scholarly journals New PCR-specific markers for pollen fertility restoration QRfp-4R in rye (Secale cereale L.) with Pampa sterilizing cytoplasm

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Niedziela ◽  
Marzena Wojciechowska ◽  
Piotr Tomasz Bednarek
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Fertility ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Interval Mapping ◽  
Hybrid Breeding ◽  
Single Marker Analysis ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Transcription Termination Factor ◽  
Single Marker ◽  
Secale Cereale L

AbstractPampa cytoplasmic male sterility phenomenon is used extensively in the rye hybrid breeding programs. It relies on sterilizing action of the cytoplasm resulting in non-viable pollen of female lines. The sterilizing effect is problematic for reversion, and efficient restores are needed. The most promising QTL is located on chromosome 4R, but other chromosomes may also code the trait. Advanced recombinant inbred lines formed bi-parental mapping population genotyped with DArTseq markers. Genetic mapping allowed the seven linkage groups to construct with numerous markers and represent all rye chromosomes. Single marker analysis and composite interval mapping were conducted to identify markers linked to the pollen fertility. Association mapping was used to detect additional markers associated with the trait. A highly significant QTL (QRfp-4R) that explained 42.3% of the phenotypic variation was mapped to the distal part of the long arm of the 4R chromosome. The markers localized in the QRfp-4R region achieve R2 association values up to 0.59. The homology of the 43 marker sequences to the loci responsible for fertility restoration in other species and transcription termination factor (mTERF) linked to Rf genes was established. Ten markers were successfully converted into PCR-specific conditions, and their segregation pattern was identical to that of unconverted DArTs.

Deploying inter-specific recombinant inbred lines to map QTLs for yield-related traits in soybean

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yashpal . ◽  
D. R. Rathod ◽  
Subhash Chandra ◽  
Anil Kumar ◽  
Raju Ratan Yadav ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recombinant Inbred ◽  
Glycine Soja ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Interval Mapping ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Single Marker Analysis ◽  
Phenotypic Data ◽  
Single Marker ◽  
Glycine Max L

Quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping and analyses were conducted for yield and six yield-related traits in soybean using 184 inter-specific recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross involving wild type (Glycine soja Sieb. and Zucc.) accession DC2008-1 and cultivated (Glycine max L. Merr.) variety DS9712. A Linkage map of 1639.55 cM length was constructed with 167 SSR markers (65.65% polymorphism) with an average marker interval of 9.82 cM. Using three years phenotypic data 34 QTLs were mapped for 7 traits using Inclusive Composite Interval Mapping approach. The number of QTLs mapped for a trait varied from year to year, however, QTLs for days-to-50% flowering (qDFF5), 100-seed weight (qHSW9-1, qHSW9-2 and qHSW19) and yield (qYLD17) were mapped consistently over the three years of testing. Identified QTLs were validated through single marker analysis in 92 germplasm lines. The study demonstrated the potential of wild type soybean to harness QTLs for yield-related traits. The identified QTLs could be utilized for genetic improvement of soybean through molecular breeding.

scholarly journals Validation of Molecular Markers Linked to Fusarium Wilt Resistance in Recombinant Inbred Lines of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalpat Lal ◽  
Rampura Lakshmipathi Ravikumar ◽  
Pavankumar Jingade ◽  
Sunil Subramanya
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Recombinant Inbred ◽  
Mapping Population ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Interval Mapping ◽  
Single Marker Analysis ◽  
Wilt Resistance ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Single Marker ◽  
House Condition

Abstract Molecular markers closely linked to Fusarium wilt resistance in chickpea were identified from earlier studies with an objective to validate them. The recombinant inbred line (RIL) mapping population (F11) derived from JG62 (FW susceptible) and WR315 (FW resistant) was used for validation of linked markers. The RILs were phenotyped for FW resistance over two seasons in a wilt sick field at ICRISAT and in wilt sick pots under the green house condition. A total of 42 markers linked to Fusarium wilt (FW) resistance in chickpea were selected from earlier reports for validation. Among 42 markers selected 23 markers were polymorphic among the parental lines of RIL population and hence these markers were used for genotyping the mapping population. The genotyping data together with phenotyping data over two seasons and wilt sick pots identified 12 markers linked to wilt resistance by single marker analysis. The markers TA96, CS27, TA110 and TA59 were more consistently related to FW resistance in this and previous studies. The composite interval mapping has identified two major loci; one each in LG1 and LG2 flanked by markers H4G11 and CaM1402 and H3A12 and CS27, respectively. These two loci are considered as major loci for FW resistance explaining up to 76.66% of phenotypic variation for FW resistance. The results presented here and those published earlier confirm the emerging picture of two hotspots in chickpea genome for resistance to Fusarium wilt. The QTL flanking markers, H4G11, CaM1402, CS27, and H3A12 are most promising and reliable for deployment in chickpea breeding.

Study of the possibilities of using sunflower lines with different colours of seeds to create poultry feed

Helia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katerina Vedmedeva ◽  
Tatiana Machova
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Fertility ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Pollen Sterility ◽  
Wild Birds ◽  
Hybrid Breeding ◽  
Poultry Feed ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Seed Colour

Abstract Sunflower is used for the production of oil, confectionery and animal feed. Birds are very fond of sunflowers and can be pests of sunflower crops, and are consumers of seeds. Sunflower poultry feed is an emerging market that determines the direction of breeding. Its development is based on the determination of bird preferences and the available variety of sunflower lines. This is what our research is devoted to. Experimental feeding of chickens with a mixture of sunflower seeds of different colours was carried out. Chickens have been found to prefer contrasting striped seeds with white and dark stripes more than others. The white colour of the seeds was eaten less than others. Studies of the genetics of sunflower colour allow us to distinguish two groups of lines by seed colour. The first has white seeds with the EwEwPP genotype, suitable for use in human confectionery and more protected from being eaten by wild birds in the fields. The second is striped seeds with the EstrEstrPP genotype, which can be fed whole seeds to birds. Donors of seed colour traits and other traits important for hybrid breeding were selected from the evaluated collection of sunflower lines. InK1039 line is a donor of small striped seeds and pollen fertility restoration. InK1587 line is a sterility fixer and donor of striped and early maturing seeds. To create hybrids with white seeds for human consumption and thus more resistant to ingestion by wild birds, white seed donors were isolated with KG9 to restore pollen fertility and I2K2218 in a pollen sterility fixer.

scholarly journals Detection of QTL associated with rust resistance using IBD-based methodologies in exogamic Eucalyptus spp. populations

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 321-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Barbosa Rosado ◽  
Rafael Simões Tomaz ◽  
Marcio Fernandes Ribeiro Junior ◽  
Antônio Marcos Rosado ◽  
Lúcio Mauro da Silva Guimarães ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Interval Mapping ◽  
Single Marker Analysis ◽  
Mapping Procedure ◽  
Integrated Map ◽  
Single Marker ◽  
Resistant Genotypes ◽  
Important Disease ◽  
Selection Of

In Brazil the rust caused by Puccinia psidii Winter stands out as the most important disease of eucalyptus. The use of resistant genotypes is the main control method, which makes the detection of markers linked to rust resistance essential to the selection of resistant genotypes. In this study, an F1 progeny of 131 plants from interspecific crossings of Eucalyptus was used to identify markers linked to resistance genes for this pathogen. An integrated map was constructed for linkage group three based on microsatellite markers. For QTL mapping two methodologies based on alleles identical-by-descent (IBD) were used: single marker analysis of Haseman and Elston and the interval mapping procedure of Fulker and Cardon. Both methods showed significant association for the Embra 125 marker.The QTL that explained 42 % of the phenotypic variation was mapped to 0.02 cM of this marker by the Fulker and Cardon. Marker Embra 125 has potential use in assisted selection, thus increasing the efficiency of the selection of resistant genotypes.

scholarly journals Mapping QTLs controlling the biosynthesis of maltose in soybean

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 2936-2941
Author(s):  
PRIYAMVADA JHA ◽  
◽  
VINEET KUMAR ◽  
ANITA RANI ◽  
ANIL KUMAR
Keyword(s):  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Interval Mapping ◽  
Single Marker Analysis ◽  
F2 Population ◽  
Composite Interval Mapping Analysis ◽  
Mapping Analysis ◽  
Single Marker ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Genomic Regions ◽  
Interval Mapping Analysis

The present study was carried out to identify genomic regions associated with maltose in 2 F2 populations through assessment of sugars using HPLC and genotyping using SSR markers across the genome. SSR markers, Sat_216 (chr 12) and Satt681 (chr 6) in F2 population I and Sat_105 (chr 20) in F2 population II showed significant (P< 0.5) association with maltose content through single marker analysis (SMA) with LOD score of 3.18 (R2 =9.7), 2.54 (R2 =6.8), and 3.54 (R2 =10.4), respectively. Composite interval mapping analysis (CIM) let to identify different QTLs (other than SMA) for maltose content on chr 11, chr 13 and chr 17 in F2 population I while chr 6 and chr15 in F2 population II. QTLs identified for maltose content are in proximity of known functional genes responsible for degradation of starch into maltose. QTLs identified for maltose in the study may be deployed for improving efficiency of marker assisted breeding for development of soybean genotypes with high levels of this sugar.

scholarly journals SNP marker association for incrementing soybean seed protein content

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Arthur Bernardeli ◽  
Aluízio Borem ◽  
Rodrigo Lorenzoni ◽  
Rafael Aguiar ◽  
Jessica Nayara Basilio Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Seed Protein ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Snp Markers ◽  
Snp Marker ◽  
Seed Protein Content ◽  
Single Marker Analysis ◽  
Soybean Breeding ◽  
Single Marker

Soybean seed protein content (SPC) has been decreasing throughout last decades and DNA marker association has shown its usefulness to improve this trait even in soybean breeding programs that focus primarily on soybean yield and seed oil content (SOC). Aiming to elucidate the association of two SNP markers (ss715630650 and ss715636852) to the SPC, a soybean population of 264 F5-derived recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from a bi-parental cross was tested in four environments. Through the single-marker analysis, the additive effect () and the portion of SPC variation due to the SNPs () for single and multi-environment data were assessed, and transgressive RILs for SPC were observed. The estimates revealed the association of both markers to SPC in most of environments. The marker ss715636852 was more frequently associated to SPC, including multi-environment data, and contributed up to  = 1.30% for overall SPC, whereas ss715630650 had significant association just in two locations, with contributions of  = 0.76% and  = 0.74% to overall SPC in Vic1 and Cap1, respectively. The RIL 84-13 was classified as an elite genotype due to its favorable alleles and high SPC means, which reached 53.78% in Cap1, and 46.33% in MET analysis. Thus, these results confirm the usefulness of the SNP marker ss715636852 in a soybean breeding program for SPC.

Characterization and identification of SSR markers for screening of cowpea genotypes against Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV) disease resistance

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Manjunatha ◽  
K. T. Rangaswamy ◽  
R. P. Sah ◽  
N. Nagaraju ◽  
P. Rudraswamy
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Bean Common Mosaic Virus ◽  
Single Marker Analysis ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Single Marker ◽  
Clustering Pattern ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Moderately Resistant

One hundred cowpea genotypes were screened against Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV) by artificial inoculation genotypes. The genotypes showed different disease reaction viz., immune, resistant, moderately resistant, Sap moderately susceptible, susceptible and highly susceptible. The SSR markers were characterized using a total of 25 randomly selected resistance and susceptible cowpea genotypes. Among, 10 SSR markers used to screen polymorphism, only 4 primers were found to be polymorphic and they were used for characterization and finding out genetic relationship of cowpea genotypes. The polymorphism information content (PIC) of these SSR markers ranged from 0.23 to 0.37 and single marker analysis (SMA) revealed, out of these 4 SSR markers M 135 marker explained 28.2 % of phenotypic variation (R2). The banding pattern of all cowpea genotypes were scored and dendrogram was constructed. A dendrogram of these genotypes based on SSR polymorphism divided into two major clusters at 35 % similarity. Cluster I was the biggest with 20 genotypes which was further separated as three sub-clusters. Whereas, 5 genotypes grouped in cluster II with two small sub-clusters. The clustering pattern of resistant and susceptible genotypes was not clear, however resistant genotypes such as V-5 and IC 8996 clustered in one group with 100 % similarity. The information provided by the identified markers would be very useful in breeding programs to select cowpea lines resistance to BCMV disease and M 135 was found to be good for rapid and accurate screening of cowpea genotypes against BCMV disease resistance.

scholarly journals Genetic mapping of pollen fertility restoration QTLs in rye (Secale cereale L.) with CMS Pampa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Niedziela ◽  
Waldemar Brukwiński ◽  
Piotr Tomasz Bednarek
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Map ◽  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Pollen Fertility ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Pollen Sterility ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Hybrid Seed Production ◽  
Pollen Abortion ◽  
Secale Cereale L

AbstractCytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is a widely applied plant breeding tool for hybrid seed production. The phenomenon is often caused by chimeric genes with altered open reading frames (ORFs) located in the mitochondrial genomes and expressed as novel genotoxic products that induce pollen abortion. The fertility of CMS plants can be restored by nuclear-encoded genes that inhibit the action of ORFs responsible for pollen sterility. A recombinant inbred line (RIL) mapping population S64/04/01, encompassing 175 individuals, was used for genetic map construction and identification of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) responsible for fertility restoration in rye (Secale cereale L.) with CMS Pampa. The genetic map of all seven rye chromosomes included 15,516 SNP and silicoDArT markers and covered 1070.5 cm. Individual QTLs explaining 60% and 5.5% of the fertility trait’s phenotypic variance were mapped to chromosomes 4R (QRft-4R) and 5R (QRft-5R), respectively. Association mapping identified markers with the highest R2 value of 0.58 (p value = 2.21E-28). Markers showing the highest associations with the trait were also mapped to the 4R chromosome within the QRft-4R region. Based on marker sequence homology, putative genes involved in pollen fertility restoration were suggested. Five silicoDArTs were converted into PCR-based markers for further breeding purposes.

scholarly journals Development and validation of CAPS-marker associated with the Rf2 gene in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench)

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-47
Author(s):  
E. E. Radchenko ◽  
N. V. Alpatieva ◽  
Yu. I. Karabitsina ◽  
M. K. Ryazanova ◽  
E. B. Kuznetsova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Pollen Fertility ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Hybrid Breeding ◽  
Sequence Variant ◽  
Chromosome 2 ◽  
Functional Alleles ◽  
Ppr Genes ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Fertility Restorers

Background. The development of heterotic hybrids based on cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is the leading strategy in breeding sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench). The trait of pollen fertility restoration in forms with CMS A1 (milo), predominantly used in sorghum breeding, is determined by at least two dominant complementary genes Rf1 and Rf2, and also gene Rf5. The development of accessible molecular markers of sorghum Rf genes is highly relevant for hybrid breeding, since they can significantly accelerate the process of creating female sterile forms (A lines), sterility maintainers (B lines) and pollen fertility restorers (R lines).Material and methods. The studied material included 36 sorghum accessions from the VIR collection, which differed by the ability to restore pollen fertility in forms with A1-type CMS. The nucleotide polymorphism of 935 bp fragments of the PPR genes Sobic.002G057050, Sobic.002G054100, and Sobic.002G054200 located at the chromosome 2 was studied.Results. The fragments obtained with the use of a pair of 2459403fw and 2459403 primers were 935 bp long and included parts of three genes: Sobic.002G057050, Sobic.002G054100, Sobic.002G054200. For identifying the sequence variant Sobic.002G057050-1090 associated with the Rf2 gene, Tru9 I restrictase was chosen, which allows obtaining a 572 bp fragment unique for all the studied R lines. Such a marker was found in 10 sorghum lines from West China and Kyrgyzstan, which are widely used in breeding as fertility restorers. The fragment was found neither in three lines with sterile cytoplasm and their fertile analogues, nor in 7 accessions of kafir sorghum, which lacked functional alleles of Rf genes.Conclusions. It has been demonstrated that the marker can be used for selection and checking purity of R and B/A lines. It is also applicable for verifying hybridity of F1 seeds and analyzing hybrid populations from crosses of R lines 924-4, 928-1, 929-3, 931-1, 933-1/6, 1237-3, 1243-2, 1251, 1150-1, F10BC2 with A lines Nizkorosloe 81s, А-83 and А-10598. It may be suggested that the ability to restore pollen fertility in R lines, which lack the marker CAPS- 572, is determined by another Rf gene. The studied 935 bp fragment of Sobic.002G057050 harbours 22 SNP, therefore the development of CAPS-markers for their identification and differentiation can be promising.

scholarly journals CMS systems in rapeseed and their use in the breeding of domestic hybrids

2020 ◽  
Vol 181 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-180
Author(s):  
I. N. Anisimova ◽  
A. G. Dubovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Male Sterility ◽  
Pollen Fertility ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Hybrid Breeding ◽  
Glucosinolate Content ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Hybrid Seed Production ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Unfertilized Ovules

Development of heterotic hybrids is the most efficient approach to solve the problem of increasing the yield of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), a leading oilseed crop. The cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS), widely used in rapeseed hybrid seed production, makes it possible to control hybridization between female and male lines. A review of publications on the nature of CMS systems in rapeseed and their utilization in breeding is presented. In rapeseed there are more than 10 known CMS systems of alloplasmic and homoplasmic origin. The male sterility character proved to be determined by chimeric mitochondrial genes, characterized by the presence of novel transcribed open reading frames (orf). Mitochondrial CMS genes associated with nap, pol, ogu and Nsa sterility types as well as nuclear Rf genes for pollen fertility restoration were identified. Molecular marker systems for identification of CMS-inducing and male fertility restoring genes were developed. The ogu, pol, MSL and inap CMS systems are commonly used for producing industrial rapeseed hybrids. The State Register of the Russian Federation for 2019 contains rapeseed hybrids of only foreign origin. Main achievements in domestic rapeseed hybrid production are highlighted. Research and breeding institutions developed new source material for rapeseed hete rotic hybrid breeding in various regions of the country. The sterility and fertility restoration sources were received from Canadian and French institutions as well as from domestic working collections. The yield structure traits did not deteriorate after transferring hybrid maternal lines to the sterile cytoplasm, while the glucosinolate content increased when pollen fertility restoring genes were transferred into paternal lines. Dihaploid (androclinium) lines and in vitro culture of unfertilized ovules were used to accelerate the breeding process. Experimental hybrids were developed using pol and ogu CMS.

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