scholarly journals A study of ovarian tumors at Kathmandu medical college teaching hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1188-1191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sailesh Bahadur Pradhan ◽  
Sanat Chalise ◽  
Binita Pradhan ◽  
Sailuja Maharjan

Background: Ovarian cysts, which present as neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions, are the most common gynecological cause of hospital admissions. This study was conducted to know the spectrum of ovarian tumors.Materials and methods: A cross sectional study was carried out among all the ovarian specimens sent for histopathological examination.Results: Forty two cases were Surface epithelial tumours and 49 cases were germ cell tumour. Among Surface epithelial tumours, 34 (80.95%) were benign neoplasm, 2(4.76%) were borderline and 6 including one Krukenberg tumour (14.29%) were malignant neoplasm. Among all Germ cell tumours, 45 (91.84%) were Mature cystic teratoma, 1 (4.08%) was Immature cystic teratoma and 2 (4.08%) were Dysgerminoma. Conclusion: Incidence of Surface epithelial tumours and germ cell tumours were found to be almost equal with mild predominance of Germ cell tumour.

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jitendra Pariyar ◽  
Binuma Shrestha

Background: Germ cell malignancies account for about 5% of all ovarian cancers. These tumours grow rapidly and often produce symptoms quicker than the slow growing epithelial tumour. Commonly seen in the first two decades of life germ cell malignancies are highly chemosensitive and are potentially curable with surgery and chemotherapy. This study is the first of its kind regarding the epidemiology, management and outcome of patients with malignant germ cell tumour in Nepal. Objective: To analyze the clinical presentation and management outcomes of malignant germ cell tumours managed in B.P. Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital, Nepal. Methodology: Descriptive study conducted in B.P. Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital, Nepal. Case records of malignant germ cell tumours attending the hospital from January 1999 to December 2009 were analyzed regarding their illness history, clinical examination, investigations, treatment, follow-up and outcomes measured. Observations: Total 65 cases of malignant germ cell tumours with age range from 2 to 58 years (mean 21.7 years) were received. 42% cases were Tibeto-Burmese; 30% were Indo-Aryans. There were 15 cases (23%) of dysgeminoma, 21 endodermal sinus tumor (32%), 16 Immature Cystic Teratoma (24.5%), 9 (14%) Mixed Germ Cell, 2 unclassified GCT (3.5%) and 2 malignant transformation in teratoma (3.5%). 33 (49.5%) patients had early stage disease, 37 (57%) underwent fertility preserving surgery. 4 cases (9%) due to disseminated disease, underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by debulking surgery. 51 cases (78.5%) received adjuvant chemotherapy (BEP or EP regimen). The overall survival was 70%. Conclusion: Early stage germ cell malignancies can be safely managed by fertility preserving surgery followed by, chemotherapy if indicated. For advanced diseases, neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery can be undertaken with curable intent.


2021 ◽  
pp. 41-42
Author(s):  
Anshu Jamaiyar ◽  
Joyeeta Mandal ◽  
Anupriya Anupriya

Mixed germ cell tumours of testis represent a comparatively rare category of testicular tumour where different types of both seminomatous and non-seminomatous tumours can be present in varied proportions. We report two cases of mixed germ cell tumours, one consisting of seminoma, embryonal carcinoma and post-pubertal teratoma in the testis of a 22-year-old male and second consisting of a yolk sac tumour and immature teratoma in the testis of a 19-year-old male. We report theses case due to the rare combination and for documentation


Author(s):  
Ram Kumar B.

Background: Malignant ovarian germ cell tumours are rare group of ovarian neoplasms derived from primordial germ cells of the ovary. Objective of present study was to evaluate the outcome of treatment in malignant germ cell tumours.Methods: 21 Patients of malignant ovarian germ cell tumours registered at Department of Medical Oncology, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Chennai for the period from January 2012 to December 2015 were retrospectively analyzed for treatment outcomes.Results: The median age at presentation was 21 years with age range between 14 and 40 years. 9patients (43%) presented with mixed germ cell tumour, 6 patients (29%) with dysgerminoma, 3 patients (14%) with yolk sac tumour and 3 patients (14%)with mature cystic teratoma. 13 patients (62%) presented with Stage I disease, 5 patients (24%) with Stage III and 3 patients (14%) with Stage II. Fertility sparing surgery was done in 15 patients (71%), and 4 patients (19%) who completed family had TAH with BSO done. Adjuvant Chemotherapy was given for 16 patients (76%) and as Neoadjuvant in 2patients (10%) who had biopsy alone performed. 4patients (19%) developed recurrence and was taken for salvage PVI chemotherapy.Conclusions: Malignant ovarian germ cell tumours are relatively uncommon neoplasms characterized by high chemo sensitivity. This study confirms that malignant ovarian germ cell tumours have excellent prognosis and the effectiveness of BEP chemotherapy regimen. Fertility sparing surgery is feasible in most cases. Advanced Stage configured as an important risk factor for survival. The chemotherapy regimen was associated with significant but manageable toxicity.


2021 ◽  
pp. 205141582110079
Author(s):  
Shenthiuiyan Theivendrampillai ◽  
Richard Lockyer ◽  
Matthew Wheater ◽  
Leon Veryard ◽  
Alexander King

Testicular cancer commonly affects younger men, with testicular germ cell tumours comprising the vast majority of cases. They are classified into either seminomatous or non-seminomatous germ cell tumours, with mixed germ cell tumours treated as non-seminomas. In the following case report, we describe the clinical course and management of a 38-year-old male patient who presented with a right unilateral testicular mixed germ cell tumour, predominantly seminoma that had metastasized to the adrenal gland. This pattern of spread is indeed a rare occurrence. It also highlights the significance of the current diagnostic and management protocol and the benefits of using positron emission tomography as a diagnostic tool. Level of evidence: 4


2004 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 547-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
F E von Eyben ◽  
G K Jacobsen ◽  
M Rorth ◽  
H Von Der Maase

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Stanislovas Jonas Maknavičius ◽  
Arūnas Valiulis ◽  
Žydrūnė Prapuolenienė

Stanislovas Jonas Maknavičius, Arūnas Valiulis, Žydrūnė PrapuolenienėVilniaus universiteto Vaikų ligoninės Vaikų chirurgijos centras, Santariškių g. 7, LT-08406 VilniusEl paštas: [email protected] Įvadas / tikslas Germinogeniniai navikai yra ankstyvo embrioninio vystymosi užuomazginių germinogeninių ląstelių virtimo į gametą stadijos navikai. Šie navikai kyla ne tik gonadose, bet ir embriono vidurinės linijos organuose – kankorėžinėje liaukoje, priekiniame tarpuplautyje, kryžkaulio ir uodegikaulio srityje, retroperitoniniame tarpe. Neretai germinogeninės ląstelės migruoja į organus ir juose išauga mišrių ektopinių germinogeninių ir negerminogeninių audinių navikai: teratomos, teratoblastomos, embrioninės karcinomos, endoderminio sinuso karcinomos, seminomos, disgerminomos ar mišrių ląstelių germinogeniniai navikai (dažniausiai). Darbo tikslas – išnagrinėti vaikų tarpuplaučio germinogeninių navikų diagnostikos, klinikos, tyrimo ir chirurginio gydymo taktikos ypatumus. Ligoniai ir metodai Retrospektyviai analizavome vaikų, 1995–2007 metais gydytų Vilniaus universiteto vaikų ligoninės 1-jame chirurgijos (torakalinės ir abdominalinės chirurgijos) skyriuje dėl tarpuplaučio germinogeninių navikų, ligos istorijas, operacijų protokolus, tyrimų duomenis. Ligoniai buvo tirti klinikiniais metodais, atlikti naviko žymenų tyrimai, rentgenogramos, kompiuterinės tomogramos, echoskopija, angiogramos. Rezultatai Mūsų gydytiems 8 vaikams brandūs navikai rasti penkiems ir nebrandūs – trims. Užkrūčio liaukoje navikai rasti 7 vaikams, ne užkrūčio liaukoje – 1 vaikui. Piktybiniai germinogeniniai navikai užkrūčio liaukoje buvo 3 vaikams, gerybiniai germinogeniniai navikai užkrūčio liaukoje rasti 4 vaikams ir 1 ligonei gerybinį germinogeninį naviką radome ant aortos kylančiosios dalies, suaugusį su užkrūčio liaukos užpakaliniu paviršiumi. Kvėpavimo sutrikimas, karščiavimas, obstrukcijos simptomai buvo visiems vaikams. Dėl šių simptomų tėvai kreipėsi į gydytojus. Septyni vaikai buvo operuoti ir navikai pašalinti, o vieno vaiko tėvai radikalios operacijos atsisakė (diagnozė nustatyta kliniškai, rentgeniškai). Sergantiesiems piktybiniais germinogeniniais navikais po operacijos taikyta chemoterapija. Dviem vaikams navikai šalinti atlikus sternotomiją, 5 vaikams – per torakotominius pjūvius. Saugiau operuoti atlikus sternotominį pjūvį, ypač jei navikas išplitęs ir yra užkrūčio liaukoje. Po operacijos vaikai pasveiko. Išvados Vaikų tarpuplaučio germinogeniniai navikai yra polipotentinės histologinės struktūros, jų augimas greitas, skvarbus. Pagrindiniai klinikiniai simptomai – krūtinės skausmas, kvėpavimo sutrikimas, v. cava superior sindromas, anemija, alfa-fetoproteino kiekio ir choriogonadotropinio hormono kiekio padidėjimas. Pagrindiniai diagnostikos metodai – rentgeniniai, echoskopija, angiografiniai. Pagrindinis gydymo metodas yra chirurginis: naviko ekstirpacija per sternotominę, torakotominį prieigą, ar videotorakoskopiniu būdu. Operavome 7 vaikus, navikai pašalinti, diagnozės pagrįstos histologiniais tyrimais. Reikšminiai žodžiai: vaikų tarpuplaučio navikai, vaikų tarpuplaučio germinogeniniai navikai, gerybinė ir piktybinė tarpuplaučio teratoma Primary germinative cell tumors in children Stanislovas Jonas Maknavičius, Arūnas Valiulis, Žydrūnė PrapuolenienėVilnius University Children’s Hospital, Centre of Surgery,Santariškių str. 7, LT-08406 Vilnius, LithuaniaE-mail: [email protected] Background / objective Primary germ cell tumour is the most common mediastinal tumour in children. It may be benign or malignant, or cystic and contain three types of embryonal developing tissue – ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm. Germ cell tumour can be seminomatous, nonseminomatous and originate from ectopic tissues in the mediastinum. Malignant tumours lesions grow and invade the surrounding structures. Germ cell tumour of the mediastinum in children may present with early puberty in Klinefelter’s syndrome. Children with malignant germ cell tumours often have elevated alpha-fetoprotein and serum beta-chorionic gonadotropin levels. The aim of this study was to review the spectrum of clinical symptoms, diagnostics methods and tactics of the surgical treatment. Patients and methods We analysed retrospectively 8 children’s case histories with primary germ cell tumours in the period 1995–2007. Clinical symptoms, diagnostic methods, methods of surgical treatment and histological diagnoses were analysed. Results Three patients had malignant and five patients had benign tumours. Respiratory distress syndrome was present in all patients. Qur data are based on histological analysis after operations. Seven patients were operated on. The tumours were removed. Conclusions Mediastinal germ cell tumours in children are embryonal multipotentional histological structures of embryonic origin, developing of endodermal, mesodermal and ectodermal tissues. The most frequent symptoms were respiratory distress, chest pain, temperature, cough and wheezing. Patients with teratomas of germ cell tumours often have an elevated level of alpha-fetoprotein and serum beta-human gonadotropin. Seven patients were operated on, tumours were removed, and diagnoses were based on histological analysis. Key words: mediastinal tumours in children, mediastinal germ cell tumour in children, benign and malignant mediastinal teratoma


Pathology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. S66
Author(s):  
Leow Wei Qiang ◽  
Loh Hwai Liang Alwin ◽  
Lee Lui Shiong ◽  
Goh Chin Hong Ronald

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suhaniya Samarasinghe ◽  
Rebecca Scott ◽  
Michael J Seckl ◽  
Mike Gonzalez ◽  
Richard Harvey ◽  
...  

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