Reviewing the Anxiety in Pregnant Mothers with Fetuses Having Positive Cardiac Anomaly and Its Relation with Birth Outcomes

AbstractThis study uses data collected in the West Bank to study the effect of intrauterine exposure to conflict during the Second Intifada on birth weight. We use the number of fatalities in a locality of residence during pregnancy as an instantaneous measure of local conflict intensity. Conditional on experiencing any fatality, pregnant mothers were exposed to 11 fatalities on average, which was related to a reduction in average birth weight of about 20 g (or 3 % of a standard deviation). Although the estimated reductions are only significant for boys. Our results are consistent with the notion that violent conflict triggers prenatal psychological or economic stress in pregnant women, which in turn harms unborn children.

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Low cost local food supplements could improve maternal and birth outcomes: a pilot randomized controlled trial

10.1101/2020.08.24.20136762 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Kun Aristiati Susiloretni ◽

Dyah Nur Subandriani ◽

Elisa Ulfiana ◽

Trina Astuti ◽

Sunarto Sunarto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Outcomes ◽

Local Food ◽

Low Cost ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Food Supplements ◽

Food Supplementation ◽

Control Group ◽

Protein Food ◽

Pregnant Mothers

Objectives. Maternal nutrition plays a crucial role in influencing fetal growth and birth outcomes. The government of Indonesia has provided a manufactured fortified food supplementation program for undernourished pregnant mothers. We hypothesized a low-cost local food supplementation (LFS) would improve maternal and birth outcomes compared with government food supplementation (GFS). Methods. We conducted a randomized control trial. We enrolled 54 pregnant mothers with MUAC<23.5cm who were assigned into two groups. The intervention group received LFS and multiple micronutrient supplements (MMS). The control group received the GFS and iron and folic acid supplements (IFA). LFS was a balanced energy protein food supplement made from nuts and fish. LFS and GFS contained approximately 500kcal energy and 10grams protein. We compared the effectiveness of these two interventions using logistic and linear regression. Results. At the baseline, the two groups had similar characteristics. After 60 days of treatment, mothers in the LFS group were 2.28 folds more likely to increase MUAC (RR 2.28; 95%CI 1.58,3.27, p<0.001) and 4.73 folds to increase gestational weight (RR 4.73; 95%CI 1.37,16.3, p=0.015) than were mothers in the GFS group. For birth outcomes, in the LFS group had reduction of birthweight <3000grams (RR 0.15; 95%CI 0.023,0.98; p=0.048), short birth length (RR 0.068; 95%CI 0.005,0.93; p=0.044), and cesarean delivery (RR 0.11; 95%CI 0.022,0.61, p=011) as compared to the GFS group. Conclusions for Practice. Local foods and MMS supplementation can improve maternal and birth outcomes. Therefore, local food supplements can be considered for food supplementation programs to undernourished pregnant mothers.

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Assessment of Adverse Birth Outcomes and Associated Factors among Diabetic Pregnant Mothers Who Delivered at Mettu Karl Hospital, Illubabor Zone, South West Ethiopia-2018

Internal Medicine Open Access ◽

10.4172/2165-8048.1000300 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 09 (01) ◽

Author(s):

Abdisa Boka ◽

Dessalegn Nigatu

Keyword(s):

Birth Outcomes ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Adverse Birth Outcomes ◽

South West ◽

South West Ethiopia ◽

Pregnant Mothers

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Development of the Foramen Secundum in the Chick as Observed by Scanning Electron Microscopy

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100091044 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 34 ◽

pp. 212-213

Author(s):

M.J.C. Hendrix ◽

D.E. Morse

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽

Procaine Hydrochloride ◽

Cardiac Anomaly ◽

Chick Embryos ◽

Congenital Cardiac Anomaly ◽

Septal Defects ◽

Critical Point Drying ◽

Scanning Electron

Atrial septal defects are considered the most common congenital cardiac anomaly occurring in humans. In studying the normal sequential development of the atrial septum, chick embryos of the White Leghorn strain were prepared for scanning electron microscopy and the results were then extrapolated to the human heart. One-hundred-eighty chick embryos from 2 to 21 days of age were removed from their shells and immersed in cold cacodylate-buffered aldehyde fixative . Twenty-four embryos through the first week post-hatching were perfused in vivo using cold cacodylate-buffered aldehyde fixative with procaine hydrochloride. The hearts were immediately dissected free and remained in the fixative a minimum of 2 hours. In most cases, the lateral atrial walls were removed during this period. The tissues were then dehydrated using a series of ascending grades of ethanol; final dehydration of the tissues was achieved via the critical point drying method followed by sputter-coating with goldpalladium.

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