scholarly journals Behavioral ecology of Oriental Magpie Robin Copsychus saularis

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-89
Author(s):  
Jyoti Karna
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Behavioral Ecology ◽  
Territorial Behavior ◽  
Breeding Behavior ◽  
Nesting Ecology ◽  
Singing Behavior ◽  
One Year

Every species of bird possesses some behavior which differ it from other species. It was interesting to note that species wise some different peculiar behaviors are found. Several ornithologists have described about Oriental Magpie Robin (Fleming et al., 1984; Grimmett et al., 2000; Ali, 2002). In case of the Oriental Magpie Robin, behavioral ecology such as feeding behavior, breeding behavior, nesting ecology, territorial behavior, social behavior, communicational behavior and singing behavior were observed and studied in Biratnagar, Nepal for one year.

scholarly journals Brain games: Toward a neuroecology of social behavior

2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 424-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-François Gariépy ◽  
Steve W. C. Chang ◽  
Michael L. Platt
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Behavioral Ecology ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Second Person ◽  
Target Article ◽  
Nonhuman Animals

AbstractIn the target article, Schilbach et al. defend a “second-person neuroscience” perspective that focuses on the neural basis of social cognition during live, ongoing interactions between individuals. We argue that a second-person neuroscience would benefit from formal approaches borrowed from economics and behavioral ecology and that it should be extended to social interactions in nonhuman animals.

Toward a Neo-Darwinian Sociology: Its Nomological Principles and Some Illustrative Applications

1994 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Crippen
Keyword(s):  
Population Genetics ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
General Theory ◽  
Behavioral Ecology ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
Human Ecology ◽  
Evolutionary Biology ◽  
Theory Refinement ◽  
Social Demography ◽  
Maximization Principle

In a thought-provoking appraisal of the state of macrosociological theory, Gerhard Lenski argues that its shortcomings can be rectified, in part, by reference to nomological reasoning. Moreover, developments in behavioral ecology, evolutionary biology, and population genetics offer interesting insights into analyses of social behavior across time and space and, in the process, reveal some useful hints about the manner in which sociocultural theorists might proceed in developing more elegant theoretical statements. With these considerations in mind, the argument elaborated in this essay suggests: (1) that contemporary sociocultural science has much to contribute to the development of a general theory of social behavior, (2) that theory refinement in the sociocultural sciences can be enhanced significantly by reference to general principles (specifically, an amended version of the “maximization principle”) developed in recent years in the evolutionary behavioral sciences; and (3) that reliance on such general analytical principles is enormously helpful in clarifying some seemingly troublesome theoretical problems in, for example, studies of social demography and human ecology and of social stratification and mobility.

Studying Behavioral Ecology on High School & College Campuses

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 432-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad A. Abu Baker ◽  
Sara E. Emerson ◽  
Joel S. Brown
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Behavioral Ecology ◽  
Animal Behavior ◽  
Foraging Ecology ◽  
College Campuses ◽  
Urban Wildlife ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
Practical Field ◽  
Field Exercise

We present a practical field exercise for ecology and animal behavior classes that can be carried out on campus, using urban wildlife. Students document an animal's feeding behavior to study its interactions with the surrounding environment. In this approach, an animal's feeding behavior is quantified at experimental food patches placed within its habitat. Following a lecture on foraging ecology and an outdoor discussion about the animals on campus, students formulate questions and hypotheses. Simple statistical analyses are used to construct results and draw conclusions.

scholarly journals Developing individual differences in primate behavior: The role of genes, environment and their interplay

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Julian von Borell ◽  
Alexander Weiss ◽  
Lars Penke
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Behavioral Ecology ◽  
Nonhuman Primates ◽  
Behavior Genetics ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Stability And Change ◽  
Behavioral Stability

As is the case for humans, it has long been thought that nonhuman primates can be described in terms of their personality. Scientific observations that support this view include the presence of individual differences in social behavior and that they are relatively stable throughout life. Consequently, individuals are constrained in their behavioral flexibility when dealing with various environmental challenges. Still, the variation among individuals during development suggests that the environment influences how primates behave. Research in fields including psychology, behavior genetics, and behavioral ecology have tried to identify the mechanisms responsible for this interplay of behavioral stability and change. In this review we integrate theories and findings from research on humans and nonhuman primates that highlight how and to what extent genetic and environmental contributions shape the development of social behavior. To do so we first provide an overview and define what is meant by mean level and rank-order change of behavior. We then review explanations of behavioral stability and change, focusing on the role of genetic effects, how environmental circumstances influence behavioral variation throughout development, and how genetic and environmental influences may interact to produce this variation. Finally, we point to future research directions that could help us to further understand the development of social behavior in primates from within a behavior genetics framework.

scholarly journals Notes on a tree: reframing the relevance of primate choruses, duets, and solo songs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara De Gregorio ◽  
Filippo Carugati ◽  
Daria Valente ◽  
Teresa Raimondi ◽  
Valeria Torti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Territorial Behavior ◽  
Vocal Behavior ◽  
Evolution Of Language ◽  
Selective Pressures ◽  
Singing Behavior ◽  
Unique Definition

The complexity of primates’ singing behavior has long gathered the attention of researchers interested in understanding the selective pressures underpinning the evolution of language. Among these pressures, a link between territoriality, pair-living, and singing displays has been suggested. Historically, singing primates have been found in a few taxa that are not closely related to each other, and, in the last years, their phylogeny has dramatically changed. Hence, we aimed at understanding if the dogmatic association between territorial behavior and a monogamous social structure still holds in the light of current research. Moreover, singing behavior has often been considered a whole, but animals can perform different singing forms depending on how many individuals call simultaneously. Currently, it is unclear to which extent these singing forms are widespread among these primate groups. Given that there is no unique definition for a song, solo, duet, and chorus, we envisioned some of the most used descriptions. We then formulated some new definitions that we followed in our review of the presence/absence of these different forms of song organization among singing primates’ taxa. In particular, we suggested that tarsier species that are typically considered non-singers may indeed sing, and we pointed out that non-duetting gibbons may perform duet interactions. We found that, besides duets, chorusing behavior and solo songs are essential features of primates’ communication, but their study is still in a descriptive phase. Moreover, while territorial behavior seems to be conserved in these singing taxa, we highlighted that the monogamous social structure is not the rule. Pair-living plus multi- females groups displaying singing behavior are common too. We suggest that ending to consider these taxa as uniform in their sociality and vocal behavior might be a significant turning point to unravel the different selective pressures that influenced the emergence and organization of such peculiar vocal behavior.

Strategies for integrating biological theory, control systems theory, and Pavlovian conditioning

2000 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-259
Author(s):  
Karen L. Hollis
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Systems Theory ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Pavlovian Conditioning ◽  
Behavioral Ecology ◽  
Biological Theory ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
Control Systems Theory

To make possible the integration proposed by Domjan et al., psychologists first need to close the research gap between behavioral ecology and the study of Pavlovian conditioning. I suggest two strategies, namely, to adopt more behavioral ecological approaches to social behavior or to co-opt problems already addressed by behavioral ecologists that are especially well suited to the study of Pavlovian conditioning.

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