scholarly journals Contribution of Eelemental Sulfur to Soil Acidification, Fe Release and Uptake by corn (Zea mays L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Karimi
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Soil Acidification ◽  
Elemental Sulfur ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Unit Increase ◽  
Glasshouse Experiment ◽  
Fe Toxicity ◽  
S Application

Abstract—A glasshouse experiment was conducted to elucidate the effectiveness of elemental sulfur as a soil acidulates on solubility of soil Fe and it’s uptake by corn (Zea mays L.). Four rates of elemental sulfur, 0, 0.5, 1 and 2 g S kg-1 soil, incubated for 0, 20 and 40 days before corn plantation. The result showed that with one unit increase in S application rate the soil pH decreased about 1.52 units and the solubility of the Fe was significantly increased. The concentration of Fe in corn leaves and stem were increased with soil acidification from the background of 7.03 to 5.42 due to elemental sulfur application rate of 1 g S kg-1 soil. However, further soil acidification decreased Fe concentration in corn. Overall, application of elemental sulfur at a rate of 0.5 g S kg-1 soil is recommended to enhance corn performance by 45 percent without the risk of Fe toxicity for corn and the minimum Fe export to groundwater. 

scholarly journals https://doi.org/10.36873/agp.v20

AgriPeat ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (02) ◽  
pp. 114-123
Author(s):  
Admin Journal
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Acid Sulfate Soil ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Optimum Dosage ◽  
Two Factors

ABSTRACTThis research was conducted in the Analitic laboratory of Palangka Raya Univercity and in the screenhouse of Agriculture Cultivation Department, Palangka Raya Univercity. The purpose of thisexperiment was to determine the effect of dolomit and chicken manure to some soil chemicalproperties of acid sulfate soil and growth of Maize Crop (Zea mays L.). The research was arranged inComplete Ramdomized Design with two factors and three replications. The first factors were level ofdolomit with three levels namely 0 ; 1,5 ; 3,0 times exchangeable alumunium. The second factors werelevel of chicken manure with three levels namely 0, 6 and 12 t ha-1. The results showed that theinteraction between dolomit and chicken manure significantly affected increasing the soil pH anddecreasing exchangeable alumunium. The combination level of dolomit in level 1,5 timesexchangeable alumunium with application of 6 ton.ha-1 chicken manure will be optimum increasingthe soil pH and decreasing exchangeable alumunium. The application a single factor of dolomit notsignificantly affected P-availabilityand growth of Zea mays (plant height, number of leaf and area leafindex) in age 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 weeks after planting. The application of chicken manure only significantlyaffected increasing P- availabilityand growth of Zea mays (plant height, number of leaf and area leafindex) in age 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 weeks after planting. Optimum dosage of chicken manure was 6 t ha-1.Keywords: sulfate soil, dolomite, soil chemical, chicken manures.

The toxicity of banded urea to corn growth and yield as influenced by triple superphosphate

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. X. Fan ◽  
A. F. MacKenzie
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Urea Hydrolysis ◽  
Growth Chamber ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Triple Superphosphate ◽  
Sandy Clay Loam ◽  
Chamber Experiment

Banding of urea in corn (Zea mays L.) production is restricted by toxic conditions from urea hydrolysis, but higher urea rates could reduce application cost. A growth chamber experiment and a field experiment were conducted to study toxicity of banded urea when applied with triple super-phosphate (TSP). In the growth chamber experiment, surface samples from a Ste. Rosalie clay (Humic Gleysol), a Chicot sandy clay loam (Grey-brown Podzol), and an Uplands sandy soil (Humo Ferric, Podzol), were used. The field experiment was conducted on a Ste. Rosalie clay, a St. Bernard loam (Eutric Brunisol), and a Chicot sandy clay loam soil. In the growth chamber experiment, banded urea increased soil pH to 7.2–7.5 at a distance of up to 4 cm from the fertilizer band, and NH3 concentrations were as high as 2.1 mM at 2 cm from the fertilizer band after 20 d. The high pH and NH3 concentrations from urea hydrolysis inhibited corn root and seedling growth. Banding TSP with urea reduced soil pH increases from urea hydrolysis and reduced NH3 concentrations. Root weights increased with added TSP in urea bands. In the field experiment, banding urea at > 40 kg N ha−1 reduced plant density and shoot dry weight in early growth stages. Banding TSP with urea increased seedling growth in all soils. Maximum rates of urea compatible with increased corn yield could be increased from 40 to 80 kg ha−1 when banded with TSP. Key words: Urea, nitrogen, ammonia, triple superphosphate, phosphorus, pH, fertilization, corn (Zea mays L.)

scholarly journals Application rate trials with a nuclear polyhedrosis virus to control Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) on maize

1997 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Cruz ◽  
Maria L. C. Figueiredo ◽  
Fernando H. Valicente ◽  
António C. Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Application Method ◽  
Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis ◽  
Chelonus Insularis

Different concentrations of nuclear polyhedrosis virus were applied as aqueous suspensions using a tractor mounted or a backpack-manual sprayer to control Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) larvae on maize (Zea mays L.). Larval mortality varied with the application equipment. For the tractor-mounted sprayer application of at least 2.5 x 10(12) P.I.B./ha was necessary to attain a control comparable to that obtained with the backpack-manual sprayer application (70.2%). For this application method it can be used the dose of 2.5 x 10(11) PI.B./ ha, butNPV persistence was very short. A greaterNPV persistence was obtained with doses over 1.25 x 10(12) P.I.B./ha (93.4% mortality). The occurrence of parasitoids in the experimental area increased larval mortality rate (16.4%), independent of the application method. Among the parasitoids, the most prevalent was Campoletis flavicincta (Ashmead) (53.0%), followed by Chelonus insularis (Cresson) (31.3%), and Eiphosoma spp. (15.6%).

Effect of Soil pH on Growth and Cation Deposition in the Root Tip of Zea mays L.

2000 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Achim Walter ◽  
Wendy K. Silk ◽  
Ulrich Schurr
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Root Tip

scholarly journals Effets des modes de gestion des résidus du bananier et d’options de fumure minérale sur le rendement du maïs et les caractéristiques chimiques du sol dans un système de rotation bananier /maïs à l’Ouest du Burkina Faso

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 1208-1221
Author(s):  
Bernard Bacye ◽  
Hyacinthe Sami Kambire ◽  
Marie Ouindnonga Sawadogo ◽  
Abdoul Moumouni Zonga
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Musa Acuminata ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Banana Tree ◽  
Split Plot

Au Burkina Faso, le recyclage des résidus de culture constitue un défi pour l’amélioration de la productivité des systèmes de production agricole. L’objectif de cette étude était d’évaluer les effets de la gestion des résidus du bananier (Musa acuminata C.) et de la fumure minérale sur les caractéristiques chimiques du sol et le rendement du maïs (Zea mays L.). Un essai en split-plot avec quatre répétitions comparant quatre modes de gestion des résidus du bananier et quatre options de fumure minérale a été conduit en culture pluviale et en culture irriguée. Les rendements grains du maïs ont augmenté de 24 à 66,2% avec le paillage et l’enfouissement de résidus par rapport au brûlage et au ramassage. Le pH, le carbone total, l’azote total et le potassium disponible du sol ont été améliorés par le paillage, l’enfouissement et le brûlage des résidus comparativement au ramassage. L’utilisation combinée des résidus et des engrais a permis un accroissement significatif des rendements. Cependant, elle a induit une baisse du pH et du potassium total du sol comparativement au témoin. L’étude a montré l’intérêt du paillage et de l’enfouissement des résidus du bananier combiné avec la fumure azotée pour améliorer les rendements de maïs. English title: The effects of banana tree residues managements and mineral fertilizers use options on soil chemical properties and maize yield in a banana tree / maize rotation system in western Burkina Faso In Burkina Faso, the recycling of crop residues for improving the productivity of cropping systems is still a challenge. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the management of banana tree (Musa acuminata C.) residues and mineral fertilizers on both soil chemical characteristics and the yield of maize (Zea mays L.). A split-plot trial with four repetitions comparing four management types of banana tree residues (mulching, burying, burning and exporting) and four application options of mineral fertilizers was conducted in rain-fed and irrigated cropping systems. The results revealed that the maize grain yield increased by 24 to 66.2% with mulching and burying residues (green manure) compared to burning or exporting the banana tree residues. Soil pH, total carbon and nitrogen as well as available potassium were improved by the mulching, burying and burning compared to exporting the banana tree residues. The combined use of the residues and mineral fertilizers significantly improved the maize yield. However, it caused a decrease in the soil pH and total potassium compared to the control treatment. The study demonstrated that mulching and burying banana tree residues in combination with mineral fertilizer improves maize yield.

Dynamics of phosphorus fractions in the rhizosphere of fababean (Vicia faba L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) grown in calcareous and acid soils

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (11) ◽  
pp. 1151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guohua Li ◽  
Haigang Li ◽  
Peter A. Leffelaar ◽  
Jianbo Shen ◽  
Fusuo Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Calcareous Soil ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Rhizosphere Ph ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
Vicia Faba L

The dynamics of soil phosphorus (P) fractions were investigated, in the rhizosphere of fababean (Vicia faba L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) grown in calcareous and acid soils. Plants were grown in a mini-rhizotron with a thin (3 mm) soil layer, which was in contact with the root-mat, and considered as rhizosphere soil. Hedley sequential fractionation was used to evaluate the relationship between soil pH and P dynamics in the rhizosphere of fababean and maize. Soil pH influenced the dynamics of P fractions in both calcareous and acid soils. Fababean and maize roots decreased rhizosphere pH by 0.4 and 0.2 pH units in calcareous soil, and increased rhizosphere pH by 1.2 and 0.8 pH units in acid soil, respectively, compared with the no-plant control. The acid-soluble inorganic P fraction in the rhizosphere of calcareous soil was significantly depleted by fababean, which was probably due to strong rhizosphere acidification. In contrast, maize had little effect on this fraction. Both fababean and maize significantly depleted the alkali-soluble organic P fractions in calcareous soil, but not in acid soil. Fababean and maize utilised different P fractions in soil, which was partly due to their differing abilities to modify the rhizosphere. This study has decoupled successfully the effects of chemically induced pH change from plant growth effects (such as mineralisation and P uptake) on P dynamics. The effect of soil pH on plant exudation response in P-limited soils has been demonstrated in the present study.

Nitrogen levels and age at harvest and their effects on the nutritive value and fermentative characteristics of corn (Zea mays L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-90
Author(s):  
Ricardo Prieto-Prieto ◽  
Elide Valencia ◽  
Rebecca Tirado-Corbalá
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
N Application ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Entire Plant

The experiment consisted of two dates of planting [in September (D1) and February (D2)] of maize (Zea mays L.) DKC 67-60, to evaluate the effect of four N fertilization levels (0, 56, 112 and 185 kg/ha) and three ages at harvest [70, 77 and 84 days after planting (DAP)] on dry matter yield (DMY) of the leaves, stem, ear and of the entire plant; and as indicators of nutritive value [crude protein (CP) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF)] of harvested material prior to ensiling. In both plantings, the levels of N affected (P<0.05) DMY of leaves, stems, ears and entire plant, exhibiting both a linear and a quadratic response, and suggesting that the optimum N application rate is between 112 and 185 kg/ha. Age at harvest date affected (P<0.05) DMY of stems, ears and entire plant, but not that of the leaves. Greater DMY was observed at 84 DAP for all components. The CP concentration was greater in the forage of the first planting (D1). Increasing N application rates increased CP, but had no effect on NDF concentration. Age at harvest had no effect on CP, but progressively increased NDF. Both pH and organic acid concentrations in the silages were similar with the four N levels; all of the silages showed good fermentation characteristics.

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