scholarly journals Cuatro ‘Botijuelas’ recuperadas en el Noroeste de Iberia. Procesos de manufactura y reutilización

2020 ◽  
pp. 35-51
Author(s):  
M. Pilar Prieto Martínez ◽  
Oscar Lantes Suárez ◽  
Francisco Alonso Toucido ◽  
Luis Hixinio Flores Rivas ◽  
Manuel Fernández (Lolo)
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Maritime Trade ◽  
Elementary Composition ◽  
Chaîne Opératoire ◽  
Chaine Operatoire ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Formal Study ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Complete Study

Resumen: La botijuela, “anforeta de Indias” o “olive jar” es un recipiente cerámico de época moderna y contemporánea, de distribución planetaria y vinculada originalmente al comercio marítimo ibérico, empleado como transporte de alimentos, siendo reutilizado frecuentemente y utilizado de diversas formas que no tienen relación con su uso primario. En Galicia se empiezan a documentar con cierta frecuencia estos recipientes pero todavía no se ha realizado ningún estudio sobre las mismas. En este trabajo se presentan los resultados del análisis arqueométrico de cuatro vasijas (tomografía, mineralogía y composición elemental), procedentes de colecciones particulares gallegas, tras haber realizado sobre las mismas un estudio tipológico y formal, y de cara a profundizar en su manufactura, procedencia y cronología (ésta última a partir de la comparación tipológica). Palabras clave: Chaîne opératoire, DRX, FRX, TAC, época moderna.   Abstract: Four ‘Botijuelas' recovered in the Northwest of Iberia. Processes of manufacture and reuseThe “anforeta de Indias”, “botijuela” or “olive jar” is a ceramic container of modern and contemporary period, of planetary distribution and linked originally to the Iberian maritime trade, to transport foods. These items were recycled frequently and used with no relation with his primary use. In Galicia these containers are documented frequently but there is not a complete study about then. In this work we present the results of the archaeometric analysis of four vessels (tomography, mineralogy and elementary composition), after having made on the same a typological and formal study, to deep on his manufacture, chronology and origin. keywords: Chaîne opératoire, DRX, FRX, TAC, Early modern period.

Economic Links with Ayutthaya: Changes in Networks between Japan, China, and Siam in the Early Modern Period

Itinerario ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 92-104
Author(s):  
Ryuto Shimada
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Maritime Trade ◽  
Trade Patterns ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Japan And China

Ayutthaya was a key transit port and a centre for the intra-Asian maritime trade in the early modern period. Consequently, Siam's international trade must have been transformed once the maritime trade in Asia changed on a large scale. This essay aims to offer a systematic picture of the changing trend in the maritime trade in the China Sea region, with particular emphasis on Ayutthaya's trade with Japan and China. To this end, the transition of the Siamese trade will be examined from the point of view of regional trade patterns and how these changed from the mid-seventeenth century to the end of the eighteenth century.This essay has two general purposes. First, it provides a multinational perspective for a comparative study of Japan and China's foreign trade. The second is to use this case study of the Siamese trade to examine the hypothesis posed by Leonard Blussé that the eighteenth century should be regarded as a “Chinese century.”Keeping these aims in mind, I shall analyse the Siamese trade with Japan and China in the long run and after detailed investigation, propose a model for the triangular trade between Japan, China, and Siam.

scholarly journals The Non-Aggression Principle: a Short History

2019 ◽  
pp. 31-88
Author(s):  
Edward W. Fuller
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Short History ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Ancient Chinese ◽  
Private Domain ◽  
Modern Form

This paper traces the historical origins of the non-aggression princi- ple. The central thesis of this paper is that a large and diverse group of history’s most eminent thinkers have expressed ideas very similar to the non-aggression principle. The rudiments of the principle were known to the ancient Egyptians around 2000 BC, the ancient Hindus around 1500 BC, and the ancient Hebrews around 1000 BC. Around 500 BC, the ancient Chinese and Greek philosophers expressed the underlying logic of the principle. Cicero came close to articulating the principle in its modern form. Thomas Aquinas reasserted something strikingly similar to non-aggression after the Dark Ages, and the scholastic philosophers carried the idea into the early modern period. During the seventeenth century, the non-aggression principle rose to the pinnacle of Western philosophy. JEL Classification: B11, B12, K00, P14 Keywords: Non-aggression principle, ethics, libertarianism Resumen: Este artículo traza los orígenes históricos del principio de no agresión. La tesis central es que un amplio y diverso grupo compuesto por algunos de los pensadores más importantes de la historia ha expresado ideas muy similares al principio de no agresión. Los rudimentos de dicho principio eran conocidos por los antiguos egipcios hacia el 2000 a. C., por los hindúes hacia el 1500 a. C., y por los antiguos hebreos hacia el 1000 a. C. Hacia el 500 a. C., los antiguos chinos y los filósofos griegos expresaron la lógica subyacente del principio. Cicerón se acercó a la articulación del principio en su forma mod- erna. Tomás de Aquino reafirmó algo sorprendentemente similar a la no agresión después de la Edad Oscura, y los teólogos católicos llevaron la idea hasta el periodo moderno. Durante el siglo XVII, el principio de no agresión se elevó al pináculo de la filosofía occidental. Clasificación JEL: B11, B12, K00, P14 Palabras clave: Principio de no agresión, ética, libertarianismo “No one may threaten or commit violence (“aggress”) against another man’s person or property. Violence may be employed only against the man who commits such violence; that is, only defen- sively against the aggressive violence of another. In short, no vio- lence may be employed against a nonaggressor.” — Murray N. Rothbard 1974, 116 “The use of coercion can be justified only where this is neces- sary to secure the private domain of the individual against inter- ference by others … coercion should not be used to interfere in that private sphere where this is not necessary to protect others.” — Friedrich Hayek 1976, 221

scholarly journals Organización, atribuciones y funcionamiento del Consejo Real de Navarra bajo el reinado de Catalina de Foix y Juan de Albret (1483-1512)

2020 ◽  
Vol LXXX (274) ◽  
pp. 853-889
Author(s):  
Álvaro Adot Lerga
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Institutional History ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Palabras Clave

This study presents the reform of the Royal Council of Navarre, which took place during the reign of Catherine of Foix and John of Albret. The different measures carried out established the foundation of a new modernized and efficient Royal Council. Its organization, composition and rules and regulations, represented a change with respect to the models which had characterized this Council in medieval times. Keywords: Navarre; Institutional History; Royal Council; Legislative powers, Government and justice; Late Medieval Age; Early Modern period. En este estudio hemos presentado la reforma del Consejo Real de Navarra realizada bajo el reinado de Catalina de Foix y Juan de Albret. Las diversas medidas que se llevaron a cabo lograron establecer las bases de un «moderno», tecnificado y eficaz Consejo Real, cuya organización, composición, normativas y atribuciones supusieron un cambio respecto a los modelos que habían caracterizado a dicho organismo en la época medieval. Palabras clave: Navarra; historia institucional; Consejo Real; atribuciones legislativas, de gobierno y de justicia; Baja Edad Media; Alta Edad Moderna.

From Craft to Institution: Accounting in Italy from the Middle ages to the Early Modern Period

2012 ◽  
pp. 135-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Volkova
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Social Institution ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Technical Standards ◽  
Medieval Italy ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Professional Field

The article describes the evolution of accounting from the simple registration technique to economic and social institution in medieval Italy. We used methods of institutional analysis and historical research. It is shown that the institutionalization of accounting had been completed by the XIV century, when it became a system of codified technical standards, scholar discipline and a professional field. We examine the interrelations of this process with business environment, political, social, economic and cultural factors of Italy by the XII—XVI centuries. Stages of institutionalization are outlined.

Becoming “Indians”: The Jesuit Missionary Path from Italy to Asia

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-50
Author(s):  
Camilla Russell
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Society Of Jesus ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Jesuit Missions ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Italian Provinces ◽  
Jesuit Missionaries ◽  
Jesuit Missionary

The Jesuit missions in Asia were among the most audacious undertakings by Europeans in the early modern period. This article focuses on a still relatively little understood aspect of the enterprise: its appointment process. It draws together disparate archival documents to recreate the steps to becoming a Jesuit missionary, specifically the Litterae indipetae (petitions for the “Indies”), provincial reports about missionary candidates, and replies to applicants from the Jesuit superior general. Focusing on candidates from the Italian provinces of the Society of Jesus, the article outlines not just how Jesuit missionaries were appointed but also the priorities, motivations, and attitudes that informed their assessment and selection. Missionaries were made, the study shows, through a specific “way of proceeding” that was negotiated between all parties and seen in both organizational and spiritual terms, beginning with the vocation itself, which, whether the applicant departed or not, earned him the name indiano.

History of Ardalānids (1590-1810) by Sharaf al-Dīn bin Shams al-Dīn

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-79
Author(s):  
Sara Zandi Karimi
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Historical Narrative ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
History Of ◽  
Critical Translation

This article is a critical translation of the “History of the Ardalānids.” In doing so, it hopes to make available to a wider academic audience this invaluable source on the study of Iranian Kurdistan during the early modern period. While a number of important texts pertaining to the Kurds during this era, most notably the writings of the Ottoman traveler Evliya Chalabi, focus primarily on Ottoman Kurdistan, this piece in contrast puts Iranian Kurdistan in general and the Ardalān dynasty in particular at the center of its historical narrative. Thus it will be of interest not only to scholars of Kurdish history but also to those seeking more generally to research life on the frontiers of empires.Keywords: Ẕayl; Ardalān; Kurdistan; Iran.ABSTRACT IN KURMANJIDîroka Erdelaniyan (1590-1810)Ev gotar wergereke rexneyî ya “Dîroka Erdelaniyan” e. Bi vê yekê, merema xebatê ew e ku vê çavkaniya pir biqîmet a li ser Kurdistana Îranê ya di serdema pêş-modern de ji bo cemawerê akademîk berdest bike. Hejmareke metnên girîng li ser Kurdên wê serdemê, bi taybetî nivîsînên Evliya Çelebî yê seyyahê osmanî, zêdetir berê xwe didine Kurdistana di bin hukmê Osmaniyan de. Lê belê, di navenda vê xebatê de, bi giştî Kurdistana Îranê û bi taybetî jî xanedana Erdelaniyan heye. Wisa jî ew dê ne tenê ji bo lêkolerên dîroka kurdî belku ji bo ewên ku dixwazin bi rengekî berfirehtir derheq jiyana li ser tixûbên împeretoriyan lêkolînan bikin jî dê balkêş be.ABSTRACT IN SORANIMêjûy Erdellan (1590-1810)Em wutare wergêrranêkî rexneyî “Mêjûy Erdellan”e, bew mebestey em serçawe girînge le ser Kurdistanî Êran le seretakanî serdemî nwê bixate berdest cemawerî ekademî. Jimareyek serçawey girîng le ser kurdekan lew serdeme da hen, diyartirînyan nûsînekanî gerîdey ‘Usmanî Ewliya Çelebîye, ke zortir serincyan le ser ‘Kurdistanî ‘Usmanî bûwe. Em berheme be pêçewanewe Kurdistanî Êran be giştî, we emaretî Erdelan be taybetî dexate senterî xwêndinewekewe. Boye nek tenya bo twêjeranî biwarî mêjûy kurdî, belku bo ewaney le ser jiyan le sinûre împiratoriyekan twêjînewe deken, cêgay serinc debêt.

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