scholarly journals Computed Tomography evaluation of maxillofacial injuries

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 131-136
Author(s):  
V Natraj Prasad ◽  
Ashish Khanal
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Multidetector Computed Tomography ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Nasal Bone ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Maxillofacial Injuries ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Complex Anatomy ◽  
Plain Films ◽  
Maxillofacial Fractures

Background & Objectives: The maxillofacial region, a complex anatomical structure, can be evaluated by conventional (plain) films, Tomography, Multidetector Computed Tomography, Three-Dimensional Computed Tomography, Orthopantomogram and Magnetic Resonance Imaging. The study was conducted with objective of describing various forms of maxillofacial injuries, imaging features of different types of maxillofacial fractures and the advantage of using Three- Dimensional Computed Tomography reconstructed image. Materials & Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted among 50 patients during April 2014 to September 2016 using Toshiba Aquilion Prime 160 slice Multi Detector Computed Tomography scanner.Results: The maxillofacial fractures were significantly higher in male population (88%) than female population (12 %). Road traffic accidents were the most common cause of injury others being physical assault and fall from height. It was most common in 31-40 years (26%) and 21-30 (24%) years age group. Maxillary sinus was the commonest fracture (36%) followed by nasal bone and zygomatic bone (30%), mandible and orbital bones (28%). Soft tissue swelling was the commonest associated finding. Three dimensional images (3 D) compared to the axial scans missed some fractures. However, the extension of the complex fracture lines and degree of displacement were more accurately assessed. Complex fractures found were Le fort (6%) and naso-orbito-ethmoid (4%) fractures.Conclusion: The proper evaluation of complex anatomy of the facial bones requires Multidetector Computed Tomography which offers excellent spatial resolution enabling multiplanar reformations and three dimensional reconstructions for enhanced diagnostic accuracy and surgical planning.

scholarly journals Diagnostic tools in maxillofacial fractures: Is there really a need of three-dimensional computed tomography?

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (02) ◽  
pp. 225-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheerin Shah ◽  
Sanjeev K. Uppal ◽  
Rajinder K. Mittal ◽  
Ramneesh Garg ◽  
Kavita Saggar
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Computed Radiography ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Nasal Bone ◽  
Conventional Radiography ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Ct Reconstruction ◽  
Management Protocol ◽  
Maxillofacial Fractures

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Because of its functional and cosmetic importance, facial injuries, especially bony fractures are clinically very significant. Missed and maltreated fractures might result in malocclusion and disfigurement of the face, thus making accurate diagnosis of the fracture very essential. In earlier times, conventional radiography along with clinical examination played a major role in diagnosis of maxillofacial fractures. However, it was noted that the overlapping nature of bones and the inability to visualise soft tissue swelling and fracture displacement, especially in face, makes radiography less reliable and useful. Computed tomography (CT), also called as X-ray computed radiography, has helped in solving this problem. This clinical study is to compare three-dimensional (3D) CT reconstruction with conventional radiography in evaluating the maxillofacial fractures preoperatively and effecting the surgical management, accordingly. Materials and Methods: Fifty patients, with suspected maxillofacial fractures on clinical examination, were subjected to conventional radiography and CT face with 3D reconstruction. The number and site of fractures in zygoma, maxilla, mandible and nose, detected by both the methods, were enumerated and compared. The final bearing of these additional fractures, on the management protocol, was analysed. Results: CT proved superior to conventional radiography in diagnosing additional number of fractures in zygoma, maxilla, mandible (subcondylar) and nasal bone. Coronal and axial images were found to be significantly more diagnostic in fracture sites such as zygomaticomaxillary complex, orbital floor, arch, lateral maxillary wall and anterior maxillary wall. Conclusion: 3D images gave an inside out picture of the actual sites of fractures. It acted as mind’s eye for pre-operative planning and intra-operative execution of surgery. Better surgical treatment could be given to 33% of the cases because of better diagnostic ability of CT.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Maxillofacial Injuries in “Heratsi” No 1 University Hospital in Yerevan, Armenia: A Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lusine V. Aleksanyan ◽  
Anna Yu Poghosyan ◽  
Martin S. Misakyan ◽  
Armen M. Minasyan ◽  
Aren Yu Bablumyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Nasal Bone ◽  
Fracture Site ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Maxillofacial Injuries ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Injury Site ◽  
Maxillofacial Fractures

Abstract Background: The aim of this study was to perform a retrospective analysis of the prevalence, etiologies, and types of maxillofacial injuries (MFI) and sites of maxillofacial fractures (MFF) and their management in Yerevan, Armenia.Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted. Data including age, sex, date of referral, mode of injury, etiology, radiology records and treatment methods were extracted. Study outcomes were measured using percentages, means, standard deviations and tests of proportions. P <.05 was considered significant.Results: A total of 204 patients had a mean age of 36.26 ±1.08 years (156 males and 48 females), and a total of 259 MFIs were recorded between 2017 and 2020. Interpersonal violence (IV) was found to be the most common etiology of MFFs in this study (42.1%), followed by road traffic accidents (RTAs) (27.9%) and falls (18.6%). The nasal bone was the most common injury site (47.5%), followed by the mandible (31.4%) and zygomatic complex (11.7%). The most common fracture site was the mandibular angle (37.9%), followed by the symphysis/parasymphysis (28.1%) and body (12.6%). The majority of MFFs were treated by open reduction and internal fixation.Conclusion: Interpersonal violence, followed by RTAs and falls, was the most common cause of MFIs. The nasal bone was the most common injury site, followed by the mandible and zygomatic complex. Social education with the objective of reducing aggression and interpersonal conflict should be improved, and appropriate RTA prevention strategies should be strengthened and implemented.

Analysis of the nasal bone and nasal pyramid by three-dimensional computed tomography

2007 ◽  
Vol 265 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung Ho Lee ◽  
Tae Yong Yang ◽  
Gil Soo Han ◽  
Young Hyo Kim ◽  
Tae Young Jang
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Nasal Bone ◽  
Nasal Pyramid

Role of virtual bronchoscopy in children with a vegetable foreign body in the tracheobronchial tree

2014 ◽  
Vol 128 (12) ◽  
pp. 1078-1083 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Behera ◽  
N Tripathy ◽  
Y K Maru ◽  
R K Mundra ◽  
Y Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Foreign Body ◽  
Multidetector Computed Tomography ◽  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Tracheobronchial Tree ◽  
Rigid Bronchoscopy ◽  
Foreign Body Aspiration ◽  
Virtual Bronchoscopy

AbstractObjectives:Multidetector computed tomography virtual bronchoscopy is a non-invasive diagnostic tool which provides a three-dimensional view of the tracheobronchial airway. This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of virtual bronchoscopy in cases of vegetable foreign body aspiration in children.Methods:The medical records of patients with a history of foreign body aspiration from August 2006 to August 2010 were reviewed. Data were collected regarding their clinical presentation and chest X-ray, virtual bronchoscopy and rigid bronchoscopy findings. Cases of metallic and other non-vegetable foreign bodies were excluded from the analysis. Patients with multidetector computed tomography virtual bronchoscopy showing features of vegetable foreign body were included in the analysis. For each patient, virtual bronchoscopy findings were reviewed and compared with those of rigid bronchoscopy.Results:A total of 60 patients; all children ranging from 1 month to 8 years of age, were included. The mean age at presentation was 2.01 years. Rigid bronchoscopy confirmed the results of multidetector computed tomography virtual bronchoscopy (i.e. presence of foreign body, site of lodgement, and size and shape) in 59 patients. In the remaining case, a vegetable foreign body identified by virtual bronchoscopy was revealed by rigid bronchoscopy to be a thick mucus plug. Thus, the positive predictive value of virtual bronchoscopy was 98.3 per cent.Conclusion:Multidetector computed tomography virtual bronchoscopy is a sensitive and specific diagnostic tool for identifying radiolucent vegetable foreign bodies in the tracheobronchial tree. It can also provide a useful pre-operative road map for rigid bronchoscopy. Patients suspected of having an airway foreign body or chronic unexplained respiratory symptoms should undergo multidetector computed tomography virtual bronchoscopy to rule out a vegetable foreign body in the tracheobronchial tree and avoid general anaesthesia and invasive rigid bronchoscopy.

Multidetector Computed Tomography Evaluation of Malignant Superior Vena Cava Syndrome

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 53-55
Author(s):  
R Nagesh ◽  
Anil K Shukla ◽  
P Hazif Backer ◽  
VV Seetha Pramila
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Multidetector Computed Tomography ◽  
Superior Vena Cava ◽  
Superior Vena Cava Syndrome ◽  
Superior Vena ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Medical Emergency ◽  
Dimensional Reconstruction ◽  
Vena Cava Syndrome

ABSTRACT Introduction Superior vena cava syndrome results from the blockage of blood flow through the superior vena cava. It can be a medical emergency if it causes laryngeal or cerebral edema. Hence, prompt diagnosis is of utmost importance. Case report A 65-year-old male patient came with complaints of progressive dyspnea and cough since 3 weeks. A contrast- enhanced multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) scan was done for the patient, which showed thrombus in the superior vena cava with a rich network of collaterals. The three-dimensional reconstruction was also done to demonstrate the collaterals. Conclusion The MDCT provides an excellent tool to diagnose and assess the cause of superior vena cava obstruction. How to cite this article Backer PH, VVP Seetha, Shukla AK, Nagesh R. Multidetector Computed Tomography Evaluation of Malignant Superior Vena Cava Syndrome. J Med Sci 2016;2(3):53-55.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document