scholarly journals PROPAGACIÓN Y MICORRIZACIÓN DE PLANTAS NATIVAS CON POTENCIAL PARA RESTAURACIÓN DE SUELOS

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 87-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Hernández-Cuevas ◽  
Vidal Guerra-De la Cruz ◽  
Guadalupe Santiago-Martínez ◽  
Porfirio Cuatlal-Cuahutencos
Keyword(s):  
Acaulospora Laevis

Se presentan los resultados obtenidos al propagar e inocular con hongos micorrizógenos arbusculares a Amelanchier denticulata (tlaxistle) y Eysenhardtia polystachya (palo dulce), plantas nativas de América, que forman micorriza arbuscular y crecen en México sobre suelos someros y con escasez de nutrimentos. La propagación se hizo a partir de semillas, en vermiculita y turba mezcla (2:1). La mitad de las plantas de cada especie se inoculó con una mezcla de tres cepas de hongos micorrizógenos arbusculares aisladas de suelos de Tlaxcala: Glomus claroideum, Acaulospora laevis y A. morrowiae. El tlaxistle y el palo dulce alcanzaron valores por arriba del 40% de germinación y del 80% de supervivencia al trasplante. Aunque, los porcentajes de colonización micorrízica fueron bajos en los dos casos, menores al 10% para palo dulce y al 20% para tlaxistle, los individuos micorrizados mostraron las mejores respuestas en diámetro, altura, biomasa aérea (p<0.001) y contenido de fósforo. También se analizan algunas variables indicadoras de calidad de planta en relación a la micorrización. Se concluye que la propagación a partir de semillas es una buena estrategia para la obtención de plantas de los dos taxa estudiados y que la micorrización favorece significativamente su desarrollo inicial, ya que mejora sus rasgos de crecimiento, lo que es crítico para las plantas que serán destinadas al campo en programas de restauración.

scholarly journals Arbuscular mycorrhizal technology for the growth enhancement of micropropagated Spilanthes acmella Murr

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Yadav ◽  
N. Singh ◽  
A. Aggarwal
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Direct Organogenesis ◽  
Growth Enhancement ◽  
Acaulospora Laevis ◽  
Spilanthes Acmella ◽  
Annual Herb ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Number Of Branches

Spilanthes acmella (Asteraceae) is an endangered ornamental cum medicinal annual herb. This study reports on the effect of two arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus mosseae and Acaulospora laevis) applied either alone or in combination on post-transplanting performance of micropropagated S. acmella. Complete plantlets of S.&nbsp;acmella were raised by direct organogenesis from nodal explants on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with various cytokinins. S. acmella plantlets responded to all three mycorrhizal treatments in a significantly different way. G. mosseae enhanced the survival rate of S. acmella plantlets to 100%. Plant height, plant spread, number of branches per plant, number of leaves per plant, leaf area, biomass production, and chlorophyll content were significantly higher in AM inoculated plantlets as compared to the uninoculated ones. This clearly demonstrates that AM inoculation improved not only the survival rate of micropropagated plantlets but also their growth and biomass yield. &nbsp;

scholarly journals Growth model for arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (24) ◽  
pp. 773-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Schnepf ◽  
T Roose ◽  
P Schweiger
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Am Fungi ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Foraging Strategies ◽  
Fungal Mycelium ◽  
Hyphal Length ◽  
Solute Uptake ◽  
Acaulospora Laevis

In order to quantify the contribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi to plant phosphorus nutrition, the development and extent of the external fungal mycelium and its nutrient uptake capacity are of particular importance. We develop and analyse a model of the growth of AM fungi associated with plant roots, suitable for describing mechanistically the effects of the fungi on solute uptake by plants. The model describes the development and distribution of the fungal mycelium in soil in terms of the creation and death of hyphae, tip–tip and tip–hypha anastomosis, and the nature of the root–fungus interface. It is calibrated and corroborated using published experimental data for hyphal length densities at different distances away from root surfaces. A good agreement between measured and simulated values was found for three fungal species with different morphologies: Scutellospora calospora (Nicol. & Gerd.) Walker & Sanders; Glomus sp.; and Acaulospora laevis Gerdemann & Trappe associated with Trifolium subterraneum L. The model and findings are expected to contribute to the quantification of the role of AM fungi in plant mineral nutrition and the interpretation of different foraging strategies among fungal species.

Mycorrhizal fungi associated with Festuca in the western United States and Canada

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (14) ◽  
pp. 1691-1695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randolph J. Molina ◽  
James M. Trappe ◽  
Gerald S. Strickler
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Western United States ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Mycorrhizal Infection ◽  
Acaulospora Laevis ◽  
Fine Root Length ◽  
Vesicular Arbuscular ◽  
Festuca Idahoensis

Vesicular–arbuscular mycorrhizal infection and associated mycorrhizal fungi were examined for Festuca viridula, Festuca idahoensis, Festuca scabrella, Festuca thurberi, Festuca ovina, and Festuca arizonica occurring in Festuca-dominated grasslands in the western United States and Canada. All plants were mycorrhizal. Nearly all had mycorrhizal infection in 75% or more of their fine root length. Although levels of infection were consistently high, spore numbers were generally low. No differences in the degree of infection between Festuca species or habitats were observed.Eleven mycorrhizal fungi were identified and ranked by decreasing frequency as follows: Glomus fasciculatus, Glomus tenuis, Gigaspora calospora, Acaulospora laevis, Glomus macrocarpus var. macrocarpus, Glomus microcarpus, Acaulospora scrobiculata, Glomus mosseae, Glomus macrocarpus var. geosporus, Sclerocystis rubiformis, and an unidentified Acaulospora species. It was common to find two or more species infecting an individual plant. The mean number of fungal associates per community site ranged from 2.7 species for F. idahoensis to 5.0 species for F. arizonica. We found no evidence for specificity of any of the mycorrhizal fungi for any particular Festuca host.

scholarly journals Role of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi on tolerance to salinity of the tree legume Albizia lebbeck (L.) inoculated by Rhizobium

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (01) ◽  
pp. 45-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaurav Bhushan ◽  
Santosh Kr Sharma ◽  
Priyanka Sagar ◽  
Nishtha Seth ◽  
A. P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
N2 Fixation ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Tree Legume ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Acaulospora Laevis ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Injurious Effects

Myrica esculenta (Myricaceae) and Syzygium cumini(Myrtaceae), the Indian traditional fruits The effect of different level of salinity on growth, nodulation and Nitrogen fixation of single and dual inoculated tree legumes which help arbascular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) Acaulospora laevis Gerd. and Trappe with Rhizobium bacteria in the presence of different levels of salinity (concentration of NaCl) conducted in earthen pots in a completely randomized block design with three replications resulted in effective plant growth, shoot and root biomasses, nodulation and N2 fixation. The effect of different levels of salinity (concentration of NaCl) on growth, nodulation and N2 fixation of single (Rhizobium or AMF alone) and dual inoculated (Rhizobium + AMF ) tree legume has a pot culture experiment using The parameter growth , nodulation, nitrogen fixation and % AMF colonization of roots were considerable influenced with the increase in salt concentration from 0.5 % to 4.0 % NaCl. It was observed that the mycorrhizal tree legume (inoculated with the most preferred AMF Acaulospora laevis) performed better in the increasing levels of salinity in comparison to non-mycorrhozal ones. These investigations suggested a protective role play by AMF in providing resistance to the tree legume against injurious effects of salinity. Inoculation of efficient strain of AMF (Acaulospora laevis) during the course of study, prevented the injurious effects of salinity in the test plants due to enhanced water and sustainable nutrient uptake thereby promoting growth, nodulation and biogeochemical N2 cycle (fixation of nitrogen) of the tree legume under investigation.

Ecological interaction of little bluestem and vesicular–arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (11) ◽  
pp. 2272-2277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura A. Dickman ◽  
Anthony E. Liberta ◽  
Roger C. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Schizachyrium Scoparium ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Little Bluestem ◽  
Acaulospora Laevis ◽  
Vesicular Arbuscular ◽  
Vam Colonization ◽  
Hill Prairie

The percentage of vesicular–arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) colonization of little bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium) (Michx.) Nash.) and VAM spore populations in the rhizosphere of little bluestem from four prairie areas in Illinois were studied. At Goose Lake Prairie, a significant positive correlation (r = 0.77, p < 0.01) was found between soil moisture and density of VAM spores, but soil moisture and percent VAM colonization were not significantly correlated at any of its sites. Percentage of VAM colonization tended to be higher at study areas where little bluestem was a dominant species. However, spore numbers and abundance of little bluestem tended to be inversely related. Colonization decreased from May to July at all areas and this trend frequently continued into September. Month of sample collection had no significant effect on spore numbers except at Reavis Hill Prairie. The endophyte isolated at all areas was Glomus fasciculatum (Thaxter sensu Gerd.) Gerd. & Trappe. Other species, such as Gigaspora heterogama (Nicol. & Gerd.) Gerd. & Trappe and Acaulospora laevis Gerd. & Trappe, were more restricted in their distribution.

scholarly journals Growth Response of TwoPhaseolus mungoL. Cultivars Induced by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi andTrichoderma viride

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Navnita Sharma ◽  
Kuldeep Yadav ◽  
Ashok Aggarwal
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Growth Enhancement ◽  
Acaulospora Laevis ◽  
Am Symbiosis ◽  
The Difference

The present investigation aimed to quantify the difference in response of twoPhaseolus mungoL. cultivars (i.e., UH-1 and IPU-94-1) toGlomus mosseae(G), that is,Funneliformis mosseae,Acaulospora laevis(A), andTrichoderma viride(T), in different combinations or alone. All the treatments were inoculated withBradyrhizobium japonicumto ensure nodulation as soil used in the experiment was sterilized. After 120 days of inoculation, plants were analyzed for chlorophyll content, nodulation, mycorrhization, leaf area, and protein content. Results indicate variation in growth response of two cultivars with different treatments. Triple inoculation of plants with G + A + T proved to be the best treatment for growth followed by G + T in both cultivars. Our work allowed the selection ofP. mungoL. cultivar UH-1 as highly mycorrhizal responsive as compared to IPU-94-1 andG. mosseaeto be an efficient bioinoculant as compared toA. laevisfor growth enhancement ofP. mungo. Further characterization ofP. mungogenotypes will enhance our knowledge of physiological and genetic mechanism behind increase in plant growth and yield due to AM symbiosis.

scholarly journals Inoculación micorrízico arbuscular en portainjertos de plantas de aguacate cv ‘Hass’ en viveros de Michoacán, México

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 847
Author(s):  
Yazmín Carreón Abud ◽  
Salvador Aguirre Paleo ◽  
Mayra E. Gavito ◽  
Dorian Javier Mendoza Solís ◽  
Raúl Juárez Chávez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rhizophagus Irregularis ◽  
Rhizophagus Intraradices ◽  
Acaulospora Laevis ◽  
Rhizophagus Fasciculatus

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el desempeño de 12 inoculantes de hongos micorrízicos arbusculares (HMA) en el desarrollo de portainjertos de plantas de aguacate cv. ‘Hass’ en etapa de vivero. El experimento fue llevado a cabo en Uruapan, Michoacán, México, utilizanso plantas de 60 días de edad, recientemente injertados. Los 12 tratamientos se distribuyeron en un diseño completamente al aleatorio, con 6 repeticiones: A) Gigaspora gigantea; B) Acaulospora delicata; C) Rhizophagus fasciculatus (foráneo); D) Consorcio de Veracruz MTZ1-UV; E) Rhizophagus fasciculatus; F) Rhizophagus irregularis 28-A; G) comunidad nativa de AMF; H) Rhizophagus irregularis (MUCL); I) Rhizophagus fasciculatus + Azospirillum; J) Sclerocystis aff. rubiformis; K) Acaulospora laevis; L) Scutellospora pellucida; y M) testigo. La altura de las plantas, diámetro de los tallos y número de hojas fueron medidos cada 2 semanas durante 5 meses, después de lo cual las plantas fueron cosechadas y se dtermino el peso seco del tallo y de la raíz. Las mediciones periódicas a lo largo del experimento, demostraron que Acaulospora delicata y el testigo tuvieron un mejor desempeño en la altura de las plantas, Scutellospora pellucida en lo referente al diámetro del tallo y el testigo en el número de hojas. En la cosecha, las plantas inoculadas con Rhizophagus intraradices 28-A y Scutellospora pellucida tuvieron 2 veces más peso del tallo y de la raíz con relación a los otros tratamientos. Además, se concluye que la inoculación del cuello de la raíz de las plantas recientemente injertadas, mostró respuestas claras a la inoculación con cepas eficientes de hongos micorrízicos, aunque pasaron 6 meses para que las diferencias fueran evidentes.

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