scholarly journals Development and validation of CAPS-marker associated with the Rf2 gene in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench)

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-47
Author(s):  
E. E. Radchenko ◽  
N. V. Alpatieva ◽  
Yu. I. Karabitsina ◽  
M. K. Ryazanova ◽  
E. B. Kuznetsova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Pollen Fertility ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Hybrid Breeding ◽  
Sequence Variant ◽  
Chromosome 2 ◽  
Functional Alleles ◽  
Ppr Genes ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Fertility Restorers

Background. The development of heterotic hybrids based on cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is the leading strategy in breeding sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench). The trait of pollen fertility restoration in forms with CMS A1 (milo), predominantly used in sorghum breeding, is determined by at least two dominant complementary genes Rf1 and Rf2, and also gene Rf5. The development of accessible molecular markers of sorghum Rf genes is highly relevant for hybrid breeding, since they can significantly accelerate the process of creating female sterile forms (A lines), sterility maintainers (B lines) and pollen fertility restorers (R lines).Material and methods. The studied material included 36 sorghum accessions from the VIR collection, which differed by the ability to restore pollen fertility in forms with A1-type CMS. The nucleotide polymorphism of 935 bp fragments of the PPR genes Sobic.002G057050, Sobic.002G054100, and Sobic.002G054200 located at the chromosome 2 was studied.Results. The fragments obtained with the use of a pair of 2459403fw and 2459403 primers were 935 bp long and included parts of three genes: Sobic.002G057050, Sobic.002G054100, Sobic.002G054200. For identifying the sequence variant Sobic.002G057050-1090 associated with the Rf2 gene, Tru9 I restrictase was chosen, which allows obtaining a 572 bp fragment unique for all the studied R lines. Such a marker was found in 10 sorghum lines from West China and Kyrgyzstan, which are widely used in breeding as fertility restorers. The fragment was found neither in three lines with sterile cytoplasm and their fertile analogues, nor in 7 accessions of kafir sorghum, which lacked functional alleles of Rf genes.Conclusions. It has been demonstrated that the marker can be used for selection and checking purity of R and B/A lines. It is also applicable for verifying hybridity of F1 seeds and analyzing hybrid populations from crosses of R lines 924-4, 928-1, 929-3, 931-1, 933-1/6, 1237-3, 1243-2, 1251, 1150-1, F10BC2 with A lines Nizkorosloe 81s, А-83 and А-10598. It may be suggested that the ability to restore pollen fertility in R lines, which lack the marker CAPS- 572, is determined by another Rf gene. The studied 935 bp fragment of Sobic.002G057050 harbours 22 SNP, therefore the development of CAPS-markers for their identification and differentiation can be promising.

scholarly journals Inheritance of fertility restoration of A4 cytoplasm in pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.]

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Jorben ◽  
S. P. Singh ◽  
C. Tara Satyavathi ◽  
S. Mukesh Sankar ◽  
Jayant S. Bhat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Pollen Fertility ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Duplicate Genes ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Regional Centre ◽  
Fertility Restorers ◽  
Mode Of Inheritance

Present investigation was carried out to study the mode of inheritance of fertility restoration for A4 cytoplasm using pollen fertility and seed set per cent as criterion in determining the fertile and sterile plants. Two CMS lines of A4 cytoplasm were crossed with two fertility restorers generating four F1 crosses, namely, ICMA 99111 x PPMI 1003, ICMA 99111 x PPMI 1087, ICMA 03999 x PPMI 1003 and ICMA 03999 x PPMI 1087, their F2s and backcross generations. All the F1s were completely fertile indicating complete fertility restoration. F2s and backcross generations were evaluated at IARI, New Delhi and IARI Regional Centre, Dharwad during summer 2017 and χ 2 test was applied to test the significance. At both the locations, all the F2 segregating populations fit well into a Mendelian ratio of 15:1 indicating digenic duplicate dominance of fertility restoring genes with χ 2 value of 0.82, 2.90, 0.04, 3.97, 4.86, 4.98, 0.02, 1.26, 3.15, 4.98, 3.15 and 0.02. The F2 hypothesis was verified with the observed frequency of segregating plants fitting well into 3:1 ration with χ 2 value of 5.45, 1.93, 4.93, 0.60, 2.83, 0.44, 4.94, 2.77, 3.33, 0.13, 4.08 and 1.51. It is further confirmation of the findings that fertility restoration is indeed governed by two duplicate genes. Association between pollen fertility and seed set per cent was significant and positive.

Study of the possibilities of using sunflower lines with different colours of seeds to create poultry feed

Helia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katerina Vedmedeva ◽  
Tatiana Machova
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Fertility ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Pollen Sterility ◽  
Wild Birds ◽  
Hybrid Breeding ◽  
Poultry Feed ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Seed Colour

Abstract Sunflower is used for the production of oil, confectionery and animal feed. Birds are very fond of sunflowers and can be pests of sunflower crops, and are consumers of seeds. Sunflower poultry feed is an emerging market that determines the direction of breeding. Its development is based on the determination of bird preferences and the available variety of sunflower lines. This is what our research is devoted to. Experimental feeding of chickens with a mixture of sunflower seeds of different colours was carried out. Chickens have been found to prefer contrasting striped seeds with white and dark stripes more than others. The white colour of the seeds was eaten less than others. Studies of the genetics of sunflower colour allow us to distinguish two groups of lines by seed colour. The first has white seeds with the EwEwPP genotype, suitable for use in human confectionery and more protected from being eaten by wild birds in the fields. The second is striped seeds with the EstrEstrPP genotype, which can be fed whole seeds to birds. Donors of seed colour traits and other traits important for hybrid breeding were selected from the evaluated collection of sunflower lines. InK1039 line is a donor of small striped seeds and pollen fertility restoration. InK1587 line is a sterility fixer and donor of striped and early maturing seeds. To create hybrids with white seeds for human consumption and thus more resistant to ingestion by wild birds, white seed donors were isolated with KG9 to restore pollen fertility and I2K2218 in a pollen sterility fixer.

Molecular mapping of the rf1 gene for pollen fertility restoration in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.)

2001 ◽  
Vol 102 (8) ◽  
pp. 1206-1212 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. Klein ◽  
P. E. Klein ◽  
A. K. Chhabra ◽  
J. Dong ◽  
S. Pammi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Pollen Fertility ◽  
Molecular Mapping ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

scholarly journals Identification of stable restorers for diverse cytoplasmic source in Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.]

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Sandeep ◽  
Basavaraj Biradar
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Commercial Exploitation ◽  
M 31 ◽  
Fertility Restorers ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L ◽  
Sorghum Germplasm

In sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.], milo is the lone source of cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) extensively used in production of commercial hybrids. The hazards of such a narrow cytoplasmic base are apparent and consequently new diverse sources like A2, A3, A4, maldandi, VZM and G1 were identified. However, the commercial exploitation of these sources has not been possible because of the difficulty in fertility restoration on these sources. The present study was, therefore, undertaken to test different sorghum germplasm lines for their fertility restoration/maintenance on maldandi and milo cytoplasm. Twenty-five diverse accession were selected from minicore collection and crossed with two male sterile lines viz., 104A (milo) and M 31-2A (maldandi). The resulting F1s were classified as fertility restorers and maintainers based on seed set on bagged ear heads. The restoration studies indicated that 2 lines on maldandi and 6 on milo cytoplasm showed strong fertility restoration (> 90 % seed set).

scholarly journals CMS systems in rapeseed and their use in the breeding of domestic hybrids

2020 ◽  
Vol 181 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-180
Author(s):  
I. N. Anisimova ◽  
A. G. Dubovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Male Sterility ◽  
Pollen Fertility ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Hybrid Breeding ◽  
Glucosinolate Content ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Hybrid Seed Production ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Unfertilized Ovules

Development of heterotic hybrids is the most efficient approach to solve the problem of increasing the yield of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), a leading oilseed crop. The cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS), widely used in rapeseed hybrid seed production, makes it possible to control hybridization between female and male lines. A review of publications on the nature of CMS systems in rapeseed and their utilization in breeding is presented. In rapeseed there are more than 10 known CMS systems of alloplasmic and homoplasmic origin. The male sterility character proved to be determined by chimeric mitochondrial genes, characterized by the presence of novel transcribed open reading frames (orf). Mitochondrial CMS genes associated with nap, pol, ogu and Nsa sterility types as well as nuclear Rf genes for pollen fertility restoration were identified. Molecular marker systems for identification of CMS-inducing and male fertility restoring genes were developed. The ogu, pol, MSL and inap CMS systems are commonly used for producing industrial rapeseed hybrids. The State Register of the Russian Federation for 2019 contains rapeseed hybrids of only foreign origin. Main achievements in domestic rapeseed hybrid production are highlighted. Research and breeding institutions developed new source material for rapeseed hete rotic hybrid breeding in various regions of the country. The sterility and fertility restoration sources were received from Canadian and French institutions as well as from domestic working collections. The yield structure traits did not deteriorate after transferring hybrid maternal lines to the sterile cytoplasm, while the glucosinolate content increased when pollen fertility restoring genes were transferred into paternal lines. Dihaploid (androclinium) lines and in vitro culture of unfertilized ovules were used to accelerate the breeding process. Experimental hybrids were developed using pol and ogu CMS.

Mapping and characterization of Rf 5 : a new gene conditioning pollen fertility restoration in A1 and A2 cytoplasm in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench)

2011 ◽  
Vol 123 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Jordan ◽  
R. R. Klein ◽  
K. G. Sakrewski ◽  
R. G. Henzell ◽  
P. E. Klein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Pollen Fertility ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
New Gene ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

scholarly journals New PCR-specific markers for pollen fertility restoration QRfp-4R in rye (Secale cereale L.) with Pampa sterilizing cytoplasm

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Niedziela ◽  
Marzena Wojciechowska ◽  
Piotr Tomasz Bednarek
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Fertility ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Interval Mapping ◽  
Hybrid Breeding ◽  
Single Marker Analysis ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Transcription Termination Factor ◽  
Single Marker ◽  
Secale Cereale L

AbstractPampa cytoplasmic male sterility phenomenon is used extensively in the rye hybrid breeding programs. It relies on sterilizing action of the cytoplasm resulting in non-viable pollen of female lines. The sterilizing effect is problematic for reversion, and efficient restores are needed. The most promising QTL is located on chromosome 4R, but other chromosomes may also code the trait. Advanced recombinant inbred lines formed bi-parental mapping population genotyped with DArTseq markers. Genetic mapping allowed the seven linkage groups to construct with numerous markers and represent all rye chromosomes. Single marker analysis and composite interval mapping were conducted to identify markers linked to the pollen fertility. Association mapping was used to detect additional markers associated with the trait. A highly significant QTL (QRfp-4R) that explained 42.3% of the phenotypic variation was mapped to the distal part of the long arm of the 4R chromosome. The markers localized in the QRfp-4R region achieve R2 association values up to 0.59. The homology of the 43 marker sequences to the loci responsible for fertility restoration in other species and transcription termination factor (mTERF) linked to Rf genes was established. Ten markers were successfully converted into PCR-specific conditions, and their segregation pattern was identical to that of unconverted DArTs.

scholarly journals Mutator-Induced Mutations of the rf1 Nuclear Fertility Restorer of T-Cytoplasm Maize Alter the Accumulation of T-urfl3 Mitochondrial Transcripts

Genetics ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 143 (3) ◽  
pp. 1383-1394
Author(s):  
Roger P Wise ◽  
Carren L Dill ◽  
Patrick S Schnable
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Fertility ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Mitochondrial Rna ◽  
Induced Mutations ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Fertility Restorer ◽  
Restorer Genes ◽  
Mitochondrial Transcripts ◽  
Ecori Restriction ◽  
Fertility Restorer Genes

Abstract Dominant alleles of the rf1 and rf2 nuclear-encoded fertility restorer genes are necessary for restoration of pollen fertility in T-cytoplasm maize. To further characterize fertility restoration mediated by the Rf1 allele, 123,500 gametes derived from plants carrying the Mutator transposable element family were screened for rf1-mutant alleles (rf1-m) Four heritable rf1-m alleles were recovered from these populations. Three rf1-m alleles were derived from the progenitor allele Rf1-IAl53 and one was derived from Rf1-Ky21. Cosegregation analysis revealed 5.5- and 2.4kb Mu1-hybridizing EcoRI restriction fragments in all of the male-sterile and none of the male-fertile plants in families segregating for rf1-m3207 and rf1-m3310, respectively. Mitochondrial RNA gel blot analyses indicated that all four rf1-m alleles in male-sterile plants cosegregated with the altered steady-state accumulation of 1.6 and O.6-kb T-urf13 transcripts, demonstrating that these transcripts are Rf1 dependent. Plants carrying a leaky mutant, rf1-m7323, revealed variable levels of Rf1-associated, T-urf13 transcripts and the degree of pollen fertility. The ability to obtain rf1-m derivatives from Rf1 indicates that Rf1 alleles produce a functional gene product necessary for the accumulation of specific T-urf13 transcripts in T-cytoplasm maize.

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