scholarly journals Private Sector Investment in Agricultural Research in Pakistan

1999 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-292
Author(s):  
Mumtaz Ahmad ◽  
Joseph G. Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Research System ◽  
Publicly Funded ◽  
Seed Certification ◽  
The Past ◽  
Private Sector Investment ◽  
Research Investment ◽  
Agricultural Research System

Private sector investment in agricultural research in Pakistan, although growing in importance, is limited at present and with a few exceptions, has not had a significant impact on agricultural production and productivity. The publicly funded agricultural research system has made the major contribution to increases in production and productivity growth. However the impressive gains of the past cannot be achieved with the current underfunded public research system which makes it all the more important for private sector investment in agricultural research to achieve its full potential in areas of its comparative advantage. This paper identifies the magnitude of private sector agricultural research investment in Pakistan and discusses some of the current policy constraints that hamper its scope. Information was gathered through informal and formal surveys of multinational and national firms conducting agricultural research in Pakistan in the areas of inputs and product processing. Although private sector investment in agricultural research has more than doubled in the past ten years, uncertainty persists surrounding privatisation issues, unresolved intellectual property rights regulation, and the enforcement of seed certification and truth-in-labelling rules and regulations.

scholarly journals Investing in Agricultural Productivity in Indonesia

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith O. Fuglie
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Agricultural Productivity ◽  
Private Investment ◽  
Private Companies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Investment ◽  
Plantation Crops

<p><strong>English<br /></strong>Investment in agricultural research is a key to agricultural productivity growth. In Indonesia, public investment in agricultural research has expanded significantly in the past two decades, although many agricultural research institutions remain underfunded. The private sector contributes substantially to the financing of public research on plantation crops and forestry. The past decade has also seen a doubling in real terms of agricultural research investment by private companies, although this private investment remains small compared with other developing countries in Asia. Multinational seed, chemical, and animal companies are playing a growing role in transferring new technology to Indonesia. Recent policy shifts have increased private-sector incentives to invest in agricultural research and technology transfer.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Indonesian<br /></strong>Investasi dalam riset pertanian adalah kunci bagi peningkatan produktivitas pertanian. Di Indonesia, investasi pemerintah dalam riset pertanian telah berkembang pesat dalam dua dekade terakhir, sekalipun banyak lembaga riset pertanian tetap mengalami kekurangan dana. Sektor swasta memberikan sumbangan yang sangat besar terhadap pembiayaan riset pemerintah dalam bidang tanaman perkebunan dan kehutanan. Dalam dekade terakhir juga telah terjadi perlipatan dua di dalam nilai riil dari investasi dalam riset pertanian yang dilakukan oleh perusahaan-perusahaan swasta, walaupun investasi swasta ini tetap kecil dibandingkan dengan negara-negara berkembang lainnya di Asia. Perusahaan-perusahaan bibit, bahan kimia, dan ternak multunasional memainkan peranan yang semakin besar di dalam transfer teknologi baru ke Indonesia. Perubahan-perubahan kebijakan yang terjadi baru-baru ini telah meningkatkan dorongan bagi sektor swasta untuk melakukan investasi dalam riset pertanian dan transfer teknologi.</p>

scholarly journals Unplanned but well prepared: A reinterpreted success story of international agricultural research, and its implications

2021 ◽  
pp. 003072702110435
Author(s):  
Dominic Glover ◽  
Kai Mausch ◽  
Costanza Conti ◽  
Andy Hall
Keyword(s):  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Research System ◽  
Success Story ◽  
Partial Explanation ◽  
Cropping Patterns ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽  
International Agricultural Research ◽  
Agricultural Research System

A recent study found that adoption rates of improved chickpea varieties were above 90 per cent in Andhra Pradesh, India. In this paper, we use a novel perspective to reconstruct and attribute how this outcome came about. The accepted success narrative is that the public international agricultural research system developed some excellent new chickpea varieties, which were well suited to local agro-ecologies, farming systems and cropping patterns, and highly appreciated by farmers. We argue that this narrative is incomplete, because it constitutes only a partial explanation of the confluence of factors that led to the outcome. We reconstruct the success story using a recent conceptual framework that decomposes the technological change process into four aspects: propositions, encounters, dispositions and responses (PEDR). We show that many of the factors which contributed to the spread of modern chickpea varieties in Andhra Pradesh lay beyond the control of the international agricultural research system, and operated across large spatial and temporal scales. In conclusion, we argue that the success of improved chickpeas in Andhra Pradesh underscores the value of basic plant breeding and research, which aim to produce public goods. We relate our analysis to current discussions about the future strategic direction of international agricultural research organisations and the CGIAR. Our argument implies a criticism of the drive to develop new varieties which conform to product profiles that are based on predictions of current and near-term demand. While that approach makes sense for product developers seeking to serve commercial markets, basic research is needed to create and diversify technical options, which anticipate a range of future needs that are hard to predict in the present.

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