Dynamics of phosphorus fractions in the rhizosphere of fababean (Vicia faba L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) grown in calcareous and acid soils

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (11) ◽  
pp. 1151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guohua Li ◽  
Haigang Li ◽  
Peter A. Leffelaar ◽  
Jianbo Shen ◽  
Fusuo Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Calcareous Soil ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Rhizosphere Ph ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
Vicia Faba L

The dynamics of soil phosphorus (P) fractions were investigated, in the rhizosphere of fababean (Vicia faba L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) grown in calcareous and acid soils. Plants were grown in a mini-rhizotron with a thin (3 mm) soil layer, which was in contact with the root-mat, and considered as rhizosphere soil. Hedley sequential fractionation was used to evaluate the relationship between soil pH and P dynamics in the rhizosphere of fababean and maize. Soil pH influenced the dynamics of P fractions in both calcareous and acid soils. Fababean and maize roots decreased rhizosphere pH by 0.4 and 0.2 pH units in calcareous soil, and increased rhizosphere pH by 1.2 and 0.8 pH units in acid soil, respectively, compared with the no-plant control. The acid-soluble inorganic P fraction in the rhizosphere of calcareous soil was significantly depleted by fababean, which was probably due to strong rhizosphere acidification. In contrast, maize had little effect on this fraction. Both fababean and maize significantly depleted the alkali-soluble organic P fractions in calcareous soil, but not in acid soil. Fababean and maize utilised different P fractions in soil, which was partly due to their differing abilities to modify the rhizosphere. This study has decoupled successfully the effects of chemically induced pH change from plant growth effects (such as mineralisation and P uptake) on P dynamics. The effect of soil pH on plant exudation response in P-limited soils has been demonstrated in the present study.

scholarly journals Effects of Amending Phosphatic Fertilizers with Clinoptilolite Zeolite on Phosphorus Availability and Its Fractionation in an Acid Soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3162
Author(s):  
Nur Aainaa Hasbullah ◽  
Osumanu Haruna Ahmed ◽  
Nik Muhamad Ab Majid
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
Pot Trials ◽  
Use Efficiency

Soils of the tropics are highly weathered, acidic, and low in phosphorus (P) because of high contents of Al and Fe. Satisfactory P supply is essential to ensure optimum soil and crop productivity. Thus, there is a need for amending soils with zeolite to improve availability of P in acid soils as this mineral can fix Fe and Al instead of P. This study was undertaken to determine the transformations of P fertilizers in acid soils following application of Clinoptilolite zeolite (CZ) in laboratory (incubation) and pot trials. An acid soil was incubated with a recommended fertilization rate and a reduced amount of the existing recommended fertilization by 25% but substituting this reduction with an equivalent amount of CZ. Triple superphosphate (TSP), Egypt Rock phosphate (ERP), and Christmas Island Rock phosphate (CIRP) were used as P sources. Selected soil chemical properties, inorganic P fractions, available P, and total P of the native soil were determined before and after the laboratory and pot trials. Zea mays L. (test crop) plant dry matter production, P concentration, P uptake, and P use efficiency were also determined using standard procedures. Effects of the treatments with CZ compared to the recommended fertilization on P fixation were similar. In the laboratory study, the treatments with TSP showed lower dominance of Fe–P but more pronounced in Al–P, whereas for the RPs, Ca–P was dominant. In the pot study, Al–P, Ca–P, and Fe–P were rather pronounced in the treatments with TSP, ERP, and CIRP, respectively. There was a decrease in exchangeable Al and soil titratable acidity because of the ability of the CZ to increase soil pH. Although the availability of P was not significant with the inclusion of CZ in the incubation study, dry matter production, P concentration, P uptake, and P use efficiency in the pot trial were comparable with that of the existing/recommended fertilization, suggesting that the CZ is beneficial and could be used to reduce the P fertilizer requirement for Zea mays L. cultivation on acid soils. Regardless of type of P fertilizer, prevalence of the moderately labile P fractions (Al–P, Fe–P, and Ca–P) of the incubation and pot studies acted as slow-release P sources to contribute to long-term P release. Further studies on the potential of CZ to reduce fertilization and its effects on soil and crop productivity are essential. It is also important to determine the economic benefits of including CZ in Zea mays L. cultivation.

scholarly journals Chemical and biological changes in compost of wood shavings, sawdust and peat moss

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N'Dayegamiye ◽  
D. Isfan
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Peat Moss ◽  
Wood Shavings ◽  
Vicia Faba L ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Faba Beans ◽  
Short Time

A comparative composting trial with wood shavings (WS), sawdust (SD) and peat moss (PM) was carried out under field conditions. In each, fresh material was mixed with cattle manure in a 2:1 ratio by volume. The initial pH of the WS, SD and PM composts (CST) were 6.2, 5.1 and 5.3, respectively. The chemical and biological changes in CST related to maturity were determined. Samples taken at 0, 12 and 24 mo of composting were also mixed with soil and increasing rates of N and tested as growing media for faba beans (Vicia faba L.) and corn (Zea mays L.) under greenhouse conditions. During composting, the C/N and E4/E6 values decreased in all cases but much more rapidly in WS pile. Thus, after 36 mo of composting, the C/N value decreased from 43 to 17 in WS pile and from 48 to only 35 in PM pile. As indicated by a low C/N ratio (17) and lower humic absorbance values (E4/E6 = 6.4), WS material was practically mature after 24 mo, more rapidly than SD and PM composts which presented initial lowest pH values. The microbial respiration rate (CO2), the pH and N–NO3 values increased during composting in all materials but much more in WS than in SD or PM pile. All composts were not harmful to plant growth even after a short time of composting (12 mo), but yields increased with the duration of composting. These data showed that it was possible to obtain, in field conditions, a compost from ligneous materials in 24 mo. Key words: Compost, composting, corn (Zea mays L.), faba beans (Vicia faba L.), microflora, peat moss, sawdust, wood shavings

Rhizosphere properties in monocropping and intercropping systems between faba bean (Vicia faba L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) grown in a calcareous soil

2013 ◽  
Vol 64 (10) ◽  
pp. 976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haigang Li ◽  
Fusuo Zhang ◽  
Zed Rengel ◽  
Jianbo Shen
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
Vicia Faba L

The processes involving pH modification, carboxylate exudation and phosphorus (P) dynamics in the rhizosphere of crops grown in intercropping are poorly understood. Two groups of maize (Zea mays L.) or faba bean (Vicia faba L.) plants (monocropping) or one group of plant of each species (intercropping) were grown between three 1-mm-thick soil layers; the central soil layer is referred to as inter-rhizosphere, and the two outer soil layers are designated sole-rhizosphere. Faba bean intercropped with maize had an 11% increase in shoot biomass and a 15% increase in P uptake compared with monocropped faba bean. The cropping pattern did not significantly influence maize growth. After 4 weeks of growth, faba bean significantly decreased soil pH in both the sole- and inter-rhizosphere in monocropping, but no effects were apparent for the intercropping rhizosphere. The major carboxylates in the rhizosphere of faba bean were malate (18–45 nmol g–1 soil) and maleate (1.2–2.4 nmol g–1 soil). Only trace amounts of carboxylates were measured in the rhizosphere of monocropped maize. However, intercropped maize had a high concentration of malate (~11 nmol g–1 soil) in both sole- and inter-rhizosphere; the malate was likely exuded by faba bean and was then diffused to the sole-rhizosphere of intercropped maize. The amount of malate exuded by intercropped faba bean was 19% higher than with monocropped plants. The results indicate that diffusion of protons and carboxylates extended the interaction zone between maize and faba bean, and may have contributed to enhancements of P uptake in the intercropping system.

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