prevention programs
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2022 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen M. Garcia ◽  
Christi H. Esquivel ◽  
Whitney R. Garney ◽  
Kelly L. Wilson ◽  
Jennifer Farmer

Abstract Background Teen pregnancy prevention in the United States has traditionally focused on the development, testing, and subsequent implementation of a set of evidence-based programs (EBPs), recommended nationally. However, these existing EBPs often do not prioritize the most at-risk or vulnerable populations. Methods The Innovative Teen Pregnancy Prevention Programs (iTP3) project was funded to facilitate the development of new, innovative programs to reach disparate populations. Through a mixed methods design, iTP3 evaluated the process and resulting innovative programs from five iterative cohorts of funded organizations, referred to as Innovators. iTP3 utilized both a traditional funding model with more traditional methods of capacity building assistance, but transitioned over time to a design-focused funding model in which organizations and individuals developed innovative programs through an intensive human centered design process. Results Evaluation results showed that the resulting portfolio of programs had differences in the types of programs resulting from the differing funding models. Notable differences among programs from the two funding models include program length, along with personnel, time, and resources needed to develop and manage. Conclusion Both traditional and design funding models led to innovative programs, with notable differences in the development process and resulting programs.


Viruses ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Stefanos Limnaios ◽  
Evangelia Georgia Kostaki ◽  
Georgios Adamis ◽  
Myrto Astriti ◽  
Maria Chini ◽  
...  

Our aim was to estimate the date of the origin and the transmission rates of the major local clusters of subtypes A1 and B in Greece. Phylodynamic analyses were conducted in 14 subtype A1 and 31 subtype B clusters. The earliest dates of origin for subtypes A1 and B were in 1982.6 and in 1985.5, respectively. The transmission rate for the subtype A1 clusters ranged between 7.54 and 39.61 infections/100 person years (IQR: 9.39, 15.88), and for subtype B clusters between 4.42 and 36.44 infections/100 person years (IQR: 7.38, 15.04). Statistical analysis revealed that the average difference in the transmission rate between the PWID and the MSM clusters was 6.73 (95% CI: 0.86 to 12.60; p = 0.026). Our study provides evidence that the date of introduction of subtype A1 in Greece was the earliest in Europe. Transmission rates were significantly higher for PWID than MSM clusters due to the conditions that gave rise to an extensive PWID HIV-1 outbreak ten years ago in Athens, Greece. Transmission rate can be considered as a valuable measure for public health since it provides a proxy of the rate of epidemic growth within a cluster and, therefore, it can be useful for targeted HIV prevention programs.


2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathina Ali ◽  
Daniel B. Fassnacht ◽  
Louise M. Farrer ◽  
Elizabeth Rieger ◽  
Markus Moessner ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Growing evidence supports the effectiveness of Internet-based prevention programs for eating disorders, but the adjunctive benefit of synchronous peer support has yet to be investigated. In the current study, a randomised controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of an indicated Internet-based prevention program (ProYouth OZ) with and without peer-to-peer support in reducing disordered eating behaviours and attitudes. Method Fifty young adults (18–25 years) with eating disorder symptoms were randomised to one of three study conditions: (1) ProYouth OZ (without peer-to-peer support), (2) ProYouth OZ Peers (with peer-to-peer support), and (3) a waitlist control group. Outcomes were assessed at three different time points. Eating disorder symptoms (primary outcome) were measured with the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire. Results Of 415 screened participants, 73 (17.6%) were eligible and 213 (51.3%) excluded due to severe eating disorder symptoms. Fifteen participants (30%) completed the post-intervention survey. Of the two intervention groups, 20.6% failed to access any component of the program. Of 17 ProYouth OZ Peers participants, 58.8% attended at least one chat session, 20% attended 2–5 sessions, and 11.8% attended all six sessions. Due to limited outcome data, it was not possible to statistically examine between-group differences in outcomes. Visual inspection of individual profiles revealed that both ProYouth OZ Peers participants who completed the post-intervention survey showed a decrease in disordered eating compared with only one of the six completers in ProYouth OZ. Conclusion Findings highlight the challenges of trialling Internet-based eating disorder prevention programs in the community. The study identified a large group of emerging adults with eating disorders who were interested in an Internet-based program, suggesting a high level of unmet need. Future research on synchronous peer-to-peer support in Internet-based prevention for eating disorders is warranted. Further studies are required to identify optimal strategies for reaching this population (e.g., online vs. offline) and evaluating the effectiveness of a range of strategies for promoting engagement. Finally, there is an urgent need to develop innovative widely accessible interventions for individuals who experience clinically relevant eating disorder symptomatology but may not be ready or able to seek professional face-to-face treatment. Trial registration: ACTRN12615001250527, Registered 16 November 2015, https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?ACTRN=12615001250527


2022 ◽  
pp. 398-418
Author(s):  
Sandra Kadum

One of the main tasks of every pedagogue is to critically think and evaluate their own work in order to constantly improve and adapt to the needs of children. In this way, the child is placed at the very center of the educational process, which is the goal of the modern educational process. As part of his work, he creates and implements prevention programs, which leads to risk reduction and strengthening of protective factors for the development of behavioral problems. It should be noted that risk reduction and strengthening of protective factors should be started at the youngest possible age of the child. He also notes that he assesses the needs of whole groups of children, suggests different forms of support to other participants, consults with teachers, children, parents, and all other important people in the child's life. In other words, he creates the conditions for a child's healthy development to change his behavior and effectively meet his own needs by respecting norms, rules, and boundaries.


2022 ◽  
pp. 281-309
Author(s):  
Maria Jakovljevic ◽  
Sheryl Buckley

Behavioral disorders are progressively affecting all categories of pedagogues and educators and all strata of society with prevalently diverse manifestations and gaining the characteristics of an epidemic. It is especially important that future social pedagogues and other professionals contribute to solving socio-pathological problems. This chapter presents solutions and recommendations for behavioral problems detected amongst children and youths. Early uncovering and diagnosis of behavioral disorders is of outmost importance for prevention, rehabilitation, and elimination. The chapter examines the role of the family, the role of the school, and school professional services in the prevention and eradication of behavioral disorders. This chapter further explores the prevention measures to counteract and stop juvenile delinquency and to deal with effective rehabilitation early. This chapter will contribute to the acquisition of knowledge about current prevention programs, getting to know the etymology and measures of prevention, detection, and rehabilitation of the same.


Author(s):  
Rachel Haine-Schlagel ◽  
Kelsey S. Dickson ◽  
Teresa Lind ◽  
Joanna J. Kim ◽  
Gina C. May ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 07 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurmatova T.S. ◽  

The study analyzed data from a representative sample of 1,465 adolescents and young men involved in a one-stage epidemiological study. The prevalence of arterial hypotonia (AG) was 18.6% (10.8% among adolescents and 45.2% among boys; P <0.001). The identified results should be taken into account in the development and implementation of prevention programs for adolescents and adolescents living in the regions of Uzbekistan.


2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-374
Author(s):  
Wesam Saleh A. Al Attar ◽  
Saud Alarifi ◽  
Hussain Ghulam ◽  
Sameer Yamani ◽  
Eyad Alharbi ◽  
...  

Purpose. Physiotherapists are trained to prevent, assess, and rehabilitate all kinds of injuries including sports injury. The goal of the physical therapist should be making sure that the athlete is in optimal shape to perform, with a minimal risk for developing an injury. This study aims to assess the physiotherapists’ awareness, implementation, and views of sports injury prevention programs (IPPs) from an international perspective. Materials and methods. A self-administered questionnaire was developed and distributed to physiotherapists worldwide through World Physiotherapy member organizations. The study targeted physiotherapists at an international level. The study included 484 participants, of whom 44.4% were male and 55.6% were female physiotherapists. Results. A total of 287 (59.3%) of the participants were aware of the current sports IPPs, 177 (36.6%) were implementing sports IPPs in their current practice. Participants who implemented the sports IPPs reported a positive opinion about the program efficacy, with a score of 7.3 ± 2.11 out of 10.  Conclusions. Globally, physiotherapists have average awareness and low implementation levels of IPPs. Physiotherapists showed a positive score regarding the effectiveness of IPPS, especially the KIPP and the iSPRINT.


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