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Trials ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siobhan Wong ◽  
Leanne Hassett ◽  
Harriet Koorts ◽  
Anne Grunseit ◽  
Allison Tong ◽  
...  

Abstract Background There is currently little evidence of planning for real-world implementation of physical activity interventions. We are undertaking the ComeBACK (Coaching and Exercise for Better Walking) study, a 3-arm hybrid Type 1 randomised controlled trial evaluating a health coaching intervention and a text messaging intervention. We used an implementation planning framework, the PRACTical planning for Implementation and Scale-up (PRACTIS), to guide the process evaluation for the trial. The aim of this paper is to describe the protocol for the process evaluation of the ComeBACK trial using the framework of the PRACTIS guide. Methods A mixed methods process evaluation protocol was developed informed by the Medical Research Council (MRC) guidance on process evaluations for complex interventions and the PRACTIS guide. Quantitative data, including participant questionnaires, health coach and administrative logbooks, and website and text message usage data, is being collected over the trial period. Semi-structured interviews and focus groups with trial participants, health coaches and health service stakeholders will explore expectations, factors influencing the delivery of the ComeBACK interventions and potential scalability within existing health services. These data will be mapped against the steps of the PRACTIS guide, with reporting at the level of the individual, provider, organisational and community/systems. Quantitative and qualitative data will elicit potential contextual barriers and facilitators to implementation and scale-up. Quantitative data will be reported descriptively, and qualitative data analysed thematically. Discussion This process evaluation integrates an evaluation of prospective implementation and scale-up. It is envisaged this will inform barriers and enablers to future delivery, implementation and scale-up of physical activity interventions. To our knowledge, this is the first paper to describe the application of PRACTIS to guide the process evaluation of physical activity interventions. Trial registration Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) Registration date: 10/12/2018.


2022 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Cui ◽  
Jason D. Robinson ◽  
Rudel E. Rymer ◽  
Jennifer A. Minnix ◽  
Paul M. Cinciripini

With the increasing availability of smartphones, many tobacco researchers are exploring smartphone-delivered mobile smoking interventions as a disseminable means of treatment. Most effort has been focused on the development of smartphone applications (apps) to conduct mobile smoking research to implement and validate these interventions. However, developing project-specific smartphone apps that work across multiple mobile platforms (e.g., iOS and Android) can be costly and time-consuming. Here, using a hypothetical study, we present an alternate approach to demonstrate how mobile smoking cessation and outcome evaluation can be conducted without the need of a dedicated app. Our approach uses the Qualtrics platform, a popular online survey host that is used under license by many academic institutions. This platform allows researchers to conduct device-agnostic screening, consenting, and administration of questionnaires through Qualtrics's native survey engine. Researchers can also collect ecological momentary assessment data using text messaging prompts with the incorporation of Amazon Web Services' Pinpoint. Besides these assessment capabilities, Qualtrics has the potential for delivering personalized behavioral interventions through the use of JavaScript code. By customizing the question's web elements in Qualtrics (e.g., using texts, images, videos, and buttons), researchers can integrate interactive web-based interventions and complicated behavioral and cognitive tasks into the survey. In conclusion, this Qualtrics-based methodology represents a novel and cost-effective approach for conducting mobile smoking cessation and assessment research.


Author(s):  
Deborah E Seale ◽  
Cynthia M LeRouge ◽  
Jennifer E Ohs ◽  
Donghua Tao ◽  
Helen W. Lach ◽  
...  

The Patient 3.0 Profile is used to explore to the patient engagement strategies of early adopter baby boomers' in three domains: 1) patient relationships, 2) health information use and 3) consumer health technology (CHT) use. Findings from six focus groups with early adopter boomers challenge prior notions about older adults' passive approach to patient engagement. Baby boomers want to make final healthcare decisions with input from providers. While adept at finding and critically assessing online health information for self-education and self-management, boomers want providers to curate relevant and trustworthy information. Boomers embrace CHTs offered through providers (i.e., patient portals, email and text messaging) and sponsored by wellness programs (i.e., diet and activity devices and apps). However, there is no indication they add information to their online medical records or use CHT for diagnosis, treatment or disease management. Additional resources are needed to encourage widespread adoption, support patient effectiveness, and confirm cost-benefit.


2022 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 694-706
Author(s):  
Stephanie Liwanag ◽  
◽  
Ma. Andrea Alfaro ◽  
Wilfred Carlos ◽  
Jerald Cruz ◽  
...  

Purpose–The purpose of this study is to develop a Personal Emergency Alert Device Containing Real-time Location which can be used by anyone particularly women and children who need help especially in times of emergency. Method–Arduino Nano, Global Positioning System, and Global System for Mobile Communication were utilized as the main components of the device, which was evaluated in the aspect of appearance through its size, weight, product design, casing, and functionality through its accuracy in displaying information, text messaging capabilities, and location tracking. In order to optimize the product’s specifications, it underwent assessment and evaluation by experts in the field. The study used product development design. There were twenty (20) respondents in total, comprising of five (5) Electronics Engineer and fifteen (15) Electronics Engineering students who were selected using purposive sampling techniques. The responses were gathered from the students by handing out questionnaires, which were eventually tallied, tabulated, processed and treated using statistical treatment.Results–The structure of the device is excellent. The product also passed the evaluation of the expert respondents in terms of functionality since it is excellent in accessing the information, delivering the right information, and finding exact locations. The device is thus functional as it serves its purpose.Conclusion–The structure of the device is excellent. The product also passed the evaluation of the expert respondents in terms of functionality since it is excellent in accessing the information, delivering the right information, and finding exact locations. The device is thus functional as it serves its purpose.Recommendations–It is recommended that the product developers should reduce the device size. They should also ensure that the casing and design are attractive to make the device noticeable. Moreover, to further improve the functionality of the device, product developers should track the exactlocation instead of coordinates. They should also consider which cellular network works best for different places. Lastly, to augment the results and findings of this study, further research undertakings on this topic should be conducted.Research Implications–The users of this product can help summon assistance in case of emergency. Practical Implications–Anyone who is experiencing emergency cases will just press the button for them to be tracked and be saved.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan Jiang ◽  
Erin S. Rogers ◽  
Ana Paula Cupertino ◽  
Xiaoquan Zhao ◽  
Francisco Cartujano-Barrera ◽  
...  

BACKGROUND Smoking remains a major public health issue among Chinese immigrants. Smoking cessation programs that focus on this population are scarce and have a limited population-level impact due to the low reach. Mobile messaging interventions have the potential to reach large audiences and expand smokers’ access to cessation programs. OBJECTIVE This study describes the development of a culturally and linguistically appropriate mobile messaging smoking cessation intervention for Chinese immigrant smokers delivered via WeChat, the most frequently used social media platform among Chinese globally. METHODS This study consisted of two phases. In phase 1, we developed a mobile message library based on Social Cognitive Theory (SCT). We culturally adapted messages from two SCT-based text messaging smoking cessation programs (i.e., SmokefreeTXT and Decídetexto). We also developed new messages tailored to Chinese immigrant smokers who are not ready to quit smoking and messages addressing their barriers to quitting and misconceptions (e.g., willpower, nicotine replacement therapy). In phase 2, we conducted in-depth interviews with 20 Chinese immigrant smokers (7 females) in New York City between July and August 2021. The interviews explored participants’ smoking and quitting experiences, followed by the assessment of messages. Participants reviewed 17 messages (6 educational messages, 3 self-efficacy messages, and 8 skill messages) on their phone via WeChat. They rated each message on a 0-10 visual analog scale to indicate to what extent the message enhanced their motivation to quit, promoted confidence in quitting, and increased awareness about quitting strategies. We assessed participants’ understanding of the messages, sought feedback on poorly rated messages, and explored their preferences for content, length, and format. Participants also provided feedback about their concerns with the WeChat cessation intervention and recommendations for frequency and timing of messages. RESULTS Overall, participants reported that the messages enhanced their motivation to quit, offered encouragement, and made them more informed about how to quit. Participants particularly liked the messages about the harms of smoking and strategies for quitting. They reported barriers to applying some of the quitting strategies, including the lack of skills to cope with stress and stay abstinent at work. Participants expressed strong interests in the WeChat mobile messaging cessation intervention and commented on the intervention’s potential to expand their access to smoking cessation treatment (e.g., take minimum time, access information at times of their convenience). CONCLUSIONS Mobile messages are well accepted by Chinese immigrant smokers. Research is needed to assess the feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy of WeChat mobile messaging smoking cessation interventions on promoting abstinence among Chinese immigrant smokers. CLINICALTRIAL NA


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anahita Davoudi ◽  
Natalie Lee ◽  
Thaibinh Luong ◽  
Timothy Delaney ◽  
Elizabeth Asch ◽  
...  

Background: Free-text communication between patients and providers is playing an increasing role in chronic disease management, through platforms varying from traditional healthcare portals to more novel mobile messaging applications. These text data are rich resources for clinical and research purposes, but their sheer volume render them difficult to manage. Even automated approaches such as natural language processing require labor-intensive manual classification for developing training datasets, which is a rate-limiting step. Automated approaches to organizing free-text data are necessary to facilitate the use of free-text communication for clinical care and research. Objective: We applied unsupervised learning approaches to 1) understand the types of topics discussed and 2) to learn medication-related intents from messages sent between patients and providers through a bi-directional text messaging system for managing participant blood pressure. Methods: This study was a secondary analysis of de-identified messages from a remote mobile text-based employee hypertension management program at an academic institution. In experiment 1, we trained a Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) model for each message type (inbound-patient and outbound-provider) and identified the distribution of major topics and significant topics (probability >0.20) across message types. In experiment 2, we annotated all medication-related messages with a single medication intent. Then, we trained a second LDA model (medLDA) to assess how well the unsupervised method could identify more fine-grained medication intents. We encoded each medication message with n-grams (n-1-3 words) using spaCy, clinical named entities using STANZA, and medication categories using MedEx, and then applied Chi-square feature selection to learn the most informative features associated with each medication intent. Results: A total of 253 participants and 5 providers engaged in the program generating 12,131 total messages: 47% patient messages and 53% provider messages. Most patient messages correspond to blood pressure (BP) reporting, BP encouragement, and appointment scheduling. In contrast, most provider messages correspond to BP reporting, medication adherence, and confirmatory statements. In experiment 1, for both patient and provider messages, most messages contained 1 topic and few with more than 3 topics identified using LDA. However, manual review of some messages within topics revealed significant heterogeneity even within single-topic messages as identified by LDA. In experiment 2, among the 534 medication messages annotated with a single medication intent, most of the 282 patient medication messages referred to medication request (48%; n=134) and medication taking (28%; n=79); most of the 252 provider medication messages referred to medication question (69%; n=173). Although medLDA could identify a majority intent within each topic, the model could not distinguish medication intents with low prevalence within either patient or provider messages. Richer feature engineering identified informative lexical-semantic patterns associated with each medication intent class. Conclusion: LDA can be an effective method for generating subgroups of messages with similar term usage and facilitate the review of topics to inform annotations. However, few training cases and shared vocabulary between intents precludes the use of LDA for fully automated deep medication intent classification.


Author(s):  
April Rose Articuna Zaragosa ◽  

The Registrar Information System through SMS is design and develop a computer-based system that is able to provide a real-time information through SMS to students regarding of their academic records. It has a two-way interactive text messaging functionality in a Registrar’s office of Northern Iloilo Polytechnic State College Main Campus, Estancia, Iloilo. The architectural design used in this system is two-tier architecture. The developed system employed a descriptive and developmental research design. Respondents of the study were the 354 students enrolled officially in School Year 2016-2017 using a standard questionnaire International Standard Organization / International Electrotechnical Commission 25010. The Rapid Application Development Model was used in the Software Development Life Cycle. MySQL for the database, vb.net language and Windows operating system development environment. The usability of the feature of the developed system is Very Good in terms of delivering important academic information to every student. The performance of the developed system is fully functional when it comes to all the processes such as enrolling, encoding the grades, reliable and efficient to the students in sending/ receiving academic information provided to clienteles.


Author(s):  
Karina Malyanova

The authors analyze the criminalistic methodology of investigating the sales of narcotic drugs and potent substances on the information and telecommunication network Internet. They present statistical data and examples of the new ways and means of distributing narcotics and potent substances through Internet platforms. The authors have analyzed the causes and conditions for the mass dissemination and use of narcotics and potent substances in the situation of modern society’s transition to the new era of innovative technologies. They examined the issue of the development of the sales of narcotics and potent substances using the platforms RAMP and HYDRA, and the possibilities of bulk phone text messaging of links to these sites. The authors suggest measures on improving the cooperation of the law enforcement bodies with other agencies with the goal of preventing the distribution and sales of narcotics and potent substances on the Internet.


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