Influence of Pair-housing on Sleep Parameters Evaluated with Actigraphy in Female Rhesus Monkeys

Rhesus monkeys are naturally social animals, and behavioral management strategies have focused on promoting pairhousingin laboratory settings as an alternative to individual or group housing. In humans, co-sleeping can have a major impact on bed partners’ sleep, raising the possibility that pair-housing also may influence sleep parameters in monkeys. In the present study, we investigated if pair-housing would impact home-cage partner’s sleep in female rhesus monkeys, and if nighttime separation using socialization panels would alter this pattern. Sleep parameters of 10 experimentally naïve adult female rhesus monkeys (5 pairs) were evaluated for 7 consecutive days using actigraphy monitors attached to primate collars. Paired animals then were separated by socialization panels during the night, and sleep-associated measures were evaluated for 7 consecutive days. The data showed that sleep efficiency was significantly lower when monkeys were pairhoused as compared with when they were separated. On the nights when subjects were pair-housed, a positive correlation was detected for sleep measures (both sleep latency and efficiency) of both members of a pair (R2’s = 0.16–0.5), suggesting that pair-housing influences sleep quality. On nights when subjects were separated, no correlations were observed for sleep measures between members of the pairs (R2’s = 0.004–0.01), suggesting that when separated, the home-cage partner’s sleep no longer influenced the partner’s sleep. Our results indicate that pair-housing has a strong impact on the home-cage partner’s sleep, and that this pattern can be prevented by nighttime separation using socialization panels. Studies evaluating sleep in pair-housed monkeys should consider the effects that the partner’s sleep may have on the subject’s sleep. Sleep is a biologic phenomenon and experimental outcome that affects physical and behavioral health and altered sleep due to pair-housing may affect a range of research outcomes.

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Effects of Prenatal Cocaine Exposure on Brain Dopamine Receptor Function, Behavior, and Cocaine Reinforcement in Adult Male and Female Rhesus Monkeys

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e654422011-001 ◽

2011 ◽

Author(s):

Michael A. Nader

Keyword(s):

Dopamine Receptor ◽

Adult Male ◽

Rhesus Monkeys ◽

Receptor Function ◽

Cocaine Exposure ◽

Brain Dopamine ◽

Prenatal Cocaine Exposure ◽

Male And Female ◽

Prenatal Cocaine ◽

Female Rhesus

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Evaluating Sleep Characteristics in Intensive Care Unit and Non-Intensive Care Unit Physicians

Anaesthesia and Intensive Care ◽

10.1177/0310057x1103900614 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 39 (6) ◽

pp. 1071-1075 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

G. Ok ◽

H. Yilmaz ◽

D. Tok ◽

K. Erbüyün ◽

S. Çoban ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intensive Care Unit ◽

Intensive Care ◽

Shift Work ◽

Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index ◽

Sleep Latency ◽

Total Sleep Time ◽

Total Activity ◽

Sleep Time ◽

Sleep Parameters ◽

Icu Physicians

Healthcare workers’ cognitive performances and alertness are highly vulnerable to sleep loss and circadian rhythms. The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in sleep characteristics of intensive care unit (ICU) and non-ICU physicians. Actigraphic sleep parameters, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale were evaluated for ICU and non-ICU physicians on the day before shift-work and on three consecutive days after shift-work. Total sleep time, sleep latency, wakefulness after sleep onset, total activity score, movement fragmentation index, sleep efficiency, daytime naps and total nap duration were also calculated by actigraph. In the ICU physicians, the mean Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score was significantly higher than the non-ICU physicians (P=0.001), however mean Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores were not found significantly different between the two groups. None of the scores for objective sleep parameters were statistically different between the groups when evaluated before and after shift-work (P >0.05). However in both ICU and non-ICU physicians, sleep latency was observed to be decreased within the three consecutive-day period after shift-work with respect to basal values (P <0.001). Total sleep time, total activity score and sleep efficiency scores prior to shift-work were significantly different from shift-work and the three consecutive-days after shift-work, in both groups. Working in the ICU does not have an impact on objective sleep characteristics of physicians in this study. Large cohort studies are required to determine long-term health concerns of shift-working physicians.

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Estradiol, progesterone, and sex hormone‐binding globulin in female rhesus monkeys ( Macaca mulatta )

Journal of Medical Primatology ◽

10.1111/j.1600-0684.1993.tb00678.x ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 22 (5) ◽

pp. 320-324

Author(s):

C. Longcope ◽

C. Bukowski ◽

J. Tast

Keyword(s):

Macaca Mulatta ◽

Rhesus Monkeys ◽

Sex Hormone ◽

Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽

Hormone Binding ◽

Female Rhesus

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Androgen Receptors in the Cerebral Cortex of Fetal Female Rhesus Monkeys*

Endocrinology ◽

10.1210/endo-119-4-1625 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 119 (4) ◽

pp. 1625-1631 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

SAMUEL A. SHOLL ◽

STEVEN M. POMERANTZ

Keyword(s):

Cerebral Cortex ◽

Rhesus Monkeys ◽

Androgen Receptors ◽

Female Rhesus

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THE EFFECTS OF DEXAMETHASONE AND ANDROGENS ON SEXUAL RECEPTIVITY OF FEMALE RHESUS MONKEYS

Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1677/joe.0.0510575 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 51 (3) ◽

pp. 575-588 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

B. J. EVERITT ◽

J. HERBERT

Keyword(s):

Rhesus Monkeys ◽

Testosterone Propionate ◽

Secretory Activity ◽

Urinary Free Cortisol ◽

Sexual Receptivity ◽

Adrenal Androgens ◽

Electrolyte Metabolism ◽

Free Cortisol ◽

Female Rhesus ◽

The Central Nervous System

SUMMARY The effect of dexamethasone, given either alone or together with testosterone propionate or androstenedione, was studied in nine female rhesus monkeys (paired with three males) by making quantitative observations on behaviour in the laboratory. Dexamethasone (0·5 mg/kg/day) given to oestrogen-treated ovariectomized female monkeys made them sexually unreceptive, and there was an associated decline in the level of the male's mounting activity. Testosterone propionate (100 or 200 μg/day) reversed completely the effects of dexamethasone on sexual behaviour. Androstenedione (100, 200 or 400 μg/day) had similar, but less marked, effects whereas cortisol (10 mg/day) or progesterone (100, 200 or 500 μg/day) were ineffective. Treating a female with testosterone prevented dexamethasone from reducing sexual receptivity. Parallel determinations of urinary free cortisol showed that the dexamethasone had suppressed the secretory activity of the adrenal cortex. There were no consistent changes, under any treatment, in the females' vaginal epithelia, sexual skins or clitorides, or in their water or electrolyte metabolism. These findings indicate that adrenal androgens regulate sexual receptivity in these female primates, probably by an action on the central nervous system.

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Controlled exposure of female rhesus monkeys to 2,3,7,8-TCDD: Concentrations of TCDD in fat of offspring, and its decline over time

Chemosphere ◽

10.1016/0045-6535(90)90245-o ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 20 (7-9) ◽

pp. 1199-1202 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

R.E. Bowman ◽

H.Y. Tong ◽

M.L. Gross ◽

S.J. Monson ◽

N.C.A. Weerasinghe

Keyword(s):

Rhesus Monkeys ◽

Female Rhesus ◽

Controlled Exposure ◽

Over Time

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Negative feedback effects of oestradiol-17ß on luteinizing hormone in female rhesus monkeys under different seasonal conditions

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.1080031 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 108 (1) ◽

pp. 31-35

Author(s):

J. G. Herndon ◽

M. S. Blank ◽

D. R. Mann ◽

D. C. Collins ◽

J.J. Turner

Keyword(s):

Luteinizing Hormone ◽

Breeding Season ◽

Negative Feedback ◽

Rhesus Monkeys ◽

Feedback Effects ◽

Female Rhesus ◽

Time Of Year

Abstract. Suppression of luteinizing hormone (LH) by sc implanted oestradiol-17ß (E2) pellets was examined in 4 ovariectomized female rhesus monkeys during the breeding season, the non-breeding season and during the transition between the breeding and non-breeding season. Immunoreactive LH was suppressed to 58, 78 and 75% of untreated levels for the respective seasonal conditions. Bioactive LH was suppressed to 29, 49 and 33% of baseline. Bioactive LH (determined by testoster-one release from rat interstital cells) was significantly correlated (r = 0.84) with immunoactive LH from the same samples. It is concluded that E2 treatment of ovariectomized female rhesus monkeys results in suppressed levels of LH, regardless of the time of year.

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An increase in in vivo release of LHRH and precocious puberty by posterior hypothalamic lesions in female rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta)

AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1152/ajpendo.00493.2006 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 292 (4) ◽

pp. E1000-E1009 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Bret M. Windsor-Engnell ◽

Etsuko Kasuya ◽

Masaharu Mizuno ◽

Kim L. Keen ◽

Ei Terasawa

Keyword(s):

Precocious Puberty ◽

Rhesus Monkeys ◽

Gaba Release ◽

Good Tool ◽

Subsequent Increase ◽

Female Rhesus ◽

Before And After ◽

Lhrh Release

We have previously shown that a decrease in γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) tone and a subsequent increase in glutamatergic tone occur in association with the pubertal increase in luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) release in primates. To further determine the causal relationship between developmental changes in GABA and glutamate levels and the pubertal increase in LHRH release, we examined monkeys with precocious puberty induced by lesions in the posterior hypothalamus (PH). Six prepubertal female rhesus monkeys (17.4 ± 0.1 mo of age) received lesions in the PH, three prepubertal females (17.5 ± 0.1 mo) received sham lesions, and two females received no treatments. LHRH, GABA, and glutamate levels in the stalk-median eminence before and after lesions were assessed over two 6-h periods (0600–1200 and 1800–2400) using push-pull perfusion. Monkeys with PH lesions exhibited external signs of precocious puberty, including significantly earlier menarche in PH lesion animals (18.8 ± 0.2 mo) than in sham/controls (25.5 ± 0.9 mo, P < 0.001). Moreover, PH lesion animals had elevated LHRH levels and higher evening glutamate levels after lesions, whereas LHRH changes did not occur in sham/controls until later. Changes in GABA release were not discernible, since evening GABA levels already deceased at 18–20 mo of age in both groups and morning levels remained at the prepubertal levels. The age of first ovulation in both groups did not differ. Collectively, PH lesions may not be a good tool to investigate the mechanism of puberty, and, taking into account the recent findings on the role of kisspeptins, the mechanism of the puberty onset in primates is more complex than we initially anticipated.

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