, and Bomb 14C to Parameterizations of Mesoscale Tracer Transports in a Model of the North Pacific

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongfu Xu ◽  
Shigeaki Aoki ◽  
Koh Harada
Keyword(s):  
North Pacific ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Western North Pacific ◽  
North Pacific Ocean ◽  
Circulation Model ◽  
Water Masses ◽  
Intermediate Water ◽  
North Pacific Intermediate Water ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Pacific

Abstract A basinwide ocean general circulation model of the North Pacific Ocean is used to study the sensitivity of the simulated distributions of water masses, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), and bomb carbon-14 isotope (14C) to parameterizations of mesoscale tracer transports. Five simulations are conducted, including a run with the traditional horizontal mixing scheme and four runs with the isopycnal transport parameterization of Gent and McWilliams (GM). The four GM runs use different values of isopycnal and skew diffusivities. Simulated results show that the GM mixing scheme can help to form North Pacific Intermediate Water (NPIW). Greater isopycnal diffusivity enhances formation of NPIW. Although greater skew diffusivity can also generate NPIW, it makes the subsurface too fresh. Results from simulations of CFC uptake show that greater isopycnal diffusivity generates the best results relative to observations in the western North Pacific. The model generally underestimates the inventories of CFCs in the western North Pacific. The results from simulations of bomb 14C reproduce some observed features. Greater isopycnal diffusivity generates a longitudinal gradient of the inventory of bomb 14C from west to east, whereas greater skew diffusivity makes it reversed. It is considered that the ratio of isopycnal diffusivity to skew diffusivity is important. An increase in isopycnal diffusivity increases storage of passive tracers in the subtropical gyre.

scholarly journals Percampuran vertikal di Perairan Laut Maluku dan Talaud pada bulan Februari 2021

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Adi Purwandana ◽  
Mochamad Riza Iskandar ◽  
Edi Kusmanto ◽  
Muhammad Fadli ◽  
Priyadi Dwi Santoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Pacific ◽  
Dissipation Rate ◽  
Vertical Mixing ◽  
Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler ◽  
Core Layer ◽  
Energy Dissipation Rate ◽  
Intermediate Water ◽  
North Pacific Intermediate Water ◽  
Current Profiler ◽  
Temperature Depth

<strong>Vertical mixing in the northern Maluku Sea and Talaud Waters in February 2021. </strong>The spatial variability of water mass mixing in the northern Maluku Sea and Talaud waters are presented based on the results of Eastern Indonesia Expedition (EIT) 2021 using RV Baruna Jaya VIII-LIPI. The turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate was obtained using the Kunze-Williams-Briscoe (KWB) Method calculated from CTD (Conductivity, Temperature, Depth) and LADCP (Lowered Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler) datasets. We found the dissipation rate in the core layer of North Pacific Subtropical Water (NPSW) and North Pacific Intermediate Water (NPIW) are in the order of 10<sup>-6</sup> W/kg and 10<sup>-8</sup> W/kg, respectively. The KWB Method used in this study is also proven comparable with the Thorpe Method.

scholarly journals Current Structure and Spatial Variation of Indonesian Throughflow in Makassar Strait Under Ewin 2013 (Struktur Arus dan Variasi Spasial Arlindo di Selat Makassar dari Ewin 2013)

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selfrida Missmar Horhoruw ◽  
Agus Saleh Atmadipoera ◽  
Mulia Purba ◽  
Adi Purwandana
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variation ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Intermediate Water ◽  
Indonesian Throughflow ◽  
North Pacific Intermediate Water ◽  
Subtropical Water ◽  
Current Structure

Selat Makassar (SM) merupakan pintu masuk utama Arus Lintas Indonesia (Arlindo) membawa transport Arlindo sekitar 75% dari total 15 Sv.  Pengukuran mooring arus di Kanal Labani telah dilakukan sejak tahun 1996, namun pengukuran hidrografi yang mencakup seluruh kawasan SM jarang dilakukan. Kontur selat yang berupa kanal dengan keragaman batimetri sangat mempengaruhi karakteristik massa air yang bergerak di dalamnya sehingga diperlukan penelitian mencakup seluruh kawasan SM. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji variasi spasial dan struktur arus dan massa air Arlindo di kawasan SM dari hasil ekspedisi EWIN Juni 2013. Data hidrografi yang digunakan terdiri dari 29 casts CTD yang tersebar di kawasan SM dan data arus di kedalaman 0-125 m dari shipboard ADCP sepanjang lintasan survei. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Arlindo Makassar dicirikan arus jet kuat intensif di kedalaman termoklin (75-125 m), dimana pola alirannya mengarah ke selatan sampai barat daya di pintu masuk utara SM. Arus ini berlanjut sampai mendekati lintang 2°LS, yang selanjutnya arah alirannya berubah ke tenggara menyusuri lereng dangkalan Kalimantan yang mengarah ke Kanal Labani.  Arus jet berubah ke arah selatan sampai tenggara di kanal ini dan menjadi lebih kuat. Sirkulasi di sisi tepi barat laut SM terbentuk pusaran arus searah jarum jam. Stratifikasi massa air Arlindo Makassar didominasi massa air Pasifik Utara, yaitu North Pacific Subtropical Water (NPSW) di kedalaman termoklin dan North Pacific Intermediate Water (NPIW) di bawah termoklin. Terdapat variasi spasial massa air NPSW dan NPIW, dimana semakin kearah selatan nilai salinitas maksimum (minimum) NPSW (NPIW) semakin berkurang sekitar 0.03 psu. Ketebalan lapisan termoklin sisi timur selat lebih besar sehingga distribusi vertikal massa air Pasifik Utara tersebut cenderung lebih kuat di sisi timur sehingga ditemukan intensifikasi Arlindo ke arah barat Selat Makassar.

scholarly journals WATER MASSES CHARACTERISTICS AT THE SANGHIE TALAUD ENTRY PASSAGE OF INDONESIAN THROUGHFLOW USING INDEX SATAL DATA 2010

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivonne M Radjawane ◽  
Paundra P Hadipoetranto
Keyword(s):  
North Pacific ◽  
Water Mass ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Water Masses ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Coastal Current ◽  
Indonesian Throughflow ◽  
Pacific Water

ABSTRACT Measurement of ocean physical parameters using the CTD was conducted by deep water expedition INDEX-SATAL 2010 (Indonesian Expedition Sangihe-Talaud) in July-August 2010. The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics of water masses around the Sangihe Talaud Water where there was an entry passage of Indonesian throughflow (ITF) at the west pathway that passed through the primary pathway i.e., the Sulawesi Sea and Makassar Strait and the secondary pathway (east pathway) that passed through the Halmahera Sea. The analyses were performed by the method of the core layer and was  processed with software Ocean Data View (ODV). The results showed that in the Sangihe Talaud waters there was a meeting water masses from the North Pacific and the South Pacific. The water mass characteristics in main pathway through the Sulawesi Sea was dominated by surface and intermediate North Pacific water masses and carried by the Mindanao Currents. While the Halmahera Sea water mass was dominated by surface and intermediate South Pacific water masses carried by the New Guinea Coastal Current that moved along the Papua New Guinea and Papua coast enters to the Halmahera Sea. Keywords: Index-Satal 2010, Northern Pacific Water Masses, Southern Pacific Water Masses, Sangihe Talaud

scholarly journals Water Masses Characteristics at the Western Pasific Equator on August 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Duaitd Kolibongso
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Water Masses ◽  
Coastal Current ◽  
Intermediate Water ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Pacific

The Western Pacific Equator waters are a meeting place for water masses coming from the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. This study aims to identify the characteristics of water masses formed in the waters of Northern Papua. The study of water mass characteristics in the northern waters of Papua was carried out based on reanalysis data from the World Ocean Atlas (WOA) in August 2018. There were 12 stations divided into 3 transects to be analyzed in this study, namely transect 1 and transect 2 which stretched north-south and transect 3 which stretches east-west. The analysis were performed by method of the core layer and was processed with Sofware Ocean Data View (ODV). The results showed in the waters of North Papua there was a meeting of 2 water masses from the North Pacific and South Pacific. The water masses characteristics in latitudes <5 oLU are affected by surface and intermediates of the South Pacific carried by the Papua New Guinea Coastal Current that flows along the northern coast of Papua New Guinea and into Papua waters and beyond into the waters of the Halmahera Sea. Whereas the mass of water in latitudes > 5 oLU is dominated by surface and intermediate water masses from the North Pacific carried by North Equatorial Counter Current.

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