scholarly journals The effect of ego depletion or mental fatigue on subsequent physical endurance performance: a meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis-Solal Giboin ◽  
Wanja Wolff
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Endurance Performance ◽  
Mental Effort ◽  
Ego Depletion ◽  
Mental Fatigue ◽  
Physical Endurance ◽  
Subsequent Performance ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Performance Impairment ◽  
Mental Exertion

Two independent lines of research propose that exertion of mental effort can impair subsequent performance due to ego depletion or mental fatigue. In this meta-analysis, we unite these research fields to facilitate a greater exchange between the two, to summarize the extant literature and to highlight open questions. We performed a meta-analysis to quantify the effect of ego-depletion and mental fatigue on subsequent physical endurance performance (42 independent effect sizes). We found that ego-depletion or mental fatigue leads to a reduction in subsequent physical endurance performance (ES = -0.506 [95% CI: -0.649, -0.369]) and that the duration of prior mental effort exertion did not predict the magnitude of subsequent performance impairment (r = -0.043). Further, analyses revealed that effects of prior mental exertion are more pronounced in subsequent tasks that use isolation tasks (e.g., handgrip; ES = -0.719 [-0.946, -0.493]) compared to whole-body endurance tasks (e.g. cycling; coefficient = 0.338 [0.057, 0.621]) and that the observed reduction in performance is higher when the person-situation fit is low (ES for high person-situation fit = -0.355 [-0.529, -0.181], coefficient for low person-situation fit = -0.336 [-0.599, -0.073]). Taken together, the aggregate of the published literature on ego depletion or mental fatigue indicates that prior mental exertion is detrimental to subsequent physical endurance performance. However, this analysis also highlights several open questions regarding the effects’ mechanisms and moderators. Particularly, the surprising finding that the duration of prior mental exertion seems to be unrelated to subsequent performance impairment needs to be addressed systematically.

Are Individuals Who Engage in More Frequent Self-Regulation Less Susceptible to Mental Fatigue?

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 289-297
Author(s):  
Kristy Martin ◽  
Kevin G. Thompson ◽  
Richard Keegan ◽  
Ben Rattray
Keyword(s):  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Cognitive Demand ◽  
Endurance Performance ◽  
Mental Fatigue ◽  
Time To Exhaustion ◽  
Physical Endurance ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mental Exertion ◽  
Mean Time

The aim of this study was to investigate whether individuals who engage in more frequent self-regulation are less susceptible to mental fatigue. Occupational cognitive demand and participation in sports or exercise were quantified as activities requiring self-regulation. Cardiorespiratory fitness was also assessed. On separate occasions, participants either completed 90 min of an incongruent Stroop task (mental exertion condition) or watched a 90-min documentary (control condition). Participants then completed a cycling time-to-exhaustion (physical endurance) test. There was no difference in the mean time to exhaustion between conditions, although individual responses varied. Occupational cognitive demand, participation in sports or exercise, and cardiorespiratory fitness predicted the change in endurance performance (p = .026, adjusted R2 = .279). Only cognitive demand added significantly to the prediction (p = .024). Participants who reported higher levels of occupational cognitive demand better maintained endurance performance following mental exertion.

scholarly journals Do people avoid mental effort after facing a highly demanding task?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolin Gieseler ◽  
Michael Inzlicht ◽  
Malte Friese
Keyword(s):  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mental Effort ◽  
Ego Depletion ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Depletion Effect ◽  
Effort Choice

Ego depletion effects are usually examined in a sequential task paradigm in which exerting mental effort in a first task is thought to affect performance on a subsequent self-control task. A so-called ego depletion effect is observed if performance on the second task is impaired for the high demand relative to the low demand group. The present studies take a different approach. Instead of measuring performance in the second task that is equally difficult for all participants, the present studies investigated effects of effortful exertion on the choice to willingly exert effort on a subsequent task. Three pre-registered studies investigated if participants select less effort demanding math problems for upcoming tasks compared to a control group after exerting mental effort in an initial task. Results were mixed. Study 1 (N = 86) revealed no significant effect of mental effort exertion on mean choice difficulty. In Study 2 (N = 269), the expected effect emerged in an exploratory analysis when controlling for math self-assessment, which was robustly associated with the choice measure. Study 3 (N = 330) descriptively, albeit non-significantly replicated this result. An internal random-effects meta-analysis revealed a small overall effect of g = 0.18 when accounting for math self-assessment, albeit with large heterogeneity. Exploratory analyses point to the importance of the subjective experience of mental effort in effort-selection paradigms. We discuss the implications of the small overall effect size for future research and the possibility to examine effort choice in everyday life.

scholarly journals tDCS and sporting performance: A systematic review and meta-analysis of transcranial direct current stimulation effects on physical endurance, muscular strength, and visuomotor skills

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trish Chinzara ◽  
Gavin Buckingham ◽  
David Harris
Keyword(s):  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Muscular Strength ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Endurance Performance ◽  
Physical Endurance ◽  
Sham Control ◽  
Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Visuomotor Skills ◽  
Sporting Performance

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique that has been linked with a range of physiological and cognitive enhancements relevant to sporting performance. As a number of positive and null findings have been reported in the literature, the present meta-analysis sought to synthesise results across endurance, strength and visuomotor skill domains to investigate if tDCS improves any aspect of sporting performance. Online database searches in August 2020 identified 43 full-text studies which examined the acute effects of tDCS compared to sham/control conditions on physical endurance, muscular strength and visuomotor skills in healthy adults. The quantitative analysis indicated a small overall effect favouring tDCS stimulation over sham/control (SMD=0.25, CI95%[0.14;0.36]). Effects on strength (SMD=0.31, CI95%[0.10;0.51]) and visuomotor (SMD=0.29, CI95%[0.00;0.57]) tasks were larger than endurance performance (SMD=0.18, CI95%[0.00;0.37]). Meta-regressions indicated effect sizes were not related to stimulation parameters, but genetics, gender, and experience may modulate tDCS effects. The results suggest tDCS has the potential to be used as an ergogenic aid in conjunction with a specified training regime.

The Ego Could Be Depleted, Providing Initial Exertion Is Depleting

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 242-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junhua Dang ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
Xiaoping Liu ◽  
Lihua Mao
Keyword(s):  
Stroop Task ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Ego Depletion ◽  
Current Experiment ◽  
The Past ◽  
Depletion Effect

Abstract. The ego depletion effect has been examined by over 300 independent studies during the past two decades. Despite its pervasive influence, recently this effect has been severely challenged and asserted to be a fake. Based on an up-to-date meta-analysis that examined the effectiveness of each frequently used depleting task, we preregistered the current experiment with the aim to examine whether there would be an ego depletion effect when the Stroop task is used as the depleting task. The results demonstrated a significant ego depletion effect. The current research highlights the importance of the depleting task’s effectiveness. That is to say, the “ego” could be “depleted,” but only when initial exertion is “depleting.”

The influence of ego depletion on sporting performance: A meta-analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 570
Author(s):  
Mingqiang XIANG ◽  
Liwei ZHANG ◽  
Apei ZHANG ◽  
Hongying YANG
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Ego Depletion ◽  
Sporting Performance

Mindfulness- and Acceptance-Based Interventions for Stroke Survivors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 003435522110432
Author(s):  
Areum Han
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Mental Fatigue ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Meta Analyses

Objective: Mindfulness- and acceptance-based intervention (MABI) is an emerging evidenced-based practice, but no systematic review incorporating meta-analyses for MABIs in stroke survivors has been conducted. The objective of this systematic review was to measure the effectiveness of MABIs on outcomes in people with stroke. Method: Three electronic databases, including PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO, were searched to identify relevant studies published in peer-reviewed journals. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed. Data were extracted and combined in a meta-analysis with a random-effect model to compute the size of the intervention effect. Results: A total of 11 studies met the eligibility criteria. Meta-analyses found a small-to-moderate effect of MABIs on depressive symptoms (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.39, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [0.12, 0.66]) and a large effect on mental fatigue (SMD = 1.22, 95% CI = [0.57, 1.87]). No statistically significant effect of MABIs on anxiety, quality of life, and mindfulness was found, but there was a trend in favor of MABIs overall. Conclusions: This meta-analysis found positive effects of MABIs on depressive symptoms and mental fatigue in stroke survivors, but future high-quality studies are needed to guarantee treatment effects of MABIs on varied outcomes in stroke survivors.

scholarly journals Effects of mental fatigue in physical demands and tactical behavior during small-sided soccer games: A systematic review with meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filipe Manuel Clemente ◽  
Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo ◽  
Daniel Castillo ◽  
Javier Raya-González ◽  
Ana Filipa Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mental Fatigue ◽  
Physical Demands
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