Gäwula: The Invention of a Hybrid Drum in Sri Lanka

2021 ◽  
pp. 137-146
Author(s):  
Eshantha Peiris
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Musical Instruments ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Systematic Method ◽  
Cultural Discourses ◽  
Individual Agency ◽  
Bare Hand ◽  
History Of

In the late 1990s, the Sri Lankan drummer Piyasara Shilpadhipathi invented a new drum that he named ‘gäwula’ The gäwula was conceived of as a hybrid between two traditional Sri Lankan drums, namely the double-conical-shaped gäṭa beraya and the barrel-shaped dawula, which are associated with two different regional ritual traditions. A double-headed drum that is tied around the drummer’s waist, the gäwula features the timbres of the gäṭa beraya on one drumhead and those of the dawula on the other drumhead. As prescribed by the drum’s inventor, the gäwula can be played either with two bare heads or with one bare hand and a stick in the other hand, similar to the dawula. Shilpadhipathi also composed a vocabulary of drum-patterns that can be played on the gäwula and created a systematic method for learning to play it. This article discusses the production of the gäwula, the ideologies behind its invention, and the contexts within which it has been practised and performed. Using the history of the gäwula as a case study, this paper explores how cultural discourses and individual agency can influence the invention of new musical instruments.

Adoption of integrated reporting in Sri Lanka: coverage and trend

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thilini Cooray ◽  
Samanthi Senaratne ◽  
Nuwan Gunarathne ◽  
Roshan Herath ◽  
Dileepa Neelangi Samudrage
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Legitimacy Theory ◽  
Integrated Reporting ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Disclosure Requirements ◽  
Comprehensive Index ◽  
Reporting Framework

Purpose This paper aims to examine the coverage of and trends in reporting content elements in the integrated reports of the Sri Lankan companies following the International Integrated Reporting Framework (IIRF). Design/methodology/approach Based on a comprehensive checklist developed on the content elements of the IIRF, 171 corporate integrated reports were content-analyzed over a period of three years. The results were theorized subsequently using the legitimacy theory. Findings The study identifies that the extent of and trend in the coverage of content elements of the IIRF have increased during the period under consideration despite some under-addressed areas. It indicates that Sri Lankan companies are making progress in the preparation of integrated reports in line with the IIRF, which provides evidence in support of both strategic and institutional perspectives of the legitimacy theory because of the proactive actions taken by managers to acquire legitimacy along with the other normative and mimetic pressures available in the IR landscape. Originality/value This is one of the first studies that evaluate the compliance of IR adopters with the IIRF overtime in the entirety of a single country. It also develops a comprehensive index to capture the disclosure requirements of IR and extends the analysis to a voluntary context using both strategic and institutional perspectives of the legitimacy theory.

Two new species of Lagenandra (Araceae) from the Wet Zone of Sri Lanka

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 522 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-199
Author(s):  
INDRAKHEELA MADOLA ◽  
DEEPTHI YAKANDAWALA ◽  
KAPILA YAKANDAWALA ◽  
SENANI KARUNARATNE
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
The Other ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Taxonomic Key ◽  
The World ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Conservation Assessments ◽  
Wet Zone

Taxonomic revisions are the most reliable pathway in unfolding new species to the world. During such a revision of the genus Lagenandra in Sri Lankan, we came across two new species: Lagenandra kalugalensis and Lagenandra srilankensis from the Wet Zone of Sri Lanka. The two new species were studied in detail and compared with the morphology of the other species described in the genus, and based on field collected data conservation assessments were performed. A detailed description for the two new species and an updated taxonomic key to the Sri Lankan Lagenandra is presented here for easy identification. Recognizing two new endemic members enhances the number of Sri Lankan species of Lagenandra to eleven and global to nineteen. According to the IUCN red data category guidelines, L. kalugalensis qualifies for Critically Endangered category under Criterion B1ab (ii,iii,v) + B2ab (ii,iii,v) while L. srilankensis qualifies for Critically Endangered category under B1ab (iii, iv) + C2 (a) (i, ii). Hence, immediate conservation measures are imperative.

The impacts of terrorism on risk perception and travel behaviour of the Dutch market: Sri Lanka as a case study

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rami K. Isaac ◽  
Annika Van den Bedem
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Travel Behaviour ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This study aims to examine the impact of terrorism on risk perception and travel behaviour of the Dutch market towards Sri Lanka. Design/methodology/approach The research process involved an online self-administered method created with one of the leading research and web-based survey tools called Qualtrics. The questionnaire was filled in by 328 respondents. Findings Findings indicate that Sri Lankan is perceived to be a relatively safe destination. However, the likeliness of visiting the country is unlikely. The respondents with past travel experience (PTE) perceive Sri Lanka to be safer than those without PTE and are more likely to revisit. Male respondents have a higher safety perception of Sri Lanka than women. Most of the respondents see Sri Lanka as an attractive destination and would consider travelling there with children. Research limitations/implications The majority of the respondents are female and aged between 18 to 29 years old. The majority of the respondents’ children were already 19 or older and not accompanying their parents on holiday. This study has managerial implications for Sri Lanka’s tourism board that could work on developing a marketing strategy that focusses on promoting Sri Lanka as a safe destination in combination with all the other unique selling points. Originality/value To the best of author’s knowledge, no analysis has been so far published with a focus on the impact of terrorism on risk perception and attitudes of the Dutch tourist towards Sri Lanka. The aim of this paper is to close the existing gap in the literature and to provide valuable knowledge on the influence of terrorism on risk perception and attitudes of the Dutch tourists’ travel behaviour towards Sri Lanka as a destination.

scholarly journals Transient acquired Fanconi syndrome with unusual and rare aetiologies: A case study of two dogs

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
JY Park ◽  
JH Park ◽  
HJ Han ◽  
JH Kim
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fanconi Syndrome ◽  
The Other ◽  
Babesia Gibsoni ◽  
Hepatic Copper ◽  
History Of ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
Laboratory Examinations ◽  
Aggressive Care

The acquired form of Fanconi syndrome is seldom identified in dogs; those cases that have been reported have been secondary to hepatic copper toxicosis, primary hypoparathyroidism, ingestion of chicken jerky treats, exposure to ethylene glycol, or gentamicin toxicity. However, to the best of our knowledge, there have been no reports of acquired Fanconi syndrome secondary to Babesia infection or ingestion of cosmetics in dogs. We here report on two dogs presented with a history of marked polyuria, polydipsia, and lethargy. Laboratory examinations showed glucosuria with normoglycaemia and severe urinary loss of amino acids. One dog was infected with Babesia gibsoni and the other dog had a history of cosmetics ingestion. The first dog received treatment for Babesia infection and the second dog received aggressive care to correct metabolic acidosis, electrolyte imbalances, and other add-on deficiencies. In both dogs, the Fanconi syndrome was successfully managed following the treatment for the underlying causes. In conclusion, both Babesia infection and cosmetics ingestion should be considered as a possible aetiology for transient acquired Fanconi syndrome in canine patients.

Nest density and other observations on a population of Aneuretus simoni Emery, 1893 (Formicidae, Aneuretinae) and other ants in Indikada Mukalana Forest Reserve in Sri Lanka

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ratnayake K. S. Dias ◽  
Warnakulasuriyage S. Udayakantha
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Current Distribution ◽  
The Other ◽  
Nest Density ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Species Frequency ◽  
Nest Abundance

The Sri Lankan Relict Ant, Aneuretus simoni Emery, survives in several wet zone and intermediate zone forests in Sri Lanka. Nests of this species and other ants were surveyed at 159 m and 291 m elevations in Indikada Mukalana Forest Reserve by laying 20 quadrats of 1 m × 1 m at two plots of each locality in December, 2015. The number of ant nests within each quadrat was recorded; then the frequency of nest occurrence out of 40 quadrats, percentage nest abundance and mean nest density of A. simoni, as well as associated ant fauna were calculated. Percentage frequency of worker ant occurrence was also investigated using pitfall traps. Eighteen genera and 21 species in Aneuretinae, Dolichoderinae, Formicinae, Myrmicinae and Ponerinae were recorded from the two methods. Nests of A. simoni were found only in the locality at 291 m altitude in the forest; 17.5 % of quadrats with an A. simoni colonies, 9.7% of nest abundance in relation to that of other ant species and 0.18 m2 ofmean nest density were observed. Nest density of A. simoni had the fourth rank among that of the other species. Frequency of occurrence of A. simoni workers in the pitfall traps at lower and upper elevations was 2% and 3%, respectively. An actualized map showing the current distribution of A. simoni is produced.

Sri Lanka

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Billimoria
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Religious Art ◽  
Anglican Church ◽  
History Of Christianity ◽  
Church Life ◽  
History Of

This chapter on Sri Lankan Anglicanism looks at the theological basis for contextualization, identifies some Sri Lankan realities, and provides an overview of the history of Christianity in Sri Lanka with a particular emphasis on Anglicanism and its impact. It shows the roots of contextualization in the indigenization movement based on incarnation, and then looks at different aspects of Anglican church life that have been impacted by contextualization such as the church’s ministry and leadership, self-government, architecture and religious art, liturgy, and fundamentally its radical ‘self-theologizing’ with a focus on the role of Bishop Lakshman Wickremesinghe. In conclusion the chapter argues that a distinct ‘Sri Lankan Anglicanism’ exists and asks whether the Anglican Church of Ceylon has fully embraced this distinct identity or is still captive to a colonial past.

scholarly journals Adaptation, translation and reliability of the Australian ‘Juniors Enjoying Cricket Safely’ injury risk perception questionnaire for Sri Lanka

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. e000289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prasanna J Gamage ◽  
Lauren V Fortington ◽  
Caroline F Finch
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Back Translation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

ObjectivesCricket is a very popular sport in Sri Lanka. In this setting there has been limited research; specifically, there is little knowledge of cricket injuries. To support future research possibilities, the aim of this study was to cross-culturally adapt, translate and test the reliability of an Australian-developed questionnaire for the Sri Lankan context.MethodsThe Australian ‘Juniors Enjoying Cricket Safely’ (JECS-Aus) injury risk perception questionnaire was cross-culturally adapted to suit the Sri Lankan context and subsequently translated into the two main languages (Sinhala and Tamil) based on standard forward-back translation. The translated questionnaires were examined for content validity by two language schoolteachers. The questionnaires were completed twice, 2 weeks apart, by two groups of school cricketers (males) aged 11–15 years (Sinhala (n=24), Tamil (n=30)) to assess reliability. Test–retest scores were evaluated for agreement. Where responses were <100% agreement, Cohen’s kappa (κ) statistics were calculated. Questions with moderate-to-poor test–retest reliability (κ<0.6) were reconsidered for modification.ResultsBoth the Sinhala and Tamil questionnaires had 100% agreement for questions on demographic data, and 88%–100% agreement for questions on participation in cricket and injury history. Of the injury risk perception questions, 72% (Sinhala) and 90% (Tamil) questions showed a substantial (κ=0.61–0.8) and almost perfect (κ=0.81–1.0) test–retest agreement.ConclusionThe adapted and translated JECS-SL questionnaire demonstrated strong reliability. This is the first study to adapt the JECS-Aus questionnaire for use in a different population, providing an outcome measure for assessing injury risk perceptions in Sri Lankan junior cricketers.

scholarly journals Islam, Politics and Violence in Eastern Sri Lanka

2011 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 730-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bart Klem
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Muslim Community ◽  
Muslim Identity ◽  
Islam And Politics ◽  
Political Dimensions ◽  
Academic Debate ◽  
Contemporary Islam

This article bridges Sri Lankan studies and the academic debate on the relation between contemporary Islam and politics. It constitutes a case study of the Muslim community in Akkaraipattu on Sri Lanka's war-ridden east coast. Over two decades of ethnically colored conflict have made Muslim identity of paramount importance, but the meanings attached to that identity vary substantively. Politicians, mosque leaders, Sufis and Tablighis define the ethnic, religious and political dimensions of “Muslimness” differently and this leads to intra-Muslim contradictions. The case study thus helps resolve the puzzle of Sri Lankan Muslims: they are surrounded by hostility, but they continue to be internally divided. Akkaraipattu's Muslims jockey between principled politics, pragmatic politics and anti-politics, because they have to navigate different trajectories. This article thus corroborates recent studies on Islam elsewhere that argue for contextualized and nuanced approaches to the variegated interface between Islam and politics.

Zheng Junli, Complicity and the Cultural History of Socialist China, 1949–1976

2006 ◽  
Vol 188 ◽  
pp. 1048-1069 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul G. Pickowicz
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Film Industry ◽  
State Building ◽  
The Other ◽  
Great Leap Forward ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One ◽  
Party State ◽  
Mao Era

This article explores cultural producation during the Mao era (1949–76) by focusing on the evolving relationship between artists and the party-state. The emphasis is on state direction of art in the all-important film industry. From 1949, well-known bourgeois Republican-era artists willingly began the complicated, painful and sometimes deadly process of adjusting to Communist Party state building, nation building and political domination. The career of influential film director Zheng Junli is examined as a case study of creative and strategic accommodation to new circumstances on the one hand, and of complicity on the other. Zheng is seen in his dual and contradictory roles as both trusted, ever loyal insider and unreliable, even degenerate, outsider. His Mao-era films, especially the spectacular Great Leap Forward production of Lin Zexu, are analysed in terms of their political thrust and reception in the difficult-to-predict world of the People's Republic.

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