scholarly journals An chronobiological evaluation of the risks of cancelling Daylight Saving Time

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Maria Martin-Olalla
Keyword(s):  
Human Activity ◽  
Daylight Saving Time ◽  
Circadian Misalignment ◽  
Daylight Saving ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Seasonal Regulation ◽  
Long Term Impact

The long term impact of seasonal regulation of clocks (Daylight Saving Time) is analyzed showing that it helped to mitigate the exposition of human activity to the dawn hours of the winter. The increased risks induced by circadian misalignment around transition dates are balanced with the reducing risks over a season induced by a more effective alignment of the human activity to the starting point of the photoperiod.

scholarly journals The long term impact of Daylight Saving Time regulations in daily life at several circles of latitude

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
José María Martín-Olalla
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Daylight Saving Time ◽  
Daylight Saving ◽  
Seasonal Regulation ◽  
Winter Time ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
The Impact

AbstractWe analyze large scale (N ~ 10000) time use surveys in United States, Spain, Italy, France and Great Britain to ascertain seasonal variations in the sleep/wake cycle and the labor cycle after daylight saving time regulations have stood up for at least forty years. That is, not the usual search for the impact of the biannual transitions, but a search for how industrialized societies have answered to DST regulations at different circles of latitude. Results show that the labor cycle is equally distributed through seasons if measured in local time. It is an everyday experience which is a major outcome of DST. The sleep/wake cycle displays disturbances punctuated by solar events: sunrise, sunset and noon. In week-ends, under free preferences, sleep onset delays in summer, opposing to the regulation and following the delay in sunset time, while sleep offset advances, despite clock time already advanced in the spring transition. This advance still follows the advance in sunrise times. The best explanation for these findings is that human cycles are not misaligned by the size and direction of DST regulations, which explains the success of that practice. The sleep/wake cycle in Great Britain and France exhibit fewer statistically significant excursions than the sleep/wake cycle in Spain, Italy and United States, despite light and dark seasonal deviations are larger. That could be indicating that the preference for a seasonal regulation of time decreases with increasing latitude above 47°. The preferences for a seasonal regulation of clocks and for the choice of permanent summer time or permanent winter time are sketched from a previous report on human activity.

scholarly journals Genomic heterogeneity affects the response to Daylight Saving Time

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Tyler ◽  
Yu Fang ◽  
Cathy Goldstein ◽  
Daniel Forger ◽  
Srijan Sen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Shift Work ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Daylight Saving Time ◽  
Circadian Misalignment ◽  
Daylight Saving ◽  
The One ◽  
External Time

ABSTRACTCircadian rhythms drive the timing of many physiological events in the 24-hour day. When individuals undergo an abrupt external shift (e.g., change in work schedule or travel across multiple time zones), circadian rhythms become misaligned with the new time and may take several days to adjust. Chronic circadian misalignment, e.g., as a result of shift work, has been shown to lead to several physical and mental health problems. Despite the serious health implications of circadian misalignment, relatively little is known about how genetic variation affects an individual’s ability to shift to abrupt external changes. Accordingly, we use the one-hour advance from the onset of daylight saving time (DST) as a natural experiment to comprehensively study how individual heterogeneity affects the shift of sleep-wake rhythms in response to an abrupt external time change. We find that individuals genetically predisposed to a morning tendency adjust to the advance in a few days, while genetically predisposed evening-inclined individuals have not shifted. Observing differential effects by genetic disposition after a one-hour advance underscores the importance of heterogeneity in adaptation to external schedule shifts, and these genetic differences may affect how individuals adjust to jet lag or shift work as well.

scholarly journals Genomic heterogeneity affects the response to Daylight Saving Time

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Tyler ◽  
Yu Fang ◽  
Cathy Goldstein ◽  
Daniel Forger ◽  
Srijan Sen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shift Work ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Circadian Clocks ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Daylight Saving Time ◽  
Circadian Misalignment ◽  
Daylight Saving ◽  
The One ◽  
External Time

AbstractCircadian clocks control the timing of many physiological events in the 24-h day. When individuals undergo an abrupt external shift (e.g., change in work schedule or travel across multiple time zones), circadian clocks become misaligned with the new time and may take several days to adjust. Chronic circadian misalignment, e.g., as a result of shift work, has been shown to lead to several physical and mental health problems. Despite the serious health implications of circadian misalignment, relatively little is known about how genetic variation affects an individual’s ability to entrain to abrupt external changes. Accordingly, we used the one-hour advance from the onset of daylight saving time (DST) as a natural experiment to comprehensively study how individual heterogeneity affects the shift of sleep/wake cycles in response to an abrupt external time change. We found that individuals genetically predisposed to a morning tendency adjusted to the advance in a few days, while genetically predisposed evening-inclined individuals had not shifted. Observing differential effects by genetic disposition after a one-hour advance underscores the importance of heterogeneity in adaptation to external schedule shifts. These genetic differences may affect how individuals adjust to jet lag or shift work as well.

scholarly journals Daylight Saving Time Transitions: Impact on Total Mortality

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 1611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Poteser ◽  
Hanns Moshammer
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Daylight Saving Time ◽  
Daylight Saving ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Daily Total

In Europe and many countries worldwide, a half-yearly changing time scheme has been adopted with the aim of optimizing the use of natural daylight during working hours and saving energy. Because the expected net economic benefit was not achieved, the discussion about the optimal solution has been reopened with a shifted focus on social and health related consequences. We set out to produce evidence for this discussion and analysed the impact of daylight saving time on total mortality of a general population in a time series study on daily total mortality for the years 1970–2018 in the city of Vienna, Austria. Daily deaths were modelled by Poisson regression controlling for seasonal and long-term trend, same-day and 14-day average temperature, humidity, and day of week. During the week after the spring transition a significant increase in daily total mortality of about 3% per day was observed. This was not the case during the week after the fall transition. The increase in daily mortality as observed in the week after spring DST-transition is most likely causally linked to the change in time scheme.

Crisis Phones - Suicide Prevention Versus Suggestion/Contagion Effects

Crisis ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 220-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Stack
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Contagion Effects ◽  
Long Term Impact

Abstract. Background: There has been no systematic work on the short- or long-term impact of the installation of crisis phones on suicides from bridges. The present study addresses this issue. Method: Data refer to 219 suicides from 1954 through 2013 on the Skyway Bridge in St. Petersburg, Florida. Six crisis phones with signs were installed in July 1999. Results: In the first decade after installation, the phones were used by 27 suicidal persons and credited with preventing 26 or 2.6 suicides a year. However, the net suicide count increased from 48 in the 13 years before installation of phones to 106 the following 13 years or by 4.5 additional suicides/year (t =3.512, p < .001). Conclusion: Although the phones prevented some suicides, there was a net increase after installation. The findings are interpreted with reference to suggestion/contagion effects including the emergence of a controversial bridge suicide blog.

Long-Term Impact of Participation in the Adolescent Diversion Project

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenna L. Claes ◽  
Sean S. Hankins ◽  
J. K. Ford
Keyword(s):  
Long Term Impact

Long-term Impact of an Early Operated Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD): Mental Health and Development in Children at Early School Age

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeska Stonawski ◽  
Ariawan Purbojo ◽  
Robert Cesnjevar ◽  
Gunther Moll ◽  
Oiver Kratz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Ventricular Septal Defect ◽  
Septal Defect ◽  
School Age ◽  
Early School ◽  
Health And Development ◽  
Early School Age ◽  
Long Term Impact

966-P: The Long-Term Impact of a Flash Glucose Monitoring System on Glycemic Control

Diabetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 966-P
Author(s):  
ATSUSHI FUJIYA ◽  
TOSHIKI KIYOSE ◽  
TAIGA SHIBATA ◽  
HIROSHI SOBAJIMA
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Flash Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
Flash Glucose Monitoring System
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