scholarly journals Effectiveness of spelling treatment approaches for learners with dyslexia – A meta-analysis and systematic review

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Galuschka ◽  
Ruth Görgen ◽  
Julia Kalmar ◽  
Stefan Haberstroh ◽  
Xenia Schmalz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Treatment Approach ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Treatment Approaches ◽  
Spelling Performance ◽  
Morphological Instruction ◽  
Spelling Intervention ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Sample Characteristics

This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the efficacy of spelling interventions for the remediation of dyslexia and spelling deficits. Theoretically important moderators, such as the treatment approach as well as orthographic and sample characteristics, were also considered. Thirty-four controlled trials that evaluated spelling interventions in children, adolescents and adults with dyslexia and spelling deficits were included. Results show that treatment approaches using phonics, orthographic (graphotactic or orthographic phonological spelling rules), as well as morphological instruction had a moderate to high impact on spelling performance. A significant influence of interventions that teach memorization strategies to improve spelling could not be confirmed. This work shows that understanding the principles of an orthography is beneficial for learners with dyslexia or spelling deficits and presents key components for effective spelling intervention.

Survival outcomes in primary head and neck adult sarcoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 6055-6055
Author(s):  
Sondos Zayed ◽  
Cindy Lin ◽  
Gabriel Boldt ◽  
Pencilla Lang ◽  
Nancy Read ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Treatment Approach ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Multimodality Treatment ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Survival Outcomes ◽  
Significant Difference

6055 Background: Head and neck sarcomas (HNS) are rare entities and confer substantial morbidity and mortality. Yet, the optimal management of HNS remains unclear. This study aimed to describe the epidemiology of HNS and to identify the most favorable treatment approach. Methods: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, using the PubMed (Medline), EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases, queried from 1990 until present. Articles in the English language reporting on survival outcomes of adult primary HNS patients treated with curative-intent were included. All estimates were weighted based on sample size. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and two-sample t-tests were used as appropriate. Meta-analyses were performed using random effects models. This study was registered with PROSPERO, CRD42021220970. Results: A total of 3652 articles were identified, with 42 articles reporting on 21228 patients, meeting inclusion criteria. Mean ± SD age was 56.7 ± 14.6 years with 14170 (67.0%) men and 6991 (33.0%) women. The most common locations included skin and soft tissues (n = 12749, 63.3%), bones of skull and face (n = 2256, 11.2%), and oral cavity (n = 1775, 8.8%). The most common histologies included undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (n = 5065, 24.8%), osteosarcoma (n = 2578, 12.6%), Kaposi sarcoma (n = 2316, 11.3%), chondrosarcoma (n = 2141, 10.5%), and hemangiosarcoma (n = 2072, 10.1%). 5459 patients had early stage I-II disease (76.9%) whereas 1643 had late stage III-IV disease (23.1%). Most received surgery alone (n = 10968, 61.0%), 3917 (21.8%) received surgery and radiotherapy (RT), 2173 (12.1%) received definitive RT/chemoradiotherapy (CRT), 811 (4.5%) received surgery and CRT, and 98 (0.5%) received surgery and chemotherapy. Negative margins were achieved in 6081 (76.5%). Mean ± SD follow-up was 55.3 ± 42.8 months. Weighted mean, 2-, 5-, and 10-year overall survival (OS) were 78.5 months, 75.9%, 63.2%, and 54.9% respectively. There was no significant difference in mean OS (P = 0.674) or 5-year OS (P = 0.965) between patients who received surgery alone, multimodality treatment with surgery and RT/CRT, or definitive RT/CRT. Mean ± SD 5-year OS was significantly higher with negative margins (62.7 ± 20.8%) compared with positive margins (22.7 ± 19.1%; P = 0.001). Mean ± SD local recurrence rate (LRR) was 32.0 ± 13.0%. LRRs were 41.8% for definitive RT/CRT, 39.3% for surgery and CRT, 33.6% for surgery alone, 24.7% for surgery and chemotherapy, and 20.1% for surgery and RT (P = 0.126). Conclusions: In the largest HNS study to date, negative margins were associated with an improvement in OS. Multimodality treatment did not confer an OS benefit. Definitive RT/CRT may be associated with a higher LRR. Randomized trials are needed to establish the optimal treatment approach for HNS.

Survival outcomes in primary angiosarcoma of the head and neck: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e18039-e18039
Author(s):  
Sondos Zayed ◽  
Cindy Lin ◽  
Gabriel Boldt ◽  
Pencilla Lang ◽  
Nancy Read ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Treatment Approach ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Survival Outcomes ◽  
Curative Intent ◽  
Significant Difference

e18039 Background: Angiosarcoma of the head and neck (ASHN) is a rare entity and confers substantial morbidity and mortality. Yet, the optimal management of ASHN remains unclear. This study aimed to describe the epidemiology of ASHN and to identify the most favorable treatment approach. Methods: We performed a systematic review based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, using the PubMed (Medline), EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases, queried from 1990 until present. Articles in the English language reporting on survival outcomes of adult primary ASHN treated with curative-intent, were included. All estimates were weighted based on sample size. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and two-sample t-tests were used as appropriate. This study was registered with PROSPERO, CRD42021220970. Results: A total of 3652 studies were identified, with 14 articles reporting on 2265 ASHN patients, meeting inclusion criteria. Mean ± SD age was 70.6 ± 7.7 years with 1621 (66.6%) men and 812 (33.4%) women. ASHN involved the scalp (n = 176, 57.9%) and the face (n = 128, 42.1%). 249 patients had early stage I-II disease (39.6%) whereas 379 had late stage III-IV disease (60.4%). Most (n = 529, 45.6%) received surgery and radiotherapy (RT), 305 (26.3%) received surgery alone, 210 (18.1%) received definitive RT/chemoradiotherapy (CRT), 75 (6.5%) received surgery and CRT, and 33 (2.8%) received surgery and chemotherapy. Negative margins were achieved in 471 (55.9%) whereas 371 (44.1%) had positive margins. Mean ± SD follow-up was 41.7 ± 15.4 months. Weighted mean, 1-, 5-, and 10-year overall survival (OS) were 26.9 months, 67.3%, 30.6%, and 20.8% respectively. Mean and 5-year disease-specific survival (DSS) were 72.9 months and 50.3% respectively. Mean ± SD local recurrence rate (LRR) was 32.1 ± 11.7%. Median RT dose delivered was 60 Gy (interquartile range: 60-70). Patients who received surgery had a significantly higher mean OS (34.9 vs. 18.7 months, P = 0.04) and 5-year OS (30.1 vs. 14.2%, P = 0.01) compared with those who did not receive surgery. There was no significant difference in mean OS for receiving adjuvant chemotherapy (P = 0.99) or RT (P = 0.51). Conclusions: In the largest ASHN study to date, definitive surgical resection was associated with an improvement in OS. Multimodality treatment did not confer an OS benefit. Randomized trials are needed to establish the optimal treatment approach for ASHN.

scholarly journals How to intervene in the caries process: proximal caries in adolescents and adults—a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 1623-1636 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.H. Splieth ◽  
P. Kanzow ◽  
A. Wiegand ◽  
J. Schmoeckel ◽  
A. Jablonski-Momeni
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Proximal Caries ◽  
Adolescents And Adults

scholarly journals Four decades of military posttraumatic stress: Protocol for a meta-analysis and systematic review of treatment approaches and efficacy (Preprint)

10.2196/33151 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Jing Wen Liu ◽  
Anthony Nazarov ◽  
Bethany Easterbrook ◽  
Rachel A. Plouffe ◽  
Tri Le ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Treatment Approaches

scholarly journals Ascent of the Conus Medullaris in Human Foetuses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Almeida ◽  
Yasmin Juliany Figueiredo ◽  
André Zylberman ◽  
Diogo Garção
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Conus Medullaris ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Sample Characteristics ◽  
Present Systematic Review ◽  
Human Foetuses

Abstract The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to identify when the ascent of the conus medullaris occurs in human foetuses considering differences in evaluation methods and sample characteristics. Five databases were searched for relevant articles using different combinations of keywords. Article selection and data extraction were performed independently by two reviewers. Disagreements were resolved by a third reviewer. The variables were distributed into four groups according to the gestational age of the specimens: I (13 to 18 weeks); II (19 to 25 weeks); III (26 to 32 weeks); IV (33 weeks to the probable date of birth). Eighteen articles were included. The majority used imaging exams as the evaluation method. Cadaveric dissections were reported in the remaining articles. Only morphological studies were included in the meta-analysis. Significant ascent occurs between groups I and III as well as groups II and IV. Despite the considerable heterogeneity among the studies included in the present review, the findings enabled the determination that the conus medullaris reaches its normal birth level by the 26th week. Further analyses should be performed based on nationality and ethnicity to diminish the heterogeneity of the data.

Four decades of military posttraumatic stress: Protocol for a meta-analysis and systematic review of treatment approaches and efficacy (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Jing Wen Liu ◽  
Anthony Nazarov ◽  
Bethany Easterbrook ◽  
Rachel A. Plouffe ◽  
Tri Le ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Ptsd Symptom ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Treatment Approaches

BACKGROUND Over 85% of active members of the Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) have been exposed to potentially traumatic events linked to the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). At the time of transition to civilian life, as high as one in eight Veterans has a diagnosis of PTSD. Given high rates of PTSD in military and Veteran populations, the provision of effective treatment with considerations for their unique challenges and lived experiences is critical in the support of their mental health and well-being. OBJECTIVE The current paper overviews the protocol for conducting a meta-analysis and systematic review substantiating evidence of treatment approaches and effectiveness in treating military-related PTSD. METHODS The PROSPERO pre-registered meta-analysis is being conducted in accordance with PRISMA and Cochrane guidelines. A comprehensive search of the literature was conducted using the databases PsycInfo, Medline, Embase, CINAHL, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses. After removal of duplicates, a total of 12,002 studies were screened for inclusion. RESULTS Effect sizes will be computed based on changes in PTSD symptom scores over time across studies using validated PTSD scales. A multi-level meta-analysis will examine the overall effects, between-studies effects, and within-studies effects of available evidence for PTSD treatments in military populations. Effect sizes will be compared between pharmacotherapeutic, psychotherapeutic, and alternative/emerging treatment interventions. Finally, meta-regression and sub-group analyses will explore the moderating roles of clinical characteristics (e.g., PTSD symptom clusters), treatment approaches (e.g., therapeutic orientations in psychotherapy and alternative therapies and classifications of drugs in pharmacotherapy), and treatment characteristics (e.g., length of intervention) on treatment outcomes. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis will provide the current state of evidence on the efficacy and effectiveness of various treatment approaches in military-related PTSD while identifying factors that may influence treatment outcomes. Results will inform clinical decision-making for service providers and service users. Finally, findings will provide insights for future treatment development and practice recommendations to better support the well-being of military and Veteran populations.

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