scholarly journals Reflection on performance health indicators of the Free State Department of Health in comparison with North West, Northern Cape, Western Cape and Gauteng Provinces of South Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 166-174
Author(s):  
Mncwabe Moses Bonginkosi
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
State Department ◽  
Free State ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
North West ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
Northern Cape

scholarly journals Progress towards the 2020 targets for HIV diagnosis and antiretroviral treatment in South Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leigh F. Johnson ◽  
Rob E. Dorrington ◽  
Haroon Moolla
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Routine Data ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Hiv Diagnosis ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
North West ◽  
South Africans ◽  
Northern Cape

Background: The UNAIDS targets for 2020 are to achieve a 90% rate of diagnosis in HIVpositive individuals, to provide antiretroviral treatment (ART) to 90% of HIV-diagnosed individuals and to achieve virological suppression in 90% of ART patients.Objectives: To assess South Africa’s progress towards the 2020 targets and variations in performance by province.Methods: A mathematical model was fitted to HIV data for each of South Africa’s provinces, and for the country as a whole. Numbers of HIV tests performed in each province were estimated from routine data over the 2002–2015 period, and numbers of patients receiving ART in each province were estimated by fitting models to reported public and private ART enrolment statistics.Results: By the middle of 2015, 85.5% (95% CI: 84.5% – 86.5%) of HIV-positive South African adults had been diagnosed, with little variation between provinces. However, only 56.9% (95% CI: 55.3% – 58.7%) of HIV-diagnosed adults were on ART, with this proportion varying between 50.8% in North West and 72.7% in Northern Cape. In addition, 78.4% of adults on ART were virally suppressed, with rates ranging from 69.7% in Limpopo to 85.9% in Western Cape. Overall, 3.39 million (95% CI: 3.26–3.52 million) South Africans were on ART by mid- 2015, equivalent to 48.6% (95% CI: 46.0% – 51.2%) of the HIV-positive population. ART coverage varied between 43.0% in Gauteng and 63.0% in Northern Cape.Conclusion: Although South Africa is well on its way to reaching the 90% HIV diagnosis target, most provinces face challenges in reaching the remaining two 90% targets.

scholarly journals Range expansion of the economically important Asiatic blue tick, Rhipicephalus microplus, in South Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol 88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nkululeko Nyangiwe ◽  
Ivan G. Horak ◽  
Luther Van der Mescht ◽  
Sonja Matthee
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Rhipicephalus Microplus ◽  
Free State ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Eastern Cape Province ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Northern Cape

The Asiatic blue tick, Rhipicephalus microplus, a known vector of bovine babesiosis and bovine anaplasmosis, is of great concern in the cattle industry. For this reason, detailed knowledge of the distribution of R. microplus is vital. Currently, R. microplus is believed to be associated mainly with the northern and eastern Savanna and Grassland vegetation in South Africa. The objective of the study was to record the distribution of R. microplus, and the related endemic Rhipicephalus decoloratus, in the central-western region of South Africa that comprises Albany Thicket, Fynbos and Savanna vegetation. In this survey, ticks were collected from 415 cattle in four provinces (Eastern Cape, Northern Cape and Western Cape and Free State provinces) and from the vegetation in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa between October 2013 and September 2015. More than 8000 ticks were collected from cattle at 80 localities of which R. microplus was present at 64 localities and R. decoloratus at 47 localities. A total of 7969 tick larvae were recorded from the vegetation at 20 localities of which 6593 were R. microplus and 1131 were R. decoloratus. Rhipicephalus microplus was recorded in each of the regions that were sampled. Rhipicephalus microplus is now present throughout the coastal region of the Eastern Cape province and at multiple localities in the north-eastern region of the Northern Cape province. It was also recorded in the western region of the Western Cape province and one record was made for the Free State province. The observed range changes may be facilitated by the combined effects of environmental adaptability by the tick and the movement of host animals.

Four new species and one new subspecies of Lachenalia (Hyacinthaceae) from arid areas of South Africa

Bothalia ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. D. Duncan
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Species ◽  
Free State ◽  
Arid Areas ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
New Subspecies ◽  
Northern Cape

Four new species of Lachenalia are described: L. karooica W.F.Barker ex G.D.Duncan from the Great Karoo and southwestern Free State, L. perryae G.D.Duncan from the Little Karoo and southern Cape, as well as L neilii W.F.Barker ex G.D.Duncan and L. alba W.F.Barker ex G.D.Duncan, both from the Nieuwoudtville-Calvinia District of the Northern Cape. In addition, a newsubspecies, L. marginata W.F.Barker subsp. neglecta Schltr. ex G.D.Duncan is described from the Western Cape.

South Africa

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marius Schneider ◽  
Vanessa Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Free State ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Gauteng Province ◽  
East Central ◽  
South West Coast ◽  
Northern Cape ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
The Republic

The Republic of South Africa, known as South Africa, occupies the most southern tip of Africa with a coastline stretching from the border of Namibia on the Atlantic Ocean (south-west coast) of Africa, down to the tip of Africa and then north along the south-east coast to the border of Mozambique on the Indian Ocean. South Africa is bordered by Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Eswatini (formerly Swaziland), and Mozambique and surrounds the small landlocked Kingdom of Lesotho in the east-central region of South Africa. The total area of South Africa is approximately 1.22 million square kilometres (km), with a population of an estimated 58.78 million (2019). The country is divided into nine provinces, Western Cape, Eastern Cape, Northern Cape, Free State, Kwa-Zulu Natal, Northwest, Gauteng, Mpumalanga, and Limpopo. Gauteng Province is the most densely populated province with approximately 809.6 people per square kilometre, Kwa-Zulu Natal being the second most densely populated at 120.7 people per square kilometre, with Western and Eastern Cape following substantially behind at 59.1 and 51.1 people per kilometres respectively. There are three capitals in South Africa: Pretoria in the Gauteng province (administrative), Cape Town in the Western Cape (Legislative), and Bloemfontein in the Free State (Judicial). The

Three new species of Lachenalia (Hyacinthaceae: Massonieae) from Western and Northern Cape, South Africa

Bothalia ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. D. Duncan ◽  
T. J. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Species ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Southwestern Part ◽  
Cape Peninsula ◽  
Northern Cape ◽  
Three New Species

This is the sixth in a series of papers on Lachenalia, towards a revision of the genus. Three new species are described. L. lutea from the southwestern part of the Western Cape, L. cernua from the southern Cape Peninsula and the Worcester Valley of the Western Cape, and L. nardousbergensis from the Bokkeveld Plateau of the Northern Cape, and the Nardousberge and Middelburg Plateaus of the Western Cape.

scholarly journals Human cystic echinococcosis in South Africa

2012 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Mogoye ◽  
Colin N. Menezes ◽  
Martin P. Grobusch ◽  
Kerstin Wahlers ◽  
John Frean
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Cystic Echinococcosis ◽  
12S Rrna ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Laboratory Service ◽  
North West ◽  
Retrospective Data Analysis ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Northern Cape

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is caused by the tapeworm, Echinococcus granulosus. The tapeworms resides in the small intestines of canids and the lifecycle involves both intermediate and definitive hosts. Humans are accidental intermediate hosts. Cystic echinococcosis is an economically important infection constituting a threat to public health, and is considered an emerging disease around the world. There are at least 10 Echinococcus strain types (G1 – G10), each exhibiting diversity of morphology, development and host range. The epidemiology of CE is poorly understood in South Africa. A retrospective data analysis of the National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS) laboratory information system on echinococcosis serology, microscopy and histopathology results in eight provinces (excluding KwaZula-Natal) showed an overall positivity rate in submitted diagnostic samples of 17.0% (1056/6211), with the Eastern Cape (30.4%), North West (19.0%) and Northern Cape (18.0%) provinces showing highest rates. The data showed considerable variability between provinces. The review also showed that most proven cases were negative on serology, implying that the actual number of patients could be underestimated. To our knowledge, no data exist about the prevalent strains of E. granulosus and this prospective study will attempt to fill that gap. The aim is to genotype strains causing the disease in South Africa. Two different polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods will be used to respectively target the 12S rRNA and nad 1 genes. To date, three samples have been genotyped as G1, G5 and G6; suggesting diversity of strains prevalent in the country, but more data is needed for a clearer picture.

scholarly journals I.—On the Diamond Fields of South Africa

1871 ◽  
Vol 8 (80) ◽  
pp. 50-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Rupert Jones
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Free State ◽  
The South ◽  
South Side ◽  
North West ◽  
South West ◽  
Vaal River

Diamond Region.—The diamond-bearing region in South Africa, as at present known, is chiefly within the valley ofthe Vaal River and some of its tributaries (as the Modder and the Vet); but it is known also to extend down the Orange (Gariep) Valley for a few miles after the junction of its two great branches, the Ky Gariep (Vaal) and the Nu Gariep (CradockRiver). Bloemhof on the Vaal, two hours (12 miles) south-west of Potscherfstroom (Trans-vaal), is the reported locality ofthe most northern diamond-find. Below, for a distance of 370 miles, the plain has yielded diamonds, at several places, on both sides of the river, at Hebron, Klipdrift (near Pniel), Zitzikammsi, Vogelstmis Pan, Sitlacomie's Village, Sikoneli's Village, Nicholson's Farm, Kalk Farm (near Litkatlong), etc.; and on the south side of tie Orange River, they have been found some miles north-west of Hopetown, at Probeerfontein, Roodekop, David's Pan, etc. Diamondsare also said to have been found a few miles east of Fauresmith, on a branch of the Modder, about 100 miles south by east of Litkatlong; also a few miles south of Winburg (also in the Orange River Free State), in the upper drainage of the Vet River, about 80 miles from the Vaal.

Two new species, two rediscoveries and a range extension in Lachenalia (Asparagaceae: Scilloideae) from southern and western South Africa

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 316 (3) ◽  
pp. 261 ◽  
Author(s):  
GRAHAM DUNCAN
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Species ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Range Extension ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Northern Cape

Two recently discovered species of Lachenalia from South Africa, Lachenalia barbarae from the Overberg district of the Western Cape and Lachenalia adamii from the Bokkeveld escarpment of the Northern Cape, are described. In addition, details of the rediscovery of two species previously thought to be possibly extinct in the wild, Lachenalia martleyi from the Overberg district in the Western Cape and Lachenalia macgregoriorum from the Bokkeveld plateau in the Northern Cape, are provided, as well as a range extension for the critically endangered Lachenalia moniliformis from the Breede River Valley in the Western Cape.

scholarly journals Influencing Factors of Maize Production in South Africa: The Case of Mpumalanga, Free State and North West Provinces

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-34
Author(s):  
Andisiwe Diko ◽  
Wang Jun
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Free State ◽  
The South ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
North West ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Multi Stage

Aims: Maize is of great significance in the national food security of South Africa. Maize production levels in South Africa continue to decline, further deteriorating the situation of increased food insecurity, unemployment and increased poverty levels in the face of increasing population. This paper investigated fundamental variables influencing maize yield in the South African major maize producing regions. Study Design: A multi-stage stratified sampling method was employed to select maize producing farmers in the major maize producing provinces, namely Mpumalanga, Free State and North West provinces of South Africa. Furthermore, three districts were selected from which maize farmers were then selected. Methodology: Using linear multiple regression for a sample of 202 maize farmers, maize yield as a dependent variable was regressed against land size, fertilizer usage, labour, herbicides and seeds as independent variables. The paper employed the Cobb-Douglas production function to estimate parameters. The data obtained from the field were subjected to analysis using inferential statistics using SPSS v20. Results: The study showed that fertilizer, labour, and herbicides used in the production of maize in the study area were positively and statistically significant at a 5% confidence interval (P<0.05) with elasticity coefficients of 0.55, 0.47 and 0.198 respectively. The independent variables computed in the model had positive elasticity coefficients indicating a direct positive relationship between the input variables and maize output. The study also revealed that farmers in the study area were applying fewer amounts of fertilizer than the recommended rates per hectare. Conclusion: The study recommends that the South African government should supply inputs to maize farmers at subsidized rates to promote correct application rates and attain higher yields.  The promotion of good quality extension services to foster good agricultural practices in the production of maize is also recommended.

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