Penerapan Atraumatic Care dengan Kecemasan Anak Pra-Sekolah Saat Proses Hospitalisasi

Pendahuluan: Hospitalisasi merupakan suatu keadaan krisis pada anak, saat anak sakit dan dirawat di rumah sakit. Sakit dan dirawat di rumah sakit merupakan pengalaman yang tidak menyenangkan dan sebagian besar proses keperawatan menjadikan anak takut bahkan trauma. Pelayanan Atraumatic care merupakan suatu pelayanan perawatan terapeutik dalam tatanan pelayanan kesehatan anak melalui penggunaan tindakan yang mengurangi distres fisik maupun distres psikologis yang dialami anak maupun orang tua. Penerapan atraumatic care dengan audiovisual yaitu memberikan video kartun, terapi ini sangat efektif mengurangi kecemasan pada anak yang mengalami hospitalisasi. Tujuan menurunkan angka kecemasan akibat hospitalisasi dengan Atraumatic care. Metode penelitian yaitu quasi eksprimen dengan rancangan pre and posttest control group. Analisa data menggunakan uji wilcoxon dan untuk menguji perbedaan dua kelompok menggunakan uji independent test atau Mann Whitney test. Sampel 56 anak prasekolah. Hasil: Ada perbedaan kecemasan anak prasekolah saat hospitalisasi pada kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol (p value 0,001). Kesimpulan ada pengaruh penerapan atraumatik audio-visual pada kecemasan anak prasekolah. Saran sebaiknya menerapkan atraumatic care audio visual untuk mengurangi kecemasan anak pra-sekolah.

COVID-19 Pandemic: How Effective Are Preventive Control Measures and Is a Complete Lockdown Justified? A Comparison of Countries and States

For fighting the COVID-19 pandemic, countries used control measures of different severity, from “relaxed” to lockdown. Drastic lockdown measures are considered more effective but also have a negative impact on the economy. When comparing the financial value of lost lives to the losses of an economic disaster, the better option seems to be lockdown measures. We developed a new parameter, the effectiveness of control measures, calculated from the 2nd time derivative of daily case data, for 92 countries, states and provinces. We compared this parameter, and also the mortality during and after the effective phase, for countries with and without lockdowns measures by means of the Mann–Whitney test. We did not find any statistically significant difference in the effectiveness between countries with and without lockdowns (p > 0.76). There was also no significant difference in mortality during the effective phase (p > 0.1); however, a significant difference after the effective phase, with higher mortality for lockdown countries, was identified. The effectiveness correlated well with a parameter derived from the reproductive number (R2 = 0.9480). The average duration of the effective phase was 17.3 ± 10.5 days. The results indicated that lockdown measures are not necessarily superior to relaxed measures, which in turn are not necessarily a recipe for failure. Relaxed measures are, however, more economy-friendly.

THE EFFECT OF VIRTUAL LEARNING THROUGH ONLINE LEARNING SYSTEM (SPADA) ON STUDENTS' LEARNING OUTCOMES IN ALGEBRAIC STRUCTURE COURSE IN DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS EDUCATION, MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF MAKASSAR

This study aims to determine the effect of treatment on student learning outcomes in the algebraic structure course at the Department of Mathematics Education of the University of Muhammadiyah Makassar in virtual learning through the online learning system (SPADA). This study is a quasi-experimental design with a post-test-only control group whose results were analyzed using descriptive analysis and inferential analysis (mann whitney test). The population is the class of 2019 who is programming an algebraic structure course consisting of 3 classes, then a sample consisting of 2 classes was selected, namely, one experimental class taught through SPADA, and one control class taught in addition to using SPADA, namely, zoom meeting, google meet, email, and whatsApp groups. The instrument used is a test of student learning outcomes. The results obtained are that the average learning outcomes of students who are taught through SPADA are higher than the average learning outcomes of students who are taught other than through SPADA, but the results of the Mann Whitney test show that there is no significant difference from the learning outcomes of students who have been taught through SPADA or other than SPADA. Researchers suggest that providing virtual learning not only relies on one learning media but also on the synergy between one media and another, which will further optimize virtual learning.

Male vs. Female Differences in Responding to Oxygen–Ozone Autohemotherapy (O2-O3-AHT) in Patients with Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS)

(1) Background: Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) is a syndrome that has fatigue as its major symptom. Evidence suggests that ozone is able to relieve ME/CFS-related fatigue in affected patients. (2) Objective: To evaluate whether differences exist between males and females in ozone therapy outputs in ME/CFS. (3) Methods: In total, 200 patients previously diagnosed with ME/CFS (mean age 33 ± 13 SD years) underwent treatment with oxygen–ozone autohemotherapy (O2-O3-AHT). Fatigue was investigated via an FSS 7-scoring questionnaire before and following 1 month after treatment. (4) Results: The Mann-Whitney test (MW test) assessed the significance of this difference (H = 13.8041, p = 0.0002), and female patients showed better outcomes than males. This difference was particularly striking in the youngest age cohort (14–29 years), and a KW test resulted in H = 7.1609, p = 0.007 for the Δ = 28.3% (males = 3.8, females = 5.3). (5) Conclusions: When treated with O2-O3-AHT, females respond better than males.

Pelatihan Prophetic Parenting untuk Menurunkan Stres Pengasuhan pada Ibu dengan Anak Disabilitas Tunanetra

<p align="center">ABSTRACT</p><p>This study aims to determine the effect of prophetic parenting training in reducing parenting stress in mothers with children with disabilities. This study involved 7 mothers of children with disability that had parenting stress from the moderate to very high parental stress scores. The seven mothers were divided into two groups, 3 in the experimental group and 4 in the control one. Prophetic parenting training was carried out four times within a two-hour session. Parenting stress was measured using the parenting stress scale from Abidin (Ahern, 2004) adapted by Kurniawan (2012) with a total of 36 items and coefficient α=0.82. Pretest were done before training, posttest 1 was done after training, and posttest 2 was done two weeks after training. The result analysis of friedman test showed that score of p=0.043 (p&lt;0.05). Mann whitney test showed that the measurement of posttes 1 with the score of p=0.054 (p&gt;0.05) and postest 2 with the score of p=0.017 (p&lt;0.05). Hence, it be concluded that the prophetic parenting training has brought the significant effect on the reduction of parenting stress among mothers with the child with disabilities (blind) after getting the time to practice prophetic parenting. The qualitative analisys also supported the result by showing a positive change experienced by each subject in the emotional, behavioral, and spiritual aspect.</p><p> </p><p>Keywords: prophetic parenting training, parenting stress, chld with disability (blind)</p><p align="center"><strong>ABSTRAK </strong></p><p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pelatihan <em>prophetic parenting </em>dalam menurunkan stres pengasuhan pada ibu dengan anak disabilitas (tunanetra) Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah 7 ibu dari anak disabilitas tunanetra yang memiliki skor stres pengasuhan dengan kategori sedang hingga sangat tinggi. Tujuh subjek terbagi pada dua kelompok yakni 3 orang kelompok eksperimen dan 4 orang kelompok kontrol. Pelatihan <em>prophetic parenting </em>dilakukan sebanyak empat kali pertemuan. Stres pengasuhan diukur menggunakan skala stres pengasuhan dari Abidin yang diadaptasi oleh Kurniawan dengan jumlah aitem sebanyak 36 aitem dengan koefisien α=0.82. Prates dilakukan sebelum pelatihan, pascates 1 dilakukan setelah pelatihan, dan pascates 2 dilakukan dua minggu setelah pelatihan. <em>Friedman test</em> menghasilkan signifikansi sebesar p=0.043 (p&lt;0.05). Uji <em>mann whitney</em> menunjukkan bahwa pengukuran pascates 1 memiliki nilai p=0.054 (p&gt;0.05) dan pascates 2 memiliki nilai p=0.017 (p&lt;0.05). Oleh karena itu dapat disimpulkan bahwa pelatihan <em>prophetic parenting </em>memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap penurunan stres pengasuhan pada ibu dengan anak disabilitas (tunanetra) setelah mendapatkan waktu untuk mempraktikkan <em>prophetic parenting</em>. Hal tersebut didukung oleh analisis kualitatif yang menunjukkan adanya perubahan positif yang dialami subjek kelompok eksperimen dalam aspek emosi, kognitif, perilaku, dan spiritual.</p><p> </p>Kata kunci: pelatihan <em>prophetic parenting</em>, stres pengasuhan, anak disabilitas (tunanetra)

Etnomatematika : Persamaan Garis Lurus dengan Media Geogebra

The development of GeoGebra media is a technology contribution to the education's world, especially mathematics. The use of GeoGebra media and its association with egrang game aim to instill the concept of parallelism, perpendicularity, crossing, and slope of the line. This study aims to see how the students mathematics understanding ability is and whether the enhancement of it by using Geogebra media is better than ordinary learning. The samples were students in grade VIII at SMPN 1 Cibinong in 2019/2020. The number of samples is 60 students. This research is a quasi-experimental research design with a non–equivalent control group. The instrument was a test (pretest and posttest) to see the n gain of understanding ability. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test. The results are students mathematics understanding ability with Geogebra is not better than without Geogebra and the enhancement of it by using Geogebra media is better than without Geogebra media at SMPN 1 Cibinong in 2019/2020. Keywords: GeoGebra Media, Ethnomathematics, Understanding Ability

Tuberculosis Prevalence Correlation to COVID-19 Mortality in Malaria Free Countries

Background: Both malaria and latent tuberculosis ( LTB) are possible factors related to decreased COVID-19 mortality. The malaria endemicity variable is a possible confounder when conducting a study on the correlation of LTB prevalence to COVID-19 mortality. Studies regarding LTB prevalence" according to different studies" did not adjust malaria endemicity as a possible confounder. Many malaria-endemic countries are high TB prevalent. Malaria-free countries could be: high, moderate, or low in TB prevalence. The main aim of this study is to look for the influence of TB prevalence on COVID-19 mortality. TB prevalence reflects LTB prevalence in the absence of malaria endemicity as a possible confounding factor in TB studies. Material and methods: The total chosen countries were 69 non-malaria endemic countries. Countries were classified according to TB prevalence groups into low, moderate, and high prevalent groups. Covid-19 deaths/Million(M) inhabitants were taken as reported on September 2, 2020. "Kendall's-τ Correlation Coefficient", "Kruskal-Wallis test, and Mann-Whitney test were used in statistical analyses.Results: We found inverse relationships between TB prevalence and COVID-19 deaths/ (M) inhabitants and a highly positive significant correlation coefficient was reported (0.008) in Kendall's-τ correlation coefficient test. Kruskal-Wallis test showed a significant relationship within studied groups. Furthermore, the low TB prevalent group had significant reverse associations with both high and moderate TB prevalent groups in the Mann-Whitney test.Conclusion: In the absence of possible malaria confounding, TB prevalence in malaria-free countries is inversely related to COVID-19 mortality in a highly significant association.

Tingkat Kualitas Tidur Pelajar Selama Pembelajaran Daring

Pandemi COVID-19 tengah merebak di penjuru dunia, termasuk juga di Indonesia. Pemerintah terus berupaya untuk meminimalisir penyebaran dari virus ini, salah satunya dengan kebijakan pembelajaran daring untuk pelajar. Kebijakan ini menjadi kebiasaan baru di kalangan pelajar dan menuntut pelajar untuk mampu beradaptasi. Kebiasaan baru pelajar untuk melakukan pembelajaran secara daring merubah kebiasaan tidur dan mempengaruhi kualitas tidur pelajar. Kualitas tidur akan berdampak terhadap performansi pelajar pada bidang akademik. Kualitas tidur yang buruk menyebabkan sulit untuk berkonsentrasi, menjadi lebih emosional, dan menurunkan tingkat produktivitas. Sampel penelitian terdiri atas 200 pelajar siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas dan Mahasiswa Strata 1 yang melakukan pembelajaran daring yang berdomisili di beberapa daerah di Jawa Timur. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Pengukuran kualitas tidur menggunakan kuesioner Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) dalam Bahasa Indonesia, dan disebarkan secara daring dalam bentuk Google form. Pengolahan data menggunakan statistik deskriptif dengan tabulasi silang dan statistik non-parametrik dengan uji beda Mann-Whitney Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 72,5% responden memiliki kualitas tidur buruk. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa kualitas tidur tidak dipengaruhi oleh jenjang pendidikan dan durasi penggunaan gadget, namun dipengaruhi oleh jenis kelamin dan durasi tidur pada malam hari.

The Mortality of Older Adult Inpatients with Kidney Cancer during the Pandemic: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Background Elderly patients are a vulnerable group during the Covid-19 pandemic, especially those with cancer. Our study aims to identify how Covid-19 impacts elderly inpatients with kidney cancer and determine risk factors associated with increased mortality. Methods Our retrospective cohort study utilized the PUDF dataset and included inpatients over 60-year-old, diagnosed with kidney cancer, and hospitalized within 30-day. Person’s Chi-Square was used to measure the differences between survivors and non-survivors, and the Mann-Whitney test was for non-normality distribution for continuous variables. Then, a binary logistic regression was employed to identify the association between independent variables and mortality. Results Five hundred and twenty-two patients were included in the study, of which 7 (1.4%) died during hospitalization. According to the univariate analysis and Mann-Whitney test, expired patients were more likely to experience older age (p = 0.005), longer length of stay (p = 0.009), ICU (p = 0.012), HMO Medicare Risk (p = 0.005), Covid-19 (p &lt; 0.001), paralysis (p &lt; 0.001), and higher illness severity (p &lt; 0.001). The binary logistic regression revealed that older age (OR = 1.120, 95% CI: 1.004-1.249, p = 0.042) and the SOI (OR = 4.635, 95% CI: 1.339-16.052, p = 0.016) had significantly high odds of mortality. Conclusion The retrospective cohort study reveals that although Covid-19 was not a predictive factor associated with increased mortality, there was a statistically significant difference between the survivor and non-survivor groups. Further studies need to assess its association with kidney cancer or other various types of cancer.

Frailty and Macronutrients Intake Among Older Brazilian Adults

The adequate nutrition has an important role in the prevent and treatment of frailty, however, there are only few studies showing the relationship between macronutrients intake and this geriatric syndrome, especially in Latin countries. The aim of this study was to analyze the association between macronutrients intake and frailty among older adults in Brazil. This study included 521 community-dwelling individuals aged 60 years old or older. Frailty was assessed using a self-reported instrument and individuals were categorized in two groups: frail and non-frail (robust + pre frail). Food consumption was evaluated using the 24-hour recall and the software NDSR®. Differences between groups was assessed using the Mann Whitney test. The prevalence of frailty was 42.0%. Older adults considered frails presented lower intake of calories (1510.9 kcal vs 1639.3 kcal; p = 0.016), carbohydrates (196.8 g vs 213.3 g; p = 0.011), proteins (60.7 g vs 68.5 g; p = 0.016) and fiber (15.1 g vs 17.5 g; p= 0.002). They also had lower intake of protein per kilograms of weight (0.88 g/kg vs 0.99 g/kg; p= 0.010). The findings demonstrate high prevalence of frail in our sample, and that intake of most macronutrients was significantly lower among older adults with frail, indicating the importance of the screening of frail as well the evaluation of macronutrients intake among community-based older adults, to prevent malnutrition, sarcopenia and frailty in this population.