scholarly journals High-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma in thyroglossal cyst: Post-surgical histological surprise and dilemmas

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 177-180
Author(s):  
Ravindran Chirukandath ◽  
CR Nimisha ◽  
PJ Babu ◽  
Puthukatt Muraleedharan Arya ◽  
RS Lekshmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Anaplastic Carcinoma ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Thyroglossal Cyst ◽  
Thyroglossal Duct ◽  
Aggressive Surgical Approach ◽  
Thyroglossal Duct Cysts ◽  
Thyroglossal Duct Remnant

Occurrence of malignancy in the TG cyst has been rarely reported, though rare, and papillary carcinoma predominates the common type but squamous cell carcinomas, anaplastic carcinoma, and medullary have been reported rarely. Mucoepidermoid carcinomas are most commonly seen in salivary glands, and as per the available literature, there was only two cases reported in thyroglossal cyst. We are presenting a 67-year-old lady presented with a 6×8 cm hard swelling below symphysis menti with no thyromegaly and moving on protrusion of tongue, and on MRI, it was found to be thyroglossal cyst with infiltration of strap muscles. Cytological investigation revealed it to be a TG cyst malignancy. The patient underwent total thyroidectomy and radical Sistrunk’s operation. Histopathological and immunohistochemistry revealed it to be a histological examination revealed a low-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma consistent with origin in a thyroglossal duct remnant it invaded the hyoid bone and adjacent strap muscles. Various diagnostic and treatment dilemmas in the treatment of TG cyst malignancy are discussed with reference to mucoepidermoid carcinoma. We are reporting an usual histological surprise in a thyroglossal cyst malignancy being the only second reported case of TG cyst mucoepidermoid carcinoma this case highlights the importance of removal of thyroglossal duct cysts at an early stage and aggressive surgical approach in high-grade tumors.

Different effects of bronchoscopic interventions on children and adults with tracheobronchial mucoepidermoid carcinoma

2021 ◽  
pp. 030089162199589
Author(s):  
Zhang Jieli ◽  
Zhou Yunzhi ◽  
Zhang Nan ◽  
Zou Heng ◽  
Wang Hongwu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma ◽  
Argon Plasma Coagulation ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Argon Plasma ◽  
Rigid Bronchoscopy ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Adult Group ◽  
Histologic Grading ◽  
Comprehensive Therapy

Aims: To investigate the efficacy and safety of minimally invasive bronchoscopic interventions for patients with tracheobronchial mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC). Methods: Patients with tracheobronchial MEC were included in this retrospective study, and the clinical features, histologic grading, treatments, and cumulative survival rates were calculated. Patients were categorized into child (n = 16) and adult (n = 19) group according to their ages. Histologic grading, treatments, and survival status were compared between the two groups. Results: In pathology, high-grade MEC counts for 6.77% and 42.10% in the child and adult group, respectively. As tumor growth pattern was concerned, 93.33% and 21.05% tumors in the child and adult group present intratracheal type. Multiple bronchoscopic interventions were conducted, including rigid bronchoscopy, argon plasma coagulation (APC), dioxide carbon cryotherapy, and electric loop. Tumors could be removed by multiple bronchoscopic interventions. Bronchoscopy-associated complications were rare, including an oral mucosa injury and a glottis edema. In the child group, one patient underwent left upper lung lobectomy. In the adult group, lobectomy and/or chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy were conducted in seven patients. The 5-year survival rate was 100% and 68.90% in the child and the adult group, respectively. Conclusions: Almost all children have low-grade and intratracheal MEC; 2/5 adults have invasive high-grade MEC. Multiple bronchoscopic interventions are effective in erasing low-grade intratracheal MEC without severe complications. For high-grade invasive MEC, aggressive and comprehensive therapy should be considered.

scholarly journals Mucoepidermoid carcinoma in a thyroglossal duct remnant

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 43-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Warner ◽  
E. Ofo ◽  
S. Connor ◽  
E. Odell ◽  
J.P. Jeannon
Keyword(s):  
Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma ◽  
Thyroglossal Duct ◽  
Thyroglossal Duct Remnant

scholarly journals Low and high grade glioma segmentation in multispectral brain MRI data

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
László Szilágyi ◽  
David Iclănzan ◽  
Zoltán Kapás ◽  
Zsófia Szabó ◽  
Ágnes Győrfi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
High Grade Glioma ◽  
Detection Algorithm ◽  
Gabor Wavelet ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Morphological Operations ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Mass Screening System

Abstract Several hundreds of thousand humans are diagnosed with brain cancer every year, and the majority dies within the next two years. The chances of survival could be easiest improved by early diagnosis. This is why there is a strong need for reliable algorithms that can detect the presence of gliomas in their early stage. While an automatic tumor detection algorithm can support a mass screening system, the precise segmentation of the tumor can assist medical staff at therapy planning and patient monitoring. This paper presents a random forest based procedure trained to segment gliomas in multispectral volumetric MRI records. Beside the four observed features, the proposed solution uses 100 further features extracted via morphological operations and Gabor wavelet filtering. A neighborhood-based post-processing was designed to regularize and improve the output of the classifier. The proposed algorithm was trained and tested separately with the 54 low-grade and 220 high-grade tumor volumes of the MICCAI BRATS 2016 training database. For both data sets, the achieved accuracy is characterized by an overall mean Dice score > 83%, sensitivity > 85%, and specificity > 98%. The proposed method is likely to detect all gliomas larger than 10 mL.

scholarly journals Pulmonary mucoepidermoid carcinoma: Clinicopathological characteristics of 20 cases and a literature review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Yan Xiao Chen ◽  
Jun Zi Qian ◽  
Ping Yue ◽  
Jialei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Markers ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma ◽  
Clinicopathological Characteristics ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Alk Rearrangement ◽  
Ki 67

Abstract Background: Pulmonary mucoepidermoid carcinoma is a rare tumor of the lung. The clinicopathological characteristics of pulmonary mucoepidermoid carcinoma are not well defined due to the low incidence. This study was performed to provide more supplementary clues for the identification and understanding of pulmonary mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Methods: We reviewed the medical records since January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2018. The patients’ medical records，including age at the time of diagnosis , gender, smoking history, preoperative evaluations, operative procedures, tumor location, tumor size, tumor stage, lymph node metastasis, pathological markers, prognosis and survival information were extracted and reviewed. Categorical variables were presented as parameters and percentages. A comparison was performed between patients with high and low grade of pulmonary mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Results: 20 patients were identified and the age span is from 18 to 67 year-old with the average age is 45. Mucoepidermoid carcinomas were commonly found in men（60%）. 80% patients had clinical presentations and the positive rate of tumor markers was 78%, although no specific tumor markers were found. TTF-1 were negative in all cases. ALK rearrangement was identified in a non-smoking woman with high grade pulmonary mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Surgery is the main procedure. 3-year survival rate is 72% and 80% patients achieved disease-free alive. High-grade patients tend to harbor older age (p=0.035), larger tumor volume (p=0.026) and higher index of ki-67(p=0.0005). Conclusions: Pulmonary mucoepidermoid carcinoma could occur in a wide age span. Early diagnosis and complete surgical resection may promise a good prognosis. Grading is a key factor to predict the overall survival time. Combined TTF-1 and MAML2 will benefit the identification of pulmonary mucoepidermoid carcinoma from other lung tumors. Future prospective randomized controlled trials and larger, multi-centric series are needed.

scholarly journals The breast pre-cancer atlas illustrates the molecular and micro-environmental diversity of ductal carcinoma in situ

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Nachmanson ◽  
Adam Officer ◽  
Hidetoshi Mori ◽  
Jonathan Gordon ◽  
Mark F. Evans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ductal Carcinoma In Situ ◽  
Carcinoma In Situ ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Prognostic Models ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Luminal A ◽  
Environmental Diversity

The increased detection and treatment of early stage breast cancer as well as ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) has not led to significant survival benefits. Therefore, the current standard treatment of DCIS is questionable. An informed evidence-based treatment strategy, and likely de-escalation from the current standards requires new prognostic models built from more comprehensive characterization with objective criteria. Parallel profiling of the molecular landscape and micro-environment in pure DCIS remains challenging due to histological heterogeneity and the inevitable reliance on small archived specimens. Leveraging recent methodological advances, we characterized the mutational, transcriptional, histological and microenvironmental landscape across multiple micro-dissected regions from 39 cases to generate a multi-modal breast precancer atlas. The histological architecture was associated with grade, adiposity, and intrinsic expression subtypes. Similar to previous findings, high-grade lesions had higher mutational burden, including TP53 mutations, while low-grade lesions had more frequent 16q losses and GATA3 mutations. Multi-region analysis revealed most somatic alterations, including whole genome duplication events, were clonal, but genetic divergence increased with distance between regions. In 7/12 evaluable cases, somatic mutations in putative driver genes affected a subset of regions only. This genetic heterogeneity often accompanied phenotypic heterogeneity and regions with low risk features (Normal-like, Luminal A) occurred earlier than those with high-risk features (Her2-like, Basal or necrosis) according to the phylogenetic analysis. The immune-environment was evaluated using multiplex immuno-histochemistry to measure relative stromal and epithelial densities of B lymphocyte (B-cell), T lymphocyte (T-cell) and regulatory T cells (T-reg) and identify 3 immune-states: Active, Suppressed and Excluded (lower epithelial density). All states included both DCIS and adjacent benign regions, and none associated with intrinsic subtypes. The Excluded state was enriched in high-grade DCIS and, compared to benign areas, more likely acquired in DCIS, showing transcriptional evidence of stronger immune-suppression and possible evasion. The breast pre-cancer atlas therefore reveals correlated levels of phenotypic and genotypic heterogeneity, including at sub-histological resolution. These uniquely integrated observations will help scope future studies, prioritize candidate markers for progression risk modelling and identify functional similarities in precursor lesions from other types of adenocarcinomas.

Thyroglossal duct cyst masquerading as a haematoma

2004 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Persaud ◽  
Melissa Short ◽  
Prasad Kothari ◽  
Anthony Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Thyroglossal Duct Cyst ◽  
Thyroglossal Cyst ◽  
Suprasternal Notch ◽  
Aspiration Cytology ◽  
En Bloc ◽  
Duct Cyst ◽  
Thyroglossal Duct ◽  
Thyroglossal Duct Cysts ◽  
Needle Aspiration Cytology

Thyroglossal duct cysts most frequently present in childhood as painless midline swellings around the level of the hyoid. Classically the cyst moves upwards on protruding the tongue. Here we report a novel case of a thyroglossal cyst in an adult in whom the history, examination and fine needle aspiration cytology were typical of a traumatic haematoma. This case is also unique because the thyroglossal duct cyst extended beyond the thyroid gland to the suprasternal notch and actually required two parallel transverse cervical incisions for its complete en bloc removal.

scholarly journals Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma: A Demographic and Histopathological Profile

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 298-302
Author(s):  
Zainab Niazi
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Parotid Gland ◽  
Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma ◽  
Salivary Gland Tumors ◽  
Anatomical Site ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Histopathological Grading ◽  
Malignant Salivary Gland Tumors

Background: To find the frequency and clinico-pathological presentation of mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC).Materials and Methods:In this study, we included all the malignant salivary gland tumors. Among these the frequency of mucoepidermoid carcinoma was considered. Age, gender, histopathological grading and anatomical site of tumor were included in data analysis.Results:Out of 60 malignant salivary gland tumors reported to the histopathology department, 30 tumors were diagnosed as mucoepidermoid carcinomas. The patient’s age having mucoepidermoid carcinoma ranged from 6 to 88 years, mean age of 44.9±19.2SD. The male patients were 23 in number while female were 7. Out of 30 cases, 73.3% patients had tumor in parotid gland, while13.3% patients in submandibular gland . Other tumors were in palate, retromolar area, and in posterior 1/3rdof tongue (13.3%). According to histopathological grading 26.6% cases of MEC were of high grade, 26.6 % were intermediate grade and 36.6% were low grade.Conclusions:According to this study, the frequency of MEC was 50% among all salivary gland tumors. MEC was mostly found in parotid gland and histopathologically low grade type was the most common.

scholarly journals A rare case of co-existing branchial cyst and thyroglossal cyst

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 1953
Author(s):  
Natashya H. Sima ◽  
Jomy George ◽  
Ophelia D’Souza ◽  
Poonam K. Saidha
Keyword(s):  
Rare Case ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Branchial Arch ◽  
Thyroglossal Cyst ◽  
Thyroglossal Duct ◽  
Branchial Cyst ◽  
The Third ◽  
Neck Masses ◽  
Thyroglossal Duct Cysts ◽  
Thyroglossal Duct Remnants

<p class="abstract">Thyroglossal duct remnants and branchial arch anomalies are the most common congenital neck masses. These anomalies typically present in childhood or early adulthood as cysts, sinuses or cartilaginous remnants, but may rarely present in late adulthood. Although both thyroglossal duct remnants and branchial cysts may be encountered individually, these anomalies are rarely encountered together in the same individual. We report the third such case of co-existing branchial cyst and thyroglossal cyst occurring in the same individual with review of embryological development of thyroglossal duct cysts and second branchial arch anomalies.</p>

scholarly journals Metastatic mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the lung: A case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-435
Author(s):  
Shylashree ◽  
Divya B M ◽  
Kush Nimron
Keyword(s):  
Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma ◽  
Lung Metastases ◽  
Left Lung ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Aggressive Form ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Lung Malignancy ◽  
Histological Characteristics ◽  
Chemotherapy Initiation

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is a rare form of lung malignancy that is classified into high-grade and low-grade according to its histological characteristics. High-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma (HMC) is more aggressive form of malignancy which involves lymph node and distant metastasis. Here, we report a 62-year-old female with complaints of dry cough and generalized weakness was diagnosed to have high grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma of lung metastases to lymph nodes, pleura, left adrenal and skeleton. Diagnosis was confirmed by Computed Tomography (CT) which showed numerous lung nodules, biopsy revealing metastatic deposit of mucoepidermoid and Positron Emission Tomography (PET) indicating primary left lung malignancy with metastasis. Despite chemotherapy initiation, the prognosis remained poor.

scholarly journals Triple thyroglossal duct cysts in an adult: a rare case report and review of literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-126
Author(s):  
Abhishek Bhardwaj ◽  
◽  
Kartikesh Gupta ◽  
Manu Malhotra ◽  
Madhu Priya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
English Literature ◽  
Neck Mass ◽  
Thyroglossal Duct Cyst ◽  
Thyroglossal Cyst ◽  
Duct Cyst ◽  
Thyroglossal Duct ◽  
Rare Case Report ◽  
Thyroglossal Duct Cysts ◽  
Atypical Presentations ◽  
Work Up

Introduction. Thyroglossal duct cyst (TDC) is the most common cause of congenital neck mass. These can present anywhere from foramen caecum to mediastinum. Usually presents as a solitary cyst, the double thyroglossal cyst is very rare and a triple thyroglossal cyst has never been reported. Aim. Herein, we report an atypical case of triple thyroglossal cyst, at levels of hyoid, thyrohyoid membrane and thyroid isthmus managed surgically without any complication. Description of the case. We are presenting case of a 48-year-old female who presented to us with the complaint of anterior neck swelling since birth. On work up it was diagnosed as a case of the thyroglossal duct cyst and was intraoperatively found to have 3 distinct cystic swellings connected to a common stalk lying beneath the hyoid. It was successfully treated by modified Sistrunk’s procedure. There was no evidence of recurrence on follow up for 6 months. Considering atypical presentations, there are 9 cases reported with the double thyroglossal duct cyst, TDC within the thyroid gland and sublingual TDC. Such presentations make the diagnosis more challenging, leading to improper treatment. Conclusion. We are presenting this case as there is no case reported in English literature with a triple thyroglossal duct cyst. An awareness that thyroglossal cyst can present as multiple cysts is important for clinician in order to perform correct surgical management and to avoid the most feared complication of recurrence.

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