scholarly journals Clinical-Dynamical Features of Alcohol Use Disorder and Mood Disorders Considering the Chronology of Their Comorbidity Formation

Psychiatry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
O. V. Roshchina ◽  
G. G. Simutkin ◽  
N. A. Bokhan
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Rapid Evolution ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Mental Health Research ◽  
Addictive Disorders ◽  
Whitney Test ◽  
Mann Whitney Test

Background. The comorbid course of Mood Disorders (MD) and Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is a problem actively discussed by national and foreign researchers. Scientists pay close attention to clinical and pathodynamic polymorphism of symptoms in their works. Objective of the study: to compare the Clinical-Dynamical characteristics of AUD and MD, taking into account the formation chronology of their comorbidity, in a clinical sample of the specialized psychiatric hospital. Patients and methods: the study enrolled 56 patients under treatment in Department of Affective Disorders or Addictive Disorders of Mental Health Research Institute Clinics with a comorbid diagnosis of AUD (F10.2 according to ICD-10) and MD (F31–F34.1 according to ICD10). The Clinical-Dynamic, Psychometric and Statistical Methods were used in work. Results: according to statistical analysis in the case of the primary onset of AUD a relatively later formation of the comorbidity was shown (p = 0.001, Mann–Whitney test) and a higher frequency of Dysthymia as a Secondary MD (p = 0.043, chi-square test). Inspite of relatively shorter Duration of the Disease (p = 0.001, Mann–Whitney test), Secondary AUD characterized by rapid evolution of clinical and dynamic traits: the Alcohol Tolerance and Duration of Withdrawal Symptoms are comparable to the Primary AUD (p = 0.739, Mann–Whitney test; p = 0.359, Mann–Whitney test), and slightly shorter Duration of Light Gaps (p = 0.087, Mann–Whitney test) and Heavy Drinking Days (p = 0.034, Mann–Whitney test). A Psychometric study of the severity of symptoms of Depression, Anxiety and Craving for alcohol in the dynamics of psychopharmacotherapy demonstrate their comparability both at the beginning of treatment and by the 28th day of therapy (p > 0.05, Mann–Whitney test). Thereby, AUD developed in the background of a formed MD characterized by a prognostically unfavorable course of Disease.

Nalmefene against alcohol use disorder: A report of one case

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s866-s866
Author(s):  
M. Juncal Ruiz ◽  
O. Porta Olivares ◽  
L. Sánchez Blanco ◽  
R. Landera Rodríguez ◽  
M. Gómez Revuelta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Opioid Receptor ◽  
Treatment Option ◽  
Withdrawal Syndrome ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Family Relationship ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome

IntroductionAlcohol consumption represents a significant factor for mortality in the world: 6.3% in men and 1.1% in women. Alcohol use disorder is also very common: 5.4% in men and 1.5% in women. Despite its high frequency and the seriousness of this disorder, only 8% of all alcohol-dependents are ever treated. One potentially interesting treatment option is oriented toward reducing alcohol intake.AimsTo describe one case who has improved his alcohol consumption after starting treatment with nalmefene, an opioid receptor antagonist related to naltrexone.MethodsA 35-year-old male with alcohol use disorder since 2001 came to our consult in November 2015. He was in trouble with his family and he had a liver failure. We offer a new treatment option with nalmefene 18 mg to reduce alcohol consumption.ResultsBefore to start nalmefene he drank 21 drinks/week. Six-month later, he decreased alcohol intake until 5 drinks/week with better family relationship and liver function. After starting nalmefene he complained of nausea, so we recommend to take the middle of the pill for next 7 days. After this time he returned to take one pill with good tolerance and no more side effects or withdrawal syndrome.ConclusionsNalmefene appears to be effective and safe in reducing heavy drinking and in preventing alcohol withdrawal syndrome due to its opioid receptor antagonism. This case suggests nalmefene is a potential option to help patients, who do not want or cannot get the abstinence, in reducing their alcohol consumption.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

A 6-Month Randomized Trial of a Smartphone Application, UControlDrink, in Aiding Recovery in Alcohol Use Disorder

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Conor Farren ◽  
Aoife Farrell ◽  
Aisling Hagerty ◽  
Cliodhna McHugh
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Text Messaging ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Smartphone Application ◽  
Smartphone App ◽  
Control Group

<b><i>Background and Aims:</i></b> Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a substantial problem, causing early death and great economic burden. Research has highlighted the potential positive impact of technological interventions, such as smartphone applications (app) in treatment of AUD. The aim of this study was to explore the effectiveness of a smartphone app, incorporating computerized cognitive behavioural therapy and text messaging support, on alcohol outcomes over 6 months in a post-rehabilitation setting. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A total of 111 participants with AUD were recruited into this randomized controlled trial, following completion of a 30-day rehabilitation programme. The intervention group (<i>n</i> = 54) used the smartphone app “UControlDrink” (UCD) over 6 months with treatment as usual (TAU), and the control group (<i>n</i> = 57) received TAU. All subjects suffered from AUD as the primary disorder, with other major psychiatric disorders excluded. All intervention subjects used the UCD smartphone app in the treatment trial, and all subjects underwent TAU consisting of outpatient weekly support groups. Drinking history in the previous 90 days was measured at baseline and at 3- and 6-month follow-ups. Additional measurements were made to assess mood, anxiety, craving, and motivation. Results were analysed using intention-to-treat analyses. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Retention in the study was 72% at 3 months and 52% at 6 months. There was a significant reduction in heavy drinking days in the intervention group relative to TAU over the 6 months, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.02. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The UCD smartphone app demonstrates a significant benefit to reducing heavy drinking days over a 6-month post-rehabilitation period in AUD.

scholarly journals Can Alcohol Use Disorder Recovery Include Some Heavy Drinking? A Replication and Extension up to 9 Years Following Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 1862-1874
Author(s):  
Katie Witkiewitz ◽  
Matthew R. Pearson ◽  
Adam D. Wilson ◽  
Elena R. Stein ◽  
Victoria R. Votaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Heavy Drinking

scholarly journals Effects of topiramate on neural responses to alcohol cues in treatment-seeking individuals with alcohol use disorder: preliminary findings from a randomized, placebo-controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reagan R. Wetherill ◽  
Nathaniel Spilka ◽  
Kanchana Jagannathan ◽  
Paige Morris ◽  
Danielle Romer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Cue Reactivity ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Alcohol Cues ◽  
Brain Responses ◽  
The Right

AbstractTopiramate, a GABA/glutamate modulator, is efficacious in reducing alcohol consumption, though the mechanisms underlying this effect are not well characterized. This study analyzed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from 22 heavy drinkers enrolled in a 12-week placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial of topiramate to examine the effects of topiramate on alcohol cue-elicited brain responses, craving, and heavy drinking in individuals with DSM-5 alcohol use disorder. Patients were randomized to receive either topiramate (maximal daily dosage of 200 mg/day) or placebo and were administered an fMRI alcohol cue-reactivity task at baseline (before starting medication) and after 6 weeks of double-blind treatment. Analyses compared the topiramate (n = 12) and placebo (n = 8) groups on (1) the change in brain responses during alcohol cue exposure (vs non-alcohol cues) within five a priori regions of interest related to reward—the bilateral and medial orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and bilateral ventral striatum (VS) and (2) change in craving and heavy drinking days (HDDs) from baseline and scan 2. Topiramate, relative to placebo, reduced alcohol cue-elicited activation of the left VS, bilateral OFC, and medial OFC, alcohol cue-elicited craving, and HDDs between baseline and 6 weeks of treatment. The reduction in alcohol cue-elicited activation in the medial OFC correlated with reductions in craving, and reduced activation in the right VS, right OFC, and medial OFC correlated with the reduction in HDD. This preliminary study provides evidence that topiramate’s attenuation of alcohol cue-elicited brain activation and craving are key elements of the drug’s neurobiological mechanism of action in reducing heavy drinking.

scholarly journals Prevention, screening, and treatment for heavy drinking and alcohol use disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 1054-1067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin Knox ◽  
Deborah S Hasin ◽  
Farren R R Larson ◽  
Henry R Kranzler
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Heavy Drinking
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