Paris’ μαχλοσύνη, a Mistranslated Aeschylean Fragment, and the Meanings of μάχλος (Hom. Il. 24.30, Aesch. fr. 325 Radt)

Mapping Intimacies ◽

10.30687/978-88-6969-548-3/032 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Albio Cassio

Keyword(s):

Sexual Arousal ◽

Modern Times ◽

Original Meaning

An Aeschylean fragment (325 Radt) in which a grapevine is called μάχλος is twice quoted by Eustathius of Thessalonica, who explains μάχλος as meaning ῥεομένη ‘flowing’, in connection with lewdness (καταφέρεια) and specifically μαχλοσύνη ‘feminine sexual arousal’, hapax in Homer (Il. 24.30) but well attested afterwards. In modern times Aeschylean μάχλος has systematically been mistranslated, and the botanical background of ῥεομένη completely ignored. As a matter of fact, both the probable Indo-European etymology of μάχλος and Eustathius’ explanation point to an original meaning ‘wet’, which soon became specialised as a sexual term for vaginal wetness linked to sexual arousal (cf. German läufig). This means that μαχλοσύνη was more specific and disturbing than our ‘lasciviousness’ and helps explain the ancient attempts at getting rid of it at Iliad 24.30.

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Mengenal Manhaj Tafsir Fazrul Rahman

Jurnal Iman dan Spiritualitas ◽

10.15575/jis.v1i2.11616 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Badruzzaman M. Yunus ◽

Muhammad Rizaldi Syahputra ◽

Asep Sufian Sya'roni

Keyword(s):

Historical Context ◽

Primary Source ◽

Research Data ◽

Data Sources ◽

Modern Times ◽

Sense Data ◽

The Past ◽

Original Meaning ◽

Library Research ◽

Research Show

This research on Manhaj Tafsir Fazlur Rahman aims to describe and describe the methods or approaches used by Fazlur Rahman in interpreting the Qur'an. This research was conducted through library research. The study is descriptive and analytical, that is, analytical in a historical and philosophical sense. Data concerning the methodological thinking of interpreting the Koran can be traced back to Rahman's writing (primary source). The research data is in the form of works by Fazlur Rahman in interpreting various Qur'an verses. Meanwhile, the data sources that will be explored in this paper are Rahman's interpretations, which are widely published in multiple books in Indonesia. The results of his research show that diversity in both the method (manhaj / tariqah), style (nau'), and approaches (alwan) used is something that cannot be avoided in a work of interpretation. Although interpretive works have appeared in modern times, their interpretation still follows classical and medieval patterns. For Fazrul Rahman, tafsir's essence is how an interpreter can create an authentic meaning (original meaning) from reading through the historical context of the past. He captures all moral aspects to contextualize meaning in the present with a new methodology.

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Classical Roman Law, a product of interpretation from the Early Modern Times

Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis / Revue d Histoire du Droit / The Legal History Review ◽

10.1163/15718190-00870a08 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 87 (4) ◽

pp. 575-597

Author(s):

Laurent Waelkens

Keyword(s):

Early Modern ◽

Twelfth Century ◽

English Summary ◽

Roman Law ◽

Modern Times ◽

Original Meaning ◽

Early Modern Times ◽

Roman Antiquity

SummaryThe study of the Roman law we know today, started in the twelfth century and was based on sources preserved from Roman Antiquity. The interpretation of these antique texts was, however, always contemporary and never reflected their original meaning. In this article we assess the importance of medieval and early modern interpretation and, by analyzing a series of thirteen classical notions of Roman law, illustrate how what we call “classical Roman law” nowadays found its origins especially in Early Modern Times. The article also brings an English summary of a series of articles we wrote in French and Dutch.

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Painting 1 Enoch: Biblical Interpretation, Theology, and Artistic Practice

Biblical Theology Bulletin Journal of Bible and Culture ◽

10.1177/0146107920934698 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 50 (3) ◽

pp. 136-153

Author(s):

Philip F. Esler ◽

Angus Pryor

Keyword(s):

Biblical Interpretation ◽

Artistic Practice ◽

Close Collaboration ◽

New Approach ◽

Modern Times ◽

Original Meaning ◽

Works Of Art ◽

The Creation ◽

Biblical Texts ◽

1 Enoch

This article inaugurates a new approach to biblical interpretation that involves close collaboration on a particular text between a biblical interpreter (Philip Esler) and a practicing artist (Angus Pryor), culminating in the production of works of art that generate a new understanding of the text in question. This approach reflects the recent scholarly interest in how artists who paint biblical scenes are active interpreters of biblical texts. Here the text selected is 1 Enoch, while the artworks in question are four 2 x 2 meter paintings, in oil on canvas, that depict pivotal scenes from that text. The collaboration draws on Ethiopian tradition reflecting the scriptural status and widespread influence of 1 Enoch in Ethiopia and the fact that the complete text of the work was only preserved there until its rediscovery in modern times. The interpretative process includes a focus on the original meaning of 1 Enoch, which then influences the creation of artworks laden with theological meaning. This approach is equally available to interpreters more interested in the contemporary (rather than the historical) meaning of other biblical and extra-biblical texts where the connection with national traditions, if present, may be quite different.

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