scholarly journals How to intervene in the caries process: proximal caries in adolescents and adults—a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 1623-1636 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.H. Splieth ◽  
P. Kanzow ◽  
A. Wiegand ◽  
J. Schmoeckel ◽  
A. Jablonski-Momeni
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Proximal Caries ◽  
Adolescents And Adults

scholarly journals Effectiveness of spelling treatment approaches for learners with dyslexia – A meta-analysis and systematic review

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Galuschka ◽  
Ruth Görgen ◽  
Julia Kalmar ◽  
Stefan Haberstroh ◽  
Xenia Schmalz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Treatment Approach ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Treatment Approaches ◽  
Spelling Performance ◽  
Morphological Instruction ◽  
Spelling Intervention ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Sample Characteristics

This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the efficacy of spelling interventions for the remediation of dyslexia and spelling deficits. Theoretically important moderators, such as the treatment approach as well as orthographic and sample characteristics, were also considered. Thirty-four controlled trials that evaluated spelling interventions in children, adolescents and adults with dyslexia and spelling deficits were included. Results show that treatment approaches using phonics, orthographic (graphotactic or orthographic phonological spelling rules), as well as morphological instruction had a moderate to high impact on spelling performance. A significant influence of interventions that teach memorization strategies to improve spelling could not be confirmed. This work shows that understanding the principles of an orthography is beneficial for learners with dyslexia or spelling deficits and presents key components for effective spelling intervention.

scholarly journals Influence of childhood trauma on the treatment outcomes of pharmacological and/or psychological interventions for adolescents and adults with bipolar disorder: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. e044569
Author(s):  
Anna Wrobel ◽  
Samantha E Russell ◽  
Olivia M Dean ◽  
Sue Cotton ◽  
Michael Berk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Newcastle Ottawa Scale

IntroductionDespite available pharmacological and psychological treatments, remission rates for bipolar disorder remain relatively low. Current research implicates the experience of childhood trauma as a potential moderator of poor treatment outcomes among individuals with bipolar disorder. To date, the evidence reporting the influence of childhood trauma on the treatment outcomes of pharmacological and/or psychological interventions for adolescents and adults with bipolar disorder has not been systematically reviewed.Method and analysisMEDLINE Complete, Embase, PsycINFO and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials will be searched to identify randomised and nonrandomised studies of pharmacological and/or psychological interventions for bipolar disorder, which also assessed childhood trauma. To be eligible for inclusion, studies must have been conducted with adolescents or adults (≥10 years). Data will be screened and extracted by two independent reviewers. The methodological quality of the included studies will be assessed with the Cochrane Collaboration’s Risk of Bias tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. If deemed viable, a meta-analysis will be conducted using a random effects model. Heterogeneity of evidence will be estimated with the I² statistics.Ethics and disseminationThis systematic review will use only previously published data. Therefore, ethical approval is not required. The results will be written in concordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis guidelines, published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at relevant conferences.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020201891.

Biomarkers of disease progression in adolescents and adults with 5q spinal muscular atrophy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Gavriilaki ◽  
Maria Moschou ◽  
Vasileios Papaliagkas ◽  
Konstantinos Notas ◽  
Evangelia Chatzikyriakou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Spinal Muscular Atrophy ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Muscular Atrophy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Adolescents And Adults

Reading Abilities Post Traumatic Brain Injury in Adolescents and Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 789-816
Author(s):  
Yalian Pei ◽  
Katy H. O'Brien
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Reading Speed ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Attention And Memory ◽  
Reading Abilities ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
The Impact

Purpose People with traumatic brain injury (TBI) often struggle with complex reading, limiting participation in work and educational settings. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined studies of reading conducted with adolescents and adults with TBI to describe reading problems post TBI and investigate underlying factors for the effects of TBI on reading abilities. Method The search was conducted in EBSCO (including MEDLINE, PsycINFO, etc.), BIOSIS, ProQuest, and Web of Science. Empirical studies that used samples with a mean age greater than 10 years, reported injury characteristics, and investigated complex reading abilities (defined as greater than single-word reading) were eligible for this review. Study quality was evaluated using QualSyst. Study and sample characteristics, measures, and outcomes of interest were extracted and synthesized in the review. Studies that compared reading abilities between people with and without TBI were included in the meta-analysis. Results Twenty-four studies met inclusion criteria, six of which addressed reading in pediatric samples. Findings from heterogeneous samples supported the existence of reading deficits post TBI, including mild TBI. In studies of children, comprehension was examined most frequently, whereas reading speed was the focus of most adult studies. Oculomotor functions and processing speed were related to reading speed; cognitive functions, such as attention and memory, were associated with reading comprehension. Intervention studies were limited, but most reported positive effects. The meta-analysis confirmed the impact of TBI on reading with a large effect size ( g = 1.23). Demographic, injury, and study variables did not moderate overall reading outcomes, but male sex was a significant moderator of impairment in reading speed. Discussion Global reading ability, including both comprehension and speed, is negatively impacted by TBI. Future research should continue to explore reading after TBI, including its underlying mechanisms, effects on complex reading activities such as inferencing, development of screening and assessment tools that address a range of functional reading needs, and efficacy of reading-related interventions.

scholarly journals Streptococcus pneumoniae as a Cause of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Indian Adolescents and Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 117954841986279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Canna J. Ghia ◽  
Raja Dhar ◽  
Parvaiz A Koul ◽  
Gautam Rambhad ◽  
Mark A Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Science Communication ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Hand Search ◽  
Indian Patients ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Etiological Agents

Background: Streptococcus pneumoniae is one of the primary cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) worldwide. However, scant data are available on the prevalence of etiological organisms for CAP in adolescent and adult Indian population. Objective: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the contribution of S. pneumoniae in the causation of CAP in Indian patients aged 12 years or above. Methodology: We performed a systematic search of both indexed and non-indexed publications using PubMed, databases of National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources (NISCAIR), Annotated Bibliography of Indian Medicine (ABIM), Google Scholar, and hand search including cross-references using key terms ‘community acquired pneumonia AND India’. All studies, published between January 1990 and January 2017, that evaluated Indian patients aged above 12 years with a confirmed diagnosis of CAP were eligible for inclusion. Our search retrieved a total of 182 studies, of which only 17 and 12 qualified for inclusion in the systematic review of all etiological organisms, and meta-analysis of S. pneumonia, respectively. Results: A total of 1435 patients met the inclusion criteria. The pooled proportion of patients with S. pneumoniae infection was 19% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 12%-26%; I2 = 94.5% where I2 represents heterogeneity, P < .01). Other major etiological agents are Mycoplasma pneumoniae (15.5% [1.1%-35.5%]), Klebsiella pneumoniae (10.5% [1.6%-24.0%]), and Legionella pneumophila (7.3% [2.5%-23.8%]). Conclusions: Analysis found approximately a one-fifth proportion of adult Indian patients of CAP with S. pneumoniae infection, suggesting it as a leading organism for causing CAP compared with other etiological organisms.

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