Possibilities of diff usion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in determining the rehabilitation potential of the acute period of ischemic stroke

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-33
Author(s):  
A. A. Kulesh ◽  
V. E. Drobakha ◽  
K. V. Sobyanin ◽  
S. P. Kulikova ◽  
A. Yu. Bykova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Internal Capsule ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
Acute Period ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Rehabilitation Potential ◽  
Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Microstructural Integrity

Studies over the past decade demonstrate the high potential of diff usion-weighted MRI (dMRI) as a modern technique for non-invasive quantitative assessment of the microstructural integrity of the white matter of the brain, which allows predicting some aspects of the rehabilitation potential. Purpose of the study: to calculate the threshold values of fractional anisotropy (FA) of some cerebral tracts, which are informative in determining various aspects of the rehabilitation potential in the acute period of ischemic stroke. Patients and methods. We examined 100 patients with ischemic stroke and 10 persons without stroke and cognitive impairment. All patients underwent dMRI and clinical assessment of indicators of rehabilitation potential at discharge. Results. The NIHSS at discharge is associated with the size of infarction, the FA of the anterior, posterior leg and knee of the internal capsule, the superior longitudinal, cingular and inferior fronto-occipital bundles. Similar associations were noted for the Rivermead mobility index and the Rankin scale. The function of the hand according to the Frenchay scale is associated with the size of the lesion, FA of the anterior leg of the internal capsule, superior longitudinal, inferior fronto-occipital and cingular bundles. The MoCA is interrelated only with the size of the infarction and the FA of the anterior leg of the internal capsule, the Berg scale — with the size of the lesion and the FA of the upper longitudinal bundle, the FIM scale — with the FA of the upper longitudinal, inferior fronto-occipital and cingular bundles. The threshold values of FA of the cerebral tracts which are most informative in determining various aspects of the rehabilitation potential in the acute period of ischemic stroke were determined. Conclusion. The quantitative assessment of the FA of the main projection and associative tracts is informative in relation to the determination of the rehabilitation potential in the acute period of ischemic stroke.

Abstract TP75: Normal Appearing White Matter Integrity and Motor Impairment Severity in Acute Ischemic Stroke

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carson Ingo ◽  
Chen Lin ◽  
James Higgins ◽  
Yurany Arevalo ◽  
Shyam Prabhakaran
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Motor Impairment ◽  
Internal Capsule ◽  
Posterior Limb ◽  
Normal Appearing White Matter ◽  
Stroke Group ◽  
Microstructural Integrity

Introduction: The effect of white matter hyperintensities (WMH) as measured by fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) magnetic resonance imaging on functional impairment and recovery after ischemic stroke has been investigated thoroughly. However, there has been growing interest to investigate normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) microstructural integrity following ischemic stroke onset with techniques such as diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Methods: 52 patients with acute ischemic stroke and 36 without stroke were evaluated with a DTI and FLAIR imaging protocol and clinically assessed for severity of motor impairment using the Motricity Index within 72 hours of suspected symptom onset. Results: There were widespread decreases in fractional anisotropy (FA) and increases in mean diffusivity (MD) and radial diffusivity (RD) for the acute stroke group compared to the non-stroke group. As shown in the abstract figure with the blue voxels, there was a significant positive association between FA and motor function and a significant negative association between MD/RD and motor function. The NAWM regions of interest that were most sensitive to the Motricity Index were the anterior/posterior limb of the internal capsule in the infarcted hemisphere and the splenium of the corpus callosum, external capsule, posterior limb/retrolenticular part of the internal capsule, superior longitudinal fasciculus, and cingulum (hippocampus) of the intra-/contralateral hemisphere. Conclusion: The microstructural integrity of NAWM is a significant parameter to identify neural differences not only between those individuals with and without acute ischemic stroke, but also correlated with severity of acute motor impairment.

scholarly journals Role of cerebral reserve assessed using diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in determining the rehabilitation potential of acute ischemic stroke

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Kulesh ◽  
V. E. Drobakha ◽  
K. V. Sobyanin ◽  
S. P. Kulikova ◽  
A. Yu. Bykova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Internal Capsule ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Diagnostic Significance ◽  
Cingulum Bundle ◽  
Rehabilitation Potential

Fractional anisotropy (FA) estimated using diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) is considered as a promising biomarker in ischemic stroke (IS). The basis of this study is the assumption that the assessment of FA indices for different white matter tracts will be able to predict the main aspects of the rehabilitation potential even without determining the structural and functional bases of these influences.Objective: to study the diagnostic significance of changes in FA indices to assess various aspects of the rehabilitation potential in acute IS.Patients and methods. Examinations were made in 100 patients with IS and in 10 individuals without stroke and cognitive impairment. All the patients underwent dMRI and assessments of rehabilitation potential indicators on days 3 and 10 of the disease and at discharge.Results and discussion. The indices of FA of the ipsilateral upper longitudinal and cingulum bundles, FA and the size of an infarct focus, asymmetry of FA of the cingulum bundle (rFA), corticospinal tract (at the level of the knee of the internal capsule and bridge) and the anterior limb of the internal capsule, as well as the FA of the splenium and knee of the internal capsule of the intact hemisphere are of the most value for the functional outcome of acute IS. The microstructure of these zones determines the state of most rehabilitation domains. With respect to global outcome, the integrity of the associative tracts of the affected hemisphere is more valuable than the microstructure of the intact hemisphere and rFA. The tracts of the intact hemisphere are of particular importance for the restoration of complex rehabilitation spheres, such as cognitive status and daily living and social skills, which is necessary to ensure patient independence.Conclusion. The FA indices of the tracts under study seem to be a clinically acceptable biomarker of various aspects of the rehabilitation potential in acute IS. 

scholarly journals System of autonomic balance in ischemic stroke acute period and its influence on rehabilitation potential

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
D. R. Khasanova ◽  
◽  
R. L. Magsumova ◽  
T. V. Danilova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Autonomic Balance ◽  
Acute Period ◽  
Rehabilitation Potential

scholarly journals Role of the intact hemisphere in determining the rehabilitation potential in the acute period of ischemic stroke: a diffusion and perfusion model

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Kaileva ◽  
A. A. Kulesh ◽  
N. Kh. Gorst ◽  
A. Yu. Bykova ◽  
V. E. Drobakha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Period ◽  
Perfusion Model ◽  
Rehabilitation Potential

Quantitative Assessment of Soluble Fibrin in Plasma by Affinity Chromatography – A Comparative Study with desAA-Fibrin, desAABB-Fibrin and Fibrinogen

1985 ◽  
Vol 54 (02) ◽  
pp. 533-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilfried Thiel ◽  
Ulrich Delvos ◽  
Gert Müller-Berghaus
Keyword(s):  
Affinity Chromatography ◽  
Calcium Ions ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Fluid Phase ◽  
Soluble Fibrin ◽  
Binding Characteristics ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Immobilized Proteins ◽  
Sepharose 4B

SummaryA quantitative determination of soluble fibrin in plasma was carried out by affinity chromatography. For this purpose, desAA-fibrin and fibrinogen immobilized on Sepharose 4B were used at the stationary side whereas batroxobin-induced 125I-desAA-fibrin or thrombin-induced 125I-desAABB-fibrin mixed with plasma containing 131I-fibrinogen represented the fluid phase. The binding characteristics of these mixtures to the immobilized proteins were compared at 20° C and 37° C. Complete binding of both types of fibrin to the immobilized desAA-fibrin was always seen at 20° C as well as at 37° C. However, binding of soluble fibrin was accompanied by substantial binding of fibrinogen that was more pronounced at 20° C. Striking differences depending on the temperature at which the affinity chromatography was carried out, were documented for the fibrinogen-fibrin interaction. At 20° C more than 90% of the applied desAA-fibrin was bound to the immobilized fibrinogen whereas at 37° C only a mean of 17% were retained at the fibrinogen-Sepharose column. An opposite finding with regard to the tested temperature was made with the desAABB-fibrin. Nearly complete binding to insolubilized fibrinogen was found at 37° C (95%) but only 58% of the desAABB-fibrin were bound at 20° C. The binding patterns did not change when the experiments were performed in the presence of calcium ions. The opposite behaviour of the two types of soluble fibrin to immobilized fibrinogen at the different temperatures, together with the substantial binding of fibrinogen in the presence of soluble fibrin to insolubilized fibrin in every setting tested, devaluates affinity chromatography as a tool in the quantitative assessment of soluble fibrin in patients’ plasma.

INFLUENCE OF OFFICE BLEACHING SYSTEMS ON THE RESISTANCE OF HARD TOOTH TISSUES

2020 ◽  
pp. 119-125
Author(s):  
Magsumova O.A. ◽  
Postnikov M.A. ◽  
Ryskina E.A. ◽  
Tkach T.M. ◽  
Polkanova V.A.
Keyword(s):  
Informed Consent ◽  
Oral Fluid ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Acid Resistance ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Hard Tissues ◽  
Voluntary Informed Consent

One of the non-invasive methods for treating discoloration of hard tooth tissues is teeth whitening. The aim of this work is to assess the dynamics of changes in the acid resistance of enamel and hard tissues of teeth and the rate of its remineralization after the procedure of office teeth whitening. The study involved 123 patients aged 18 to 35 years with discoloration of various origins, with the color of hard tooth tissues on the Vita Classic A2 scale and darker. Before performing the office, teeth whitening procedure, all patients gave their written voluntary informed consent to participate in this study, as well as consent to the processing of personal data. Depending on the chosen method of office teeth whitening, patients were divided into 3 groups. The resistance of hard tooth tissues was judged based on the determination of TOER and CASRE tests. These indicators were determined at various times (5 days before the office teeth whitening procedure, 5 days after it, after 14, 30 days and 6 months). Regardless of the chosen whitening system, the office teeth whitening procedure is accompanied by a decrease in the enamel's resistance to acids and a decrease in the rate of its remineralization. The remineralizing function of oral fluid promotes the positive dynamics of the studied parameters after 14 days and after 30 days values increased due to the appointment of remineralizing therapy to all patients in 2 weeks after the teeth whitening procedure. After 6 months, all patients had high enamel resistance and the rate of its remineralization.

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