scholarly journals Evaluating the Independent Intellectual Property base on Multiple Goals Decision-Making Method Model for Mechanical and Electrical Enterprises in Jilin Province

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Kang ◽  
Na Wang ◽  
Fuxia Wei
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Jilin Province ◽  
Multiple Goals ◽  
Method Model

Goal Programming for Decision Making in Closely Held Businesses

1979 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 31-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang M. Lee ◽  
Robert T. Justis ◽  
Lori Sharp Franz
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Small Business ◽  
Decision Maker ◽  
Goal Programming ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Programming Model ◽  
Multiple Goals ◽  
Business Decision ◽  
Goal Programming Model

There are few analytical and managerial tools available to assist the small business decision maker. This paper presents a practical goal Programming model which can be easily generalized to fit the planning needs of most small businesses. Specifically the model explicitly considers the multiple goals and priorities of the owner-manager and determines if these goals can be accomplished under various demand Projections. An illustrative example of the use of this model with a small fast-food business is given.

Organizational and Funding Options for Markup Vocabulary Creation and Maintenance

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Organizational Structure ◽  
Real World ◽  
Management Process ◽  
Consensus Model ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Maintenance Selection ◽  
Volunteer Time ◽  
Selection Of

There are many ways to create a markup vocabulary and many forums in which it can be done. Creating and maintaining markup vocabularies requires significant ongoing volunteer time and effort, significant funding, or both. In light of this, it often makes sense for a multi-institution group to undertake the creation and management process, particularly when interchange is a goal. The community has examples of this consensus model, such as the TEI (which was created by a grant-supported project and is maintained by a consortium created for the purpose) and the STS (which was originally a derivative of JATS, further developed by ISO, and then donated to NISO for the establishment of consensus and for maintenance). Selection of an organizational home and source of funding can have marked effects on vocabularies. The organizational structure affects representation, who has a voice in the process, intellectual property concerns (e.g., patents, copyrights, other standards), and decision making policies. Costs involved in creating and maintaining markup vocabularies begin at conception and continue through development into maintenance and promotion. These costs include editing, hosting, publishing and distribution, and management of the standards process. Real-world examples of the organization and funding of successful markup vocabularies will provide patterns others may find useful.

The Plural of Goal: Learning in a World of Ambiguity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel A. Levinthal ◽  
Claus Rerup
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Experiential Learning ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Learning Processes ◽  
Multiple Goals ◽  
Critical Aspect ◽  
Complete Set ◽  
Positive Light

In the Carnegie School tradition of experiential learning, learning processes are driven by the encoding of performance outcomes as a success or failure relative to a goal. We expand this line of inquiry by highlighting how conflicting and thus ambiguous outcomes across multiple goals make interpretation a critical aspect of organizational learning processes. In early work in the Carnegie tradition, interpretation played a role in the demarcation between what constituted success or failure on a given outcome metric. However, in March’s latter writings, learning and decision making produce an arena or even an opportunity for generating interpretations and broader meanings regarding roles, values, and identities. We explore how the two interpretive approaches in March’s work play out across three modes of responses to ambiguity. First, the process of self-enhancement whereby participants interpret conflictual outcomes so that they, the participants, appear in a positive light. Second, an explicit political process regarding the contestation of how to interpret conflicting outcomes. Third, from the perspective of the organizations’ literature on wisdom, participants may embrace ambiguity either to enhance learning or simply to enrich individuals’ interpretation of their experiences. Although these three modes of response do not offer a complete set of responses for learning in a world of ambiguity, they constitute valuable touchstones for the perspective we wish to put forward and, collectively, help enrich our understanding of the role of learning, ambiguity and interpretation within the Carnegie School.

scholarly journals How Canadian Municipalities aren(n't) engaging the public in smart city initiatives

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay Toth
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Digital Divide ◽  
Public Engagement ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
The Public

The smart city concept is innovation in urbanism. Innovation is transformative, demanding the involvement of the public based on a belief that those who will be impacted by a decision have a right to be involved in the decision-making process. But smart city initiatives raise complex technical, privacy, economic, and intellectual property issues unlike those the public has been presented with before. This paper explores how Canadian municipalities are approaching this challenge by coding and analyzing applications to Infrastructure Canada’s Smart Cities Challenge (SCC). The analysis reveals, among other findings, that municipalities engaged citizens directly as well as their representatives, leveraged previously-conducted engagement and conducted new engagement, and employed a range of engagement activities online and offline. Recommendations to Infrastructure Canada and municipal planners highlight the need for more public input on the technology solutions proposed, increased attention to the digital divide during engagement, and citizen involvement in all stages of open innovation. Key words: Smart Cities Challenge, public engagement, open innovation

Property Law

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eyal Zamir ◽  
Doron Teichman
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Endowment Effect ◽  
Psychological Ownership ◽  
Property Law ◽  
Judicial Decision ◽  
Judicial Decision Making ◽  
Liability Rules

The chapter critically analyzes the contribution of behavioral findings to property law and theory. It starts with studies of basic notions, such as psychological ownership and the endowment effect; and moves on to discuss two major fields: constitutional property law and intellectual property. With regard to the former, the analysis shows how behavioral insights illuminate the distinction between governmental taking and giving of property, between physical and nonphysical takings, and between the taking of homes and other properties. With regard to intellectual property, the chapter deals, among other things, with inventors’ behavior and judicial decision-making in matters of intellectual property. Finally, the chapter discusses the broader issue of protecting entitlements through property rules versus liability rules.

scholarly journals Competition Order and Innovation Behaviors of Enterprise in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Weijun Cui ◽  
Guang Chen ◽  
Yu Fu
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Corporate Innovation ◽  
Great Progress ◽  
Enterprise Surveys ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
D Investment ◽  
Innovation Behavior

This study addresses the apparent puzzle that China made great progress in mobile phone manufacturing despite weak intellectual property protection. Using the China 2012 Enterprise Surveys Data set of World Bank enterprises survey, we investigated whether competition order mattered for innovation behaviors of enterprise and mainly drew three major conclusions. First, when there are unregistered or informal competitors in the market, enterprises tend to choose innovation to improve the current situation of their own operations, and they may increase the R&D investment. Second, when the unregistered or informal competitors in the market become obstacles to the enterprise, with the rise of disorderly barriers to competition, enterprises will reduce their decision-making of innovation behavior or the intensity of R&D investment. Third, the impartiality degree of court may have a moderating effect on the relationship between competition order and corporate innovation behavior.

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