Purity, Pottery, and Judaean Ethnicity in the Hasmonean Period

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-42
Author(s):  
Eyal Regev
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
State Formation ◽  
Social Boundaries ◽  
Archaeological Evidence ◽  
Ethnic Boundaries ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Full Body

Abstract Three distinct cultural phenomena emerged in the Hasmonean period (152–37 BCE): the concept of Gentile impurity, full body immersion in a ritual bath, and (relative) abstinence from the use of imported foreign pottery. This article examines the historical and archaeological evidence for these three traits: their chronology, geographical distribution, and interrelationship. All three relate to the contact between Judaeans and non-Judaeans. They symbolize social boundaries that were created to foster the ethnic identity of the Judaeans vis-à-vis local Gentiles. The creation of these ethnic boundaries was encouraged by the Hasmonean state both because they corresponded to the Hasmonean ideology and political aims, and because state formation usually contributes to the development of ethnic identity.

Two Centuries of Excavating Merovingian-Era Cemeteries In France

2020 ◽  
pp. 76-95
Author(s):  
Bonnie Effros
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Central Place ◽  
State Funding ◽  
Formal Training ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Private Funding ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
The Creation

The excavation of Merovingian-period cemeteries in France began in earnest in the 1830s spurred by industrialization, the creation of many new antiquarian societies across the country, and French nationalism. However, the professionalization of the discipline of archaeology occurred slowly due to the lack of formal training in France, weak legal protections for antiquities, and insufficient state funding for archaeological endeavors. This chapter identifies the implications of the central place occupied by cemeterial excavations up until the mid-twentieth century and its impact on broader discussions in France of national origins and ethnic identity. In more recent years, with the creation of archaeological agencies such as Afan and Inrap, the central place once occupied by grave remains has been diminished. Rescue excavations and private funding for new structures have brought about a shift to other priorities and research questions, with both positive and negative consequences, though cemeteries remain an important source of evidence for our understanding of Merovingian society.

scholarly journals National Integration and Language Nativization in Edward Brathwaite’s The Arrivants: A New World Trilogy

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
Effumbe Kachua
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
New World ◽  
Significant Feature ◽  
National Integration ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Indispensable Tool ◽  
Novel Concept

Language as a means of communication, culturally denotes a vehicle for achieving ontological wholeness - a sense of connectedness and seamless relationship amongst individuals in a community; a means towards the creation of an essence in a people. Even though the Caribbean society is inherently culturally and politically disparate, cultural sociologist and linguists have sought to create the basis for unity through the medium of language. Despite the colonialist's seperatist policies in the Caribbean, language remains the most significant feature of ethnic identity. Edward (later called Kamau) Brathwaite's novel concept of 'Nation Language' is a linguistic initiative towards the achievement of the sense of cultural and political wholeness in a people. This study identifies and establishes the socio-cultural link that exemplifies the import of language as an indispensable tool of National integration.

Inca Imperial Strategies and Installations in Central Bolivia

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
János Gyarmati ◽  
Carola Condarco
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Mountain Regions ◽  
Archaeological Evidence ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Inca Empire ◽  
Agricultural Potential ◽  
Scale Population ◽  
The Creation

The local ethnohistoric sources and the archaeological evidence, as well as the radiocarbon dates, indicate that the Inca Empire conquered the mighty polities of Central Bolivia around the mid-fifteenth century, and then created a well-structured imperial infrastructure. The rationale behind the creation of this infrastructure can be sought in the region’s agricultural potential and raw material deposits. In order to fully exploit these resources, the Inca performed a large-scale population resettlement, principally of groups from the altiplano and the mountain regions to the eastern valleys. The goods produced in these agricultural and craft centers ensured the defense of the empire’s eastern frontiers, and contributed to the provisioning of its heartland.

Boundaries and Margins

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-44
Author(s):  
Eirini Chrysocheri
Keyword(s):  
Social Boundaries ◽  
Visual Material ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The City

This article focuses on the Greek community of Alexandria, a socially and territorially bounded Diaspora entity that articulates a sense of connection to place through claims of a historically continuous socio-spatial connection to both Egypt and Greece. Through analyses of visual material collected and produced during fieldwork, I explore the spatial and social boundaries of the community before and after Nasser’s 1952 revolution and highlight discontinuities in the narratives and imaginings of the city articulated by different generations. Studying the creation of new borders, I reveal how restriction to, and isolation within, the ‘golden cage’ of Greek areas is both willingly embraced and a source of frustration. I conclude by outlining how spatial and ideological boundaries overlap and how they are shifted and defended by Greek and non-Greek inhabitants of the city.

scholarly journals Adrift on the Ocean: a study of K.S. Maniam’s displaced characters

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Philip
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Close Analysis ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Defined Culture

This paper analyses two plays by Malaysian Indian author K.S. Maniam, examining his ideas about the necessity to rearticulate state-authored, essentialising notions of cultural and ethnic identity towards the creation of a more hybrid and inclusive identity which does not demand allegiance to a single, rigidly defined culture. Maniam’s main concerns in this context will be examined through a close analysis of his plays The Cord and The Sandpit: Womensis. My analysis of these two plays will be framed by the ideas articulated in Maniam’s 2001 paper “The New Diaspora”.

scholarly journals Were the Galileans "religious Jews" or "ethnic Judeans"?

2008 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Cromhout
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
First Century ◽  
Archaeological Evidence

This article focuses on an investigation into the ethnic identity of first-century Galileans. Its aim is to argue that the Galileans were not descendents of northern Israelites but were mostly descendents of “Jews” who came to live in the region during the Hasmonean expansion. The article demonstrates that this thesis is supported by Josephus and also by archaeological evidence. From the perspective of this thesis, the article contends that the term “Jew” does not apply to Galileans. First-century Galileans should rather be understood as “ethnic Judeans”.

The Conquest of Death

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Lockwood
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
State Formation ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Original Intent ◽  
History Of ◽  
Legislative Policy ◽  
History Of Violence ◽  
The Creation ◽  
State Growth ◽  
The Relationship

The Conquest of Death considers the concepts of violence and state power far more broadly and holistically than previous accounts of state growth by intertwining the national and the local, the formal and the informal to illustrate how the management of incidental acts of violence and justice was as important to the monopolization of violence as the creation of the machinery of warfare. It reveals how the creation and operation of everyday bureaucracy built systems of power far exceeding its original intent and allowed a greater centralized surveillance of daily life than ever before. In sum, this book forces us to think about state formation not in terms of the broad strokes of legislative policy and international competition, but rather as a process built by multiple tiny actions, interactions and encroachments which fundamentally redefined the nature of the state and the relationship between government and governed. The Conquest of Death thus provides a new approach to the history of state formation, the history of criminal justice and the history of violence in early modern England. By locating the creation of an effective, permanent monopoly of violence in England in the second-half of the sixteenth century, this book also provides a new chronology of the divide between medieval and modern while divorcing the history of state growth from a linear history of centralization.

scholarly journals «Through the centuries»: memorial complex in Tbilisi by Zurab Tsereteli

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Е.А. Ржевская
Keyword(s):  
State Formation ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Unique Composition

В статье рассказывается о мемориальном комплексе «Летопись Грузии», возведенном в Тбилиси по проекту народного художника СССР и РФ, президента Российской академии художеств З.К. Церетели. Дается описание исторического места, основных элементов многофигурной уникальной композиции. Рассказывается о творческом методе З.К. Церетели, глубоком погружении в историю Грузии и создании образов выдающихся личностей, сыгравших ключевую роль в духовном и государственном становлении древнейшей кавказской страны: Святая Равноапостольная Нина (IV в.) – просветительница Грузии, Мириан III – Святой Мириан – царь Иберии, Вахтанг Горгасали (ок. 457-502), царица Тамара, чей образ вдохновлял Шота Руставели. Жемчужиной ансамбля является храм в честь Благовещения Пресвятой Богородицы. The article tells about the memorial complex «Chronicle of Georgia», designed in Tbilisi on the project of the People's Artist of the USSR and Russia, President of the Russian Academy of Arts Z.K. Tsereteli. The description of the historical place, the main elements of the multi-figure unique composition is given here. It tells about the creative method of Zurab Tsereteli, the deep immersion in the history of Georgia and the creation of images of outstanding personalities who played a key role in the spiritual and state formation of the ancient Caucasian country: Saint Nino (IV century) – educator of Georgia, Mirian III – Saint Mirian – king of Iberia , Vakhtang Gorgasali (circa 457-502), the queen Tamara, whose image inspired Shota Rustaveli. The pearl of the ensemble is a church dedicated to the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin.

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