scholarly journals Liquid Gastric Emptying as an Adjunct to Hepatobiliary Scintigraphy When Oral Corn Oil Is Used as a Cholecystagogue for Determining Gallbladder Emptying

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-121
Author(s):  
J. A. Ponto
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Gallbladder Emptying ◽  
Hepatobiliary Scintigraphy

Effect of oral versus gastric delivery on gastric emptying of corn oil emulsions

1997 ◽  
Vol 273 (4) ◽  
pp. R1263-R1270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel M. Kaplan ◽  
William Siemers ◽  
Harvey J. Grill
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Infusion Rate ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Stimulus Parameters ◽  
Oil Concentration ◽  
Delivery Route ◽  
Oil Emulsions ◽  
Infusion Duration

Several studies have shown that fluids delivered to the stomach tend to empty more rapidly than when ingested by mouth. To better characterize the “delivery route effect” for corn oil, rats received intragastric or intraoral infusions matched for concentration and for the rate and duration of stimulus delivery. We showed, first, that more than twice as much oil emptied by the end of 12-min intragastric versus intraoral infusions but that the emptying curves remained roughly parallel for 1 h after infusion offset. Remaining experiments therefore focused on stimulus parameters of relevance to emptying control during stomach fill. Emptying during intragastric infusions approximately doubled with doublings of oil concentration (25–50%), infusion duration (6–12 and 12–24 min), and infusion rate (0.5–1.0 ml/min). Emptying during intraoral infusions, by contrast, was entirely unaffected by these manipulations. Unlike oil emptying, glucose emptying did not vary as a function of delivery route. The nutrient specificity of the delivery route effect cannot be explained in terms of energy density, as the effect was obtained for oil but not for glucose when their energy densities were equated (50% glucose, 25% corn oil). In discussion, we suggest that the oral influence on corn oil emptying during stomach fill is a gating factor that enables the expression of inhibition derived from postgastric nutrient stimulation.

Effect of oral CCK-1 agonist GI181771X on fasting and postprandial gastric functions in healthy volunteers

2004 ◽  
Vol 287 (2) ◽  
pp. G363-G369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Janet Castillo ◽  
Silvia Delgado-Aros ◽  
Michael Camilleri ◽  
Duane Burton ◽  
Debra Stephens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Gastric Volume ◽  
Oral Solution ◽  
Gallbladder Emptying ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Computed Tomographic

CCK influences satiation and gastric and gallbladder emptying. GI181771X is a novel oral CCK-1 agonist; its effects on gastric emptying of solids, accommodation, and postprandial symptoms are unclear. Effects of four dose levels of the oral CCK-1 agonist GI181771X and placebo on gastric functions and postprandial symptoms were compared in 61 healthy men and women in a randomized, gender-stratified, double-blind, double-dummy placebo-controlled, parallel group study. Effects of 0.1, 0.5, and 1.5 mg of oral solution and a 5.0-mg tablet of GI181771X on gastric emptying of solids by scintigraphy, gastric volume by 99mTc-single photon emission computed tomographic imaging, maximum tolerated volume of Ensure, and postprandial nausea, bloating, fullness, and pain were studied. On each of 3 study days, participants received their randomly assigned treatment. Adverse effects and safety were monitored. There were overall group effects of GI181771X on gastric emptying ( P < 0.01) and fasting and postprandial volumes ( P = 0.036 and 0.015, respectively). The 1.5-mg oral solution of GI181771X significantly delayed gastric emptying of solids ( P < 0.01) and increased fasting ( P = 0.035) gastric volumes without altering postprandial ( P = 0.056) gastric volumes or postprandial symptoms relative to placebo. The effect of the 5.0-mg tablet on gastric emptying of solids did not reach significance ( P = 0.052). Pharmacokinetic profiles showed the highest area under the curve over 4 h for the 1.5-mg solution and a similar area under the curve for the 0.5-mg solution and 5-mg tablet. Adverse effects were predominantly gastrointestinal and occurred in a minority of participants. GI181771X delays gastric emptying of solids and exhibits an acceptable safety profile in healthy participants. CCK-1 receptors can be modulated to increase fasting gastric volume.

Influence of CCKA, CCKB antagonists on CCK8-induced satiety, gallbladder emptying and blockade of gastric emptying in the mouse

1992 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 163 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.C. Gregory ◽  
K.-U. Wolf ◽  
C. Eeckhout ◽  
H. Waldeck ◽  
U. Preuschoff
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Gallbladder Emptying ◽  
Cckb Antagonists

scholarly journals Evaluation of gallbladder emptying in patients with chronic liver disease by 99mTc-EHIDA hepatobiliary scintigraphy.

RADIOISOTOPES ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 269-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norimitsu KURIHARA ◽  
Hiroshi IDE ◽  
Takeshi OMATA ◽  
Shigemichi YONAMINE ◽  
Yasuoki MASHIMA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Chronic Liver Disease ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Gallbladder Emptying ◽  
Hepatobiliary Scintigraphy

Endogenous cholecystokinin drives gallbladder emptying in dogs

1986 ◽  
Vol 251 (4) ◽  
pp. G553-G558
Author(s):  
K. Shiratori ◽  
S. Watanabe ◽  
W. Y. Chey ◽  
K. Y. Lee ◽  
T. M. Chang
Keyword(s):  
Corn Oil ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Gallbladder Emptying ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Gallbladder Volume ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Intraduodenal Administration ◽  
Different Doses ◽  
Cck Release

We investigated the effect of fat in the duodenum on the gallbladder emptying in seven dogs prepared with gastric, duodenal, and gallbladder cannulas. Gallbladder volume was measured at 15-min intervals, and venous blood samples were obtained at regular intervals for 2.5 h. Intraduodenal administration of Lipomul (pH 5.0, corn oil) in three different doses (1.1, 2.2, and 4.4 mmol/10 min) resulted in significant increases in gallbladder emptying in a dose-dependent manner (r = 0.8668, P less than 0.001). Likewise, the increase in integrated cholecystokinin (CCK) release in response to Lipomul was also dose dependent (r = 0.7334, P less than 0.001). A statistically significant correlation was found between integrated CCK release and gallbladder emptying in response to Lipomul (P less than 0.001). To determine the role of circulating endogenous CCK on gallbladder emptying effects of intravenous administration of proglumide and a rabbit anti-CCK serum on gallbladder emptying were studied. Gallbladder emptying was virtually abolished by the antiserum. Proglumide not only abolished the emptying but also increased gallbladder volume. Thus we conclude that in dogs the gallbladder emptying in response to fat in the upper small intestine depends on increased circulating endogenous CCK.

scholarly journals Mechanism‐Based Modeling of Gastric Emptying Rate and Gallbladder Emptying in Response to Caloric Intake

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 692-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Guiastrennec ◽  
DP Sonne ◽  
M Hansen ◽  
JI Bagger ◽  
A Lund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Gallbladder Emptying ◽  
Gastric Emptying Rate

Satiating effect of fat in diabetic rats: gastrointestinal and postabsorptive factors

1988 ◽  
Vol 255 (1) ◽  
pp. R123-R127
Author(s):  
N. K. Edens ◽  
M. I. Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Ketone Bodies ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Physiological Basis ◽  
Streptozotocin Diabetic Rats ◽  
Fat Feeding ◽  
Fat Meal

Streptozotocin-diabetic rats decrease food intake more than normal animals in response to a fat test meal. To determine the physiological basis of this differential response, we examined the effects of an ingested corn oil meal on food intake, gastrointestinal fill, and plasma triglycerides, glycerol, and ketone bodies. Hyperphagic diabetic rats decreased intake of a high-carbohydrate, low-fat stock diet starting 2-4 h after the fat meal, whereas normal rats did not. Gastric emptying was accelerated and intestinal mass and contents were increased in diabetic rats. The fat meal reduced gastric emptying and increased stomach contents in diabetic and normal rats starting within 2 h of ingestion. Intestinal fill decreased in diabetic animals after the oil meal. Triglycerides and glycerol increased transiently after fat ingestion in normal and diabetic rats, whereas ketone body concentrations rose only in diabetic rats starting 1-3 h after fat ingestion. The results indicate that the differential effect of a fat meal on food intake in normal and diabetic rats is related to differences in the postabsorptive metabolism of the ingested fat rather than to effects of fat feeding on gastrointestinal fill or clearance.

Duodenal and ileal lipid suppresses postprandial blood glucose and insulin responses in man: Possible implications for the dietary management of diabetes mellitus

1987 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. McL. Welch ◽  
C. Bruce ◽  
S. E. Hill ◽  
N. W. Read
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Delayed Gastric Emptying ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Dietary Control ◽  
Human Volunteers ◽  
Control Of Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Responses

1. Infusion of lipid into the ileum delays the transit of a meal through the stomach and small intestine and could therefore influence the rate and degree of nutrient absorption. 2. Experiments were carried out on human volunteers to investigate the effect of infusion of lipid into either the duodenum or ileum on blood glucose, insulin and gastric emptying after ingestion of a mashed potato meal. 3. Infusions of lipid into either the duodenum or the ileum significantly reduced or abolished the immediate postprandial rises in blood glucose and insulin and significantly delayed gastric emptying. Blood glucose and insulin rose shortly after the lipid infusion terminated. 4. Addition of corn oil to a meal of mashed potato also reduced blood glucose and insulin and delayed gastric emptying. 5. Intestinal lipid can thus modify the glycaemic and insulinaemic responses to a meal, and this modulation probably explains the reduced metabolic responses to a meal containing fat compared with a fat free meal. This principle could be of value in the dietary control of diabetes mellitus.

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