scholarly journals SHIFTS IN LEAF PHENOLOGY OF THREE HIMALAYAN OAK SPECIES: ROLE OF WOOD WATER PROPERTIES

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Deepak B. Chand ◽  
Kanta Poudyal ◽  
P. K. Jha
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Damage ◽  
Leaf Phenology ◽  
Monthly Variation ◽  
Water Properties ◽  
Leaf Emergence ◽  
Quercus Glauca ◽  
Quercus Semecarpifolia ◽  
Evergreen Oak ◽  
Tree Leaf

An investigation has been done with the three Himalayan oak species at Phulchowki Hill Lalitpur Nepal to relate leaf phenology responses of trees to wood water properties. We recorded the wood water content, wood density, water in wood and leaf phenological patterns of three evergreen oak species (Quercus semecarpifolia, Quercus lamellosa and Quercus glauca) for 2 years. Our results revealed significant changes in leaf phenology within oak species between years, with shifts in leaf emergence, leaf damage and leaf senescence. Shifts in tree leaf phenology found in studied years suggest that the inter-annual and monthly variation in wood water properties could attribute to shift in tree leaf phenology.ECOPRINT 24: 29-36, 2017

scholarly journals ROLE OF WOOD WATER PROPERTIES AND LEAF DYNAMICS IN PHENOLOGY AND RESPONSE TO DROUGHT IN EVERGREEN HIMALAYAN TREE SPECIES

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 71-84
Author(s):  
Kanta Poudyal ◽  
P. K. Jha ◽  
D. B. Zobel
Keyword(s):  
Significant Variation ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Percentage Content ◽  
Water Properties ◽  
Leaf Emergence ◽  
Moisture Percentage ◽  
Castanopsis Indica ◽  
One Year

Five evergreen Himalayan trees namely Castanopsis indica, Schima wallichii, Rhododendron arboreum, Quercus lanata and Q. semecarpifolia were studied for their phenological responses to drought. Wood water properties (wood moisture percentage, wood density and water in wood per volume), starch percentage content, specific leaf mass, nitrogen content in leaves and phenological processes such as leaf emergence, senescence, flowering and fruiting were measured. Measurements were taken 28 times from December 1998 to April 2001 except for the monsoon months. There was significant variation in starch percentage in zero and one year old twigs. Mean starch percentage content ranged from 23% and 17.1% (S. wallichii) to 64% and 61.7% (C. indica) in zero year and one year old twig, respectively. Wood water properties were highest in R. arboreum and lowest in C. indica. SLM showed significant variation with sampled species and mean SLM was highest in R arboreum (1.6 × 10-2 g cm-2) and lowest in S. wallichii (0.64 × 10-2 g cm-2). Mean N ranged from 1.13% (R arboreum) to 1.98% (C. indica). Reserved starch percentage and SLM had a strong effect on phenological activities. They increased during the vegetative bud break and leaf emergence and decreased during senescence. Similarly, leaf nitrogen in the studied species was at the crest of concentration during leaf initiation then declined, one in expanded leaves as the concentration became diluted by increasing cell wall material, and the other at the time of senescence by resorption. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/eco.v19i0.9857Ecoprint An International Journal of Ecology Vol. 19, 2012 Page: 71-84 Uploaded date: 2/14/2014 

scholarly journals Dimorphic Sessile Apterae of the Aphid Neothoracaphis glaucae (Hemiptera) on the Evergreen Oak Quercus glauca

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Shigeyuki Aoki ◽  
Utako Kurosu ◽  
Keigo Uematsu ◽  
Takema Fukatsu ◽  
Mayako Kutsukake
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Japanese Species ◽  
Quercus Glauca ◽  
Evergreen Oak

Species of the aphid genus Neothoracaphis (Hormaphidinae, Nipponaphidini) produce tiny, sessile, sclerotized apterous adults on leaves of oaks. Among Japanese species, “N. glaucae” has been known to have the largest, ovate apterae, while “N. saramaoensis” has smaller, elongated oval apterae on Quercus glauca. Through examining mitochondrial DNA sequences of Japanese Neothoracaphis species, we found that the two are the same species with a clear dimorphism. Neothoracaphis glaucae (Takahashi) was adopted as the valid name for the species. In Tokyo, Japan, apterae of the smaller type are abundantly seen throughout the year, and those of the larger type are generally few in number from summer to autumn. Alates, which are supposed to be sexuparae, appear from November to January. Nymphs developing into the alates are covered with long, semitransparent, bristle-like wax filaments. We conclude that N. querciphaga, N. elongata, and N. yanonis are distinct species and that both the genus Neothoracaphis and the three Neothoracaphis species other than N. yanonis form monophyletic groups among Japanese Nipponaphidini species we have examined.

scholarly journals Leaf phenology, growth and photosynthesis in Pseudobombax munguba (Malvaceae)

Revista CERES ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Antonio Marenco ◽  
Francinete de Freitas Sousa ◽  
Marcilia Freitas de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Leaf Expansion ◽  
Leaf Phenology ◽  
Diameter Growth ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Adult Tree ◽  
Leaf Shedding ◽  
Tree Leaf ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT Munguba (Pseudobombax munguba) is a tree often found in low-land forests of the Amazon region, and there is a paucity of data regarding its ecophysiology. The aim of this work was to determine photosynthetic rates and growth of munguba saplings and to describe leaf phenology of a munguba tree. In greenhouse-grown saplings, diameter growth, leaf expansion, photosynthesis and stomatal conductance were determined. To describe the relationship between photosynthesis and leaf expansion, regression analysis was used. It was also described the leaf phenology of an adult tree by observing foliage changes at one-week intervals for two years. The leaves completed their expansion in 18 days, and leaf greening was completed in 40 days. Photosynthesis positively correlated with leaf expansion, but there was no correlation between stomatal conductance and leaf growth. Growth in diameter was 1.8 mm month‒1. Relative growth rate was low, 0.010 g g-1 day-1. In the adult tree, leaf shedding was concentrated in July-August and by the second week of September the tree had already produced new leaves. Leaf longevity of munguba is about 11 months. It is hypothesized that leaf phenology of munguba is associated with the increased solar radiation of the dry season.

Experimental branch warming alters tall tree leaf phenology and acorn production

2010 ◽  
Vol 150 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 1026-1029 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro Nakamura ◽  
Onno Muller ◽  
Shiori Tayanagi ◽  
Tatsuro Nakaji ◽  
Tsutom Hiura
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Phenology ◽  
Acorn Production ◽  
Tall Tree ◽  
Tree Leaf

The role of tree leaf mulch and nitrogen fertilizer on turfgrass soil quality

1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Acosta-Mart�nez ◽  
Z. Reicher ◽  
M. Bischoff ◽  
R. F. Turco
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Leaf Mulch ◽  
Tree Leaf

Effect of plant density and light availability on leaf damage in Manilkara bidentata (Sapotaceae)

2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 447-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pilar Angulo-sandoval ◽  
T. Mitchell Aide
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Light Availability ◽  
Leaf Damage ◽  
Leaf Phenology ◽  
Leaf Miner ◽  
Detectable Effect ◽  
Leaf Production ◽  
Leaf Quality ◽  
Plant Herbivore

Variation in herbivory is often associated with plant density and light environment. The effect of these variables was studied on leaf production and herbivory of Manilkara bidentata in Puerto Rico. The major herbivore of M. bidentata is the leaf miner Acrocercops sp. To determine the effect of plant density, twenty-four 20-m × 20-m plots were established and the densities of saplings, juveniles and adults were determined. Leaf production, herbivory and growth were measured on saplings. Plant density was determined in eight 20-m × 20-m plots surrounding the focal plots. The effect of light was determined by comparing leaf phenology, leaf quality and herbivory in vertical and horizontal profiles. Sapling density in 60-m × 60-m plots was associated with herbivory. In the vertical profile, leaf production was continuous only for the canopy: herbivory increased from the canopy (1.3%) towards the understorey (35.6%). In the horizontal profile leaf production was related to light. Saplings in low light environments had narrow peaks in leaf production compared with saplings in high light environments. Differences in leaf phenology did not result in differences in herbivory possibly because of variation in herbivory among leaves. Although many saplings lost more than 80% of new leaf area, there was no detectable effect on growth. High levels of intra-specific variation in herbivory suggest that to better understand plant/herbivore interactions it is necessary to consider all size classes in a population. It is also important to document these pattern across different spatial scales.

Transmitted light as a tool to monitor tree leaf phenology and development applied to Quercus petraea

2019 ◽  
Vol 275 ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
Thomas Perot ◽  
Philippe Balandier ◽  
Camille Couteau ◽  
Sandrine Perret ◽  
Vincent Seigner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quercus Petraea ◽  
Transmitted Light ◽  
Leaf Phenology ◽  
Tree Leaf

4 + n-Dimensional Water and Waves on Four and Eleven-Dimensional Manifolds

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Sepehri
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Extra Dimensions ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dimensional Manifold ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Structure Of Water ◽  
Water Properties ◽  
Other Hand

In this paper, we consider the structure of water and waves from viewpoints of two observers, one lives on 4-dimensional manifold and another lives on 11-dimensional manifold. On four dimensional manifold, if a water contains molecules of DNA, emits waves that by achieving to second water, give their information to it and produce new structures which are affected by the existence of DNA molecules and can be detected by PCR. Type of packings of DNAs in men is dierent from women. Consequently, their radiated waves are different and for storing their information, we need to two types of water. However on four dimensional manifold, the structures of water are approximately the same. There is a probability that dierences between various types of water could be observed in extra dimensions. On the other hand, waves that interact with water in extra dimensions can play the role of topoisomerases in biology on 11-dimensional manifold. They open packings of DNA, read it's information and transmit it to water. Properties of these topoisomerase-like waves are dierent from electromagnetic and gravitational waves. However,by reducing dimensions from 11 to 4, these waves become similar to known waves in four dimensions. Two structures of water and wave in extra dimensions have effects in nature. For example, waters inside the egg of women and water outside it have dierent structures which causes to the emergence of the entanglement between them. If sperms enter to water outside the egg, this entanglement is broken and some holes are appeared inside the egg. To fill these holes, sperms are teleported from water outside the egg to water inside the egg. Another effect is radiating some topoisomerase like waves of earth and sun which are helpful for plants and transcription and translation in cells. In some conditions, these waves interact with water, extract DNAs from it's structure in extra dimensions and create life.

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