scholarly journals How to control illegal wildlife trade in the Himalayas

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 15-16
Author(s):  
Ramesh P Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Endangered Species ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Wildlife Trade ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Illegal Trade ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Illegal Wildlife Trade ◽  
Wild Fauna ◽  
Academic Publications

Review of Cites Implementation in Nepal and India – Law, Policy and Practice by Ravi Sharma Aryal Bhrikuti Academic Publications, Kathmandu, Nepal, 2004 200 pp, ISBN 99933-673-4-6 NRs 995, US$ 25 (paperback) The international illegal trade in wildlife and wildlife products is one the major engines driving species to extinction. The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), which defines standards for use of wildlife and their products, represents a major global commitment to reverse this trend. It remains to be seen whether the terms of this treaty will be enforced. Focusing on Nepal and its neighbors, Aryal discusses the obstacles to its successful implementation: imprecise legislation, inconsistent policies, lack of coordination among relevant institutions (particularly, those responsible for regulating international trade), and the deadly threat posed by poachers determined to protect their endangered livelihoods. Aryal’s recommendations are detailed, far-reaching, and compelling. Himalayan Journal of Sciences 2(3): 15-16, 2004 The full text is of this article is available at the Himalayan Journal of Sciences website

scholarly journals Speciesism and the Wildlife Trade: Who gets Listed, Downlisted and Uplisted in CITES?

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Hutchinson ◽  
Nathan Stephens-Griffin ◽  
Tanya Wyatt
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Endangered Species ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Wildlife Trade ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Illegal Trade ◽  
International Union ◽  
Survival Status ◽  
Wild Fauna ◽  
To Receive

Wildlife faces a number of threats due to human activity, including overexploitation from excessive and/or illegal trade. The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) is the main international legal instrument to address such overexploitation. However, not all species threatened by excessive trade are protected by CITES, leading to criticism that it is an instrument for the preservation of exploitation as opposed to the protection of wildlife (Goyes and Sollund 2016). This article explores whether CITES classifications can be said to perpetuate speciesist thinking. We highlight which species are more likely to receive protection by analysing which species are listed and how some species move between the CITES Appendices and comparing this to the International Union for the Conservation of Nature’s (IUCN) classifications for traded wildlife. We find that a species’ market value, charisma, and survival status form a complex set of characteristics that lead (or not) to the continual trade of some species, even though they are facing extinction from human consumption.

CITES-listed Wildlife Trade of the Czech Republic

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 2-8
Author(s):  
Nikola Sagapova ◽  
Radim Dusek
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Endangered Species ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Wildlife Trade ◽  
Endangered Plants ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Wildlife Species ◽  
Wild Fauna ◽  
Increasing Trend

Wildlife trade involves many animal and plant species and their products. CITES (Convention on International Trafe in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora) aims on protecting endangered plants and animals from being overharvested for the purposes of international trade through system of regulations, permits and monitoring. CITES Trade Database is a tool dedicated for the evidence of international trade of endangered wildlife species. We used records from the CITES Trade Database to conduct the analysis of the legal wildlife trade in the Czech Republic in the period 2008-2018. A total amount of 12,615 shipment records were extracted from CITES Trade Database. Amongst most imported taxons belong mammals (mostly genuses Ursus and Panthera) and reptiles (primarily genuses Varanus and Triocerus), while most exported taxons are birds (prevailing genuses Platycercus, Polytelis and Falco) and mammals (especially genus Lemur). While the export records showed an increasing trend, the imports were culminating around the average level of 642.3 records per year and lowest amount in the last year of the period. We emphasise smuggling of snowdrops and tigers and their products, which were reported to be seized, but with lack of records in legal trade.

scholarly journals Trade in non-native, CITES-listed, wildlife in Asia, as exemplified by the trade in freshwater turtles and tortoises (Chelonidae) in Thailand

2007 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Nijman ◽  
Chris R. Shepherd
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Endangered Species ◽  
Retail Price ◽  
Wildlife Trade ◽  
Freshwater Turtles ◽  
Wild Fauna ◽  
The World ◽  
Conservation Concern ◽  
International Wildlife Trade

In 1973 the Convention in International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) was called to life as to regulate the international wildlife trade, and to prevent species becoming (economically and biologically) extinct. The trade in freshwater turtles and tortoises in Asia is so huge that it threatens the survival of many species. In 2006 and 2007, during three surveys at Chatuchak market in Bangkok, Thailand, we recorded a significant trade in non-native CITES-listed freshwater turtles and tortoises to be used as pets. We documented a total of 688 individuals of 19 species from different regions of the world, many of which are globally threatened with extinction. Most commonly recorded were three species of tortoise from Madagascar and Africa, i.e. Radiated Tortoise Geochelone radiata, Spurred Tortoise G. sulcata and Leopard Tortoise G. pardalis. Five species were listed on CITES Appendix I, precluding all international trade, and an additional six Appendix II or III-listed species that can be traded albeit regulated, were not registered as being imported into Thailand in the last six year. CITES I-listed species were not more expensive than CITES II or III listed species, nor was there a relationship between retail price and numbers of turtles observed. The large number and availability of illegally sourced animals indicates a blatant disregard for law and authority by traders both from Thailand and from exporting countries. We conclude that the trade in these species, in such significant volumes, is of serious conservation concern, and in order for CITES to be more effective it is imperative that Parties recognize the scale of the international trade in freshwater turtles and tortoises and respond accordingly.

Using online media-sourced seizure data to assess the illegal wildlife trade in Siamese rosewood

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 352-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
PENTHAI SIRIWAT ◽  
VINCENT NIJMAN
Keyword(s):  
Wildlife Trade ◽  
Online Media ◽  
Timber Species ◽  
Illegal Trade ◽  
Illegal Wildlife Trade ◽  
Wild Fauna ◽  
The North ◽  
International Pressure ◽  
Domestic Legislation ◽  
Key Factor

SUMMARYThe illegal wildlife trade is covert by nature, and thus is often challenging to study. Seizure data is traditionally the most common means to gain insight into the trade for many species. Online media-sourced seizure records were applied to study the illegal trade of Siamese rosewood (Dalbergia cochinchinensis), one of 33 timber species of hongmu (rosewood), which is logged to produce luxury products predominantly for Chinese markets. Despite recent international pressure to strengthen the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) regulations, illegal trade of Siamese rosewood is prevalent in its range states. This paper will explore seizure reports in Thai online media and analyse spatial, temporal and other factors that potentially explain the trade. Between January 2014 and April 2016, 835 independent seizures were reported in 37 of 76 provinces in Thailand. Seizures occurred mostly in the north-eastern and eastern provinces with higher numbers of seizures closer to the border. The number of seizure reports decreased over time, and the average number of logs seized per seizure was consistent over the 28-month study period. Inadequate domestic legislation is a key factor facilitating the trade. Improvements are needed to the legislation and enforcement ahead of implementing other regional timber-specific initiatives and regulations. In this specific context, CITES also appears to be unacknowledged and ineffective in hampering the Siamese rosewood trade. Importantly, we find that using media-sourced seizure data is highly apt in Thailand's context, considering Thailand's sensitive political state and the prevalence of trade in other non CITES-listed rosewood species. The approach demonstrated here is applicable to many other wildlife species.

scholarly journals Use of DNA Barcoding to Control the Illegal Wildlife Trade: A CITES Case Report from Pakistan

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Attika Rehman ◽  
Sana Jafar ◽  
Naeem Ashraf Raja ◽  
Javed Mahar
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Wildlife Trade ◽  
Illegal Trade ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Turtle Species ◽  
Illegal Wildlife Trade ◽  
Fish Meat ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Wildlife Species

Illegal wildlife trade is a great threat to the conservation efforts made worldwide to save wildlife species and their parts. Use of molecular methods, including DNA barcoding, is gaining acceptance to detect cross-border movement of endangered species. Here we report the utility of DNA barcoding in the detection of smuggling of an endangered turtle species from Pakistan. The consignment labeled as “fish meat” was intercepted at a Pakistani port and was tested for its source using DNA Barcoding with fish-specific primers. Sequences from the samples from this consignment matched (99%) with those from Lissemys punctata (Indian flap-shelled turtle), a species listed by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES). This report highlights the problem of smuggling protected species under false pretenses and the importance of DNA barcoding in stopping such illegal trade.

scholarly journals The evolution of legal controls on rhinoceros products in Hong Kong—an Asian model worth considering

Oryx ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 209-214
Author(s):  
Tom Milliken
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Endangered Species ◽  
Illegal Trade ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Domestic Markets ◽  
Wild Fauna ◽  
National Boundaries ◽  
Legal Controls

Although commercial international trade in rhinoceros parts, products and derivatives has been prohibited under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora since 1977, trade within national boundaries cannot be regulated under the Convention. As a result illegal trade to supply domestic markets persists and rhinoceros populations continue to decline. Hong Kong was the first government in Asia to address this problem. Over a period of 13 years Hong Kong authorities introduced regulations progressively restricting the trade until in 1989 all aspects of the country's rhino trade became subject to legal prohibitions. Hong Kong's experience offers a valuable model for other Asian countries.

scholarly journals Bear trade in the Czech Republic: an analysis of legal and illegal international trade from 2005 to 2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris R. Shepherd ◽  
Jitka Kufnerová ◽  
Tomáš Cajthaml ◽  
Jaroslava Frouzová ◽  
Lalita Gomez
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Endangered Species ◽  
International Collaboration ◽  
Illegal Trade ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Wild Fauna ◽  
The Usa

AbstractThere is a large demand for bear parts in the Czech Republic, and this drives legal and illegal trade in various bear species sourced from outside the country. From 2010 to 2018, the Czech Republic reported legal imports of 495 bear parts, mostly as trophies from Canada and Russia. Illegal trade in bear parts and derivatives for medicine as well as trophies persists as evidenced by the number of seizures made by the Czech Environmental Inspectorate during this same period. From January 2005 to February 2020, 36 seizures involving bears, their parts and derivatives, were made totalling 346 items. Most cases involved trophies (skins, skulls, taxidermies) predominantly from Canada, Russia and the USA, followed by traditional medicines claiming to contain bear parts mostly from Vietnam and China. Three cases involved souvenirs or jewellery, and one case involved live bear cubs. The greatest number of seizures made originated from Vietnam, followed by Canada and Russia. As all countries involved in these incidents are Parties to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), there is a mechanism in place to jointly tackle this illegal trade. International collaboration is essential if efforts to end the illegal international trade in bear parts and derivatives are to succeed.

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