scholarly journals Understanding mental states in natural language

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language ◽  
Mental States

The linguistic correlates of conversational deception: Comparing natural language processing technologies

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
NICHOLAS D. DURAN ◽  
CHARLES HALL ◽  
PHILIP M. MCCARTHY ◽  
DANIELLE S. MCNAMARA
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language Processing ◽  
Natural Language ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Computer Mediated Communication ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Mediated Communication ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Natural Language Processing Tool ◽  
Hidden States

ABSTRACTThe words people use and the way they use them can reveal a great deal about their mental states when they attempt to deceive. The challenge for researchers is how to reliably distinguish the linguistic features that characterize these hidden states. In this study, we use a natural language processing tool called Coh-Metrix to evaluate deceptive and truthful conversations that occur within a context of computer-mediated communication. Coh-Metrix is unique in that it tracks linguistic features based on cognitive and social factors that are hypothesized to influence deception. The results from Coh-Metrix are compared to linguistic features reported in previous independent research, which used a natural language processing tool called Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count. The comparison reveals converging and contrasting alignment for several linguistic features and establishes new insights on deceptive language and its use in conversation.

scholarly journals Natural language processing in mental health applications using non-clinical texts

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 649-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
RAFAEL A. CALVO ◽  
DAVID N. MILNE ◽  
M. SAZZAD HUSSAIN ◽  
HELEN CHRISTENSEN
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Natural Language Processing ◽  
Natural Language ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Computational Techniques ◽  
Mental Health Support ◽  
Psychological Assistance

AbstractNatural language processing (NLP) techniques can be used to make inferences about peoples’ mental states from what they write on Facebook, Twitter and other social media. These inferences can then be used to create online pathways to direct people to health information and assistance and also to generate personalized interventions. Regrettably, the computational methods used to collect, process and utilize online writing data, as well as the evaluations of these techniques, are still dispersed in the literature. This paper provides a taxonomy of data sources and techniques that have been used for mental health support and intervention. Specifically, we review how social media and other data sources have been used to detect emotions and identify people who may be in need of psychological assistance; the computational techniques used in labeling and diagnosis; and finally, we discuss ways to generate and personalize mental health interventions. The overarching aim of this scoping review is to highlight areas of research where NLP has been applied in the mental health literature and to help develop a common language that draws together the fields of mental health, human-computer interaction and NLP.

Reinterpreting behavior: A human specialization?

2005 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 712-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Povinelli ◽  
Jochen Barth
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language ◽  
Alternative Model ◽  
Small Difference ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Human Mind

Tomasello et al. argue that the “small difference that made a big difference” in the evolution of the human mind was the disposition to share intentions. Chimpanzees are said to understand certain mental states (like intentions), but not share them. We argue that an alternative model is better supported by the data: the capacity to represent mental states (and other unobservable phenomena) is a human specialization that co-evolved with natural language.

Linguo-Semantics

2020 ◽  
pp. 336-362
Author(s):  
Georges Rey
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Careful Attention ◽  
Jerry Fodor ◽  
Promising Strategy ◽  
Disjunction Problem

Intentionality figures in a semantics both of natural language (a linguo-semantics), to be discussed in this chapter, and of mental states(a psycho-semantics), to be discussed in the next. Both forms have been thought to be challenged by Quine’s attacks on the analytic/synthetic distinction. I argue that these attacks are not as serious as has been supposed; only the explanatory one deserves careful attention, and it is addressed by a proposal Jerry Fodor raised against a challenge of his own, the “disjunction problem.” This chapter defends a modest version of Fodor’s proposal and a related one of Paul Horwich’s, called here “BasicAsymmetries,” and show how it offers a promising strategy for replying to all that is genuinely worrisome in Quine’s and Fodor’s challenges, especially in the context of Chomskyan proposals about a linguo-semantics. The chapter concludes with further resistance to an anti-realism that Chomsky associates with his semantics.

The Emptying of Gesture

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Wilson Smith
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Cultural Importance ◽  
Universal Language ◽  
Medical Researchers ◽  
Joanna Baillie ◽  
Royal Road ◽  
The Face ◽  
Philosophical Texts

How can one read another’s true thoughts and feelings? Many philosophical texts and acting manuals reached the same answer to this age-old question: we can read another’s hidden mental states through careful observation of gesture—especially unconscious gesture. Gesture, in this account, offered a promise that words could not, the promise of a natural, universal language and a royal road to the psyche. This chapter tells a story of this promise’s disintegration and the gradual replacement of gestures by nerves as reliable signs of mental states. The chapter’s first part traces connections between acting handbooks of the period, the plays of Joanna Baillie, and the scientific work of two of Britain’s most prominent medical researchers: Joanna’s brother, Matthew Baillie, and Charles Bell. These interactions indicate both the continuing cultural importance of natural-language theories of gesture and its fraying in the face of neurological developments. The second half examines the ways that Percy Shelley’s play The Cenci rends this fraying fabric.

When Mother Earth Rises Up

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Sacchi ◽  
Paolo Riva ◽  
Marco Brambilla
Keyword(s):  
Free Will ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Disaster Victims ◽  
Willingness To Help ◽  
Mother Earth

Anthropomorphization is the tendency to ascribe humanlike features and mental states, such as free will and consciousness, to nonhuman beings or inanimate agents. Two studies investigated the consequences of the anthropomorphization of nature on people’s willingness to help victims of natural disasters. Study 1 (N = 96) showed that the humanization of nature correlated negatively with willingness to help natural disaster victims. Study 2 (N = 52) tested for causality, showing that the anthropomorphization of nature reduced participants’ intentions to help the victims. Overall, our findings suggest that humanizing nature undermines the tendency to support victims of natural disasters.

Interpreting Natural Language

1987 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-34
Author(s):  
Greg N. Carlson
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language
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