Visual Examination and Photography in Failure Analysis

Failure analysis is an investigative process in which the visual observations of features present on a failed component and the surrounding environment are essential in determining the root cause of a failure. This article reviews the basic photographic principles and techniques that are applied to failure analysis, both in the field and in the laboratory. It discusses the processes involved in visual examination, field photographic documentation, and laboratory photographic documentation of failed components. The article describes the operating principles of each part of a professional digital camera. It covers basic photographic principles and manipulation of settings that assist in producing high-quality images. The need for accurate photographic documentation in failure analysis is also presented.

Pose Generation for Social Robots in Conversational Group Formations

We study two approaches for predicting an appropriate pose for a robot to take part in group formations typical of social human conversations subject to the physical layout of the surrounding environment. One method is model-based and explicitly encodes key geometric aspects of conversational formations. The other method is data-driven. It implicitly models key properties of spatial arrangements using graph neural networks and an adversarial training regimen. We evaluate the proposed approaches through quantitative metrics designed for this problem domain and via a human experiment. Our results suggest that the proposed methods are effective at reasoning about the environment layout and conversational group formations. They can also be used repeatedly to simulate conversational spatial arrangements despite being designed to output a single pose at a time. However, the methods showed different strengths. For example, the geometric approach was more successful at avoiding poses generated in nonfree areas of the environment, but the data-driven method was better at capturing the variability of conversational spatial formations. We discuss ways to address open challenges for the pose generation problem and other interesting avenues for future work.

Toward the formulation of a proposed frame for the formal and structural specifications of the modern parametric digital architecture

Background This research paper contributes to presenting a proposed framework for the formal and structural specifications of parametric digital architecture in order to increase knowledge and know-how in this field closely to specialists and those interested in it through the research methodology, which is divided first into the theoretical background to include a presentation of the definition of digital architecture and the most important pioneers of digital architecture, digital building materials and construction mechanisms parametric digital and what are the most important computer software used in parametric digital architecture in terms of design and construction implementation and identifying the most important digital specifications and characteristics that were mentioned in previous studies in this field and what are the unconventional digital esthetic values, then comes the role of the applied study in formulating a comprehensive matrix of parametric design modern and its impact on the development of traditional architectural models in digital architecture. Results The research study found that both (unrealistic shape) and (typical interaction) ranked first with the highest percentage reaching 100% in all study cases. The ratio of the volume of each to the total volume of all elements of morphological characteristics and non-traditional esthetic values was 8%, the most important characteristic of buildings in parametric digital architecture, in most of them, is the lack of realism to a very significant degree, and we always find a clear increase in the interaction, vitality and dynamism of buildings with the surrounding environment. Conclusions The most important characteristic of buildings in parametric digital architecture, in most of them, is the lack of realism to a very significant degree, and we always find a clear increase in the interaction, vitality and dynamism of buildings with the surrounding environment. While we conclude that the least characteristic of the parametric digital buildings is the simulation of nature or the tendency to everything that is traditional, as well it is often inclined to everything strange and unfamiliar.

Gut Microbiome in Retina Health: The Crucial Role of the Gut-Retina Axis

The term microbiome means not only a complex ecosystem of microbial species that colonize our body but also their genome and the surrounding environment in which they live. Recent studies support the existence of a gut-retina axis involved in the pathogenesis of several chronic progressive ocular diseases, including age-related macular disorders. This review aims to underline the importance of the gut microbiome in relation to ocular health. After briefly introducing the characteristics of the gut microbiome in terms of composition and functions, the role of gut microbiome dysbiosis, in the development or progression of retinal diseases, is highlighted, focusing on the relationship between gut microbiome composition and retinal health based on the recently investigated gut-retina axis.

ANALISIS KESALAHAN BAHASA INDONESIA YANG ADA DI SEKITAR ANDA SPANDUK

The aim is to find out the writing on the banner to get pictures or photos on the banner to see in this case which vocabulary and sentences are wrong on the banner and to get information that can be processed as material for making scientific articles, which consists of the basic theory of the language used is far from the norm. This case is caused by the lack of public understanding of language and writing in the use of words according to the KBBI which uses vocabulary and is structured in sentences. In producing data sources obtained from the surrounding environment to be able to take data such as interviews with people who are responsive around the environment to obtain accurate data as material for scientific works. The perfection and correctness of linguistic basics in language use errors were found around the banner, from the results of research in the use of descriptive methods in language use errors found in research as objects and research subjects on banners in data recording is observed in case studies used in writing the results of the study indicate that the writing on the banner uses informal language in the form of various written languages ​​depending on the inappropriate writing style. According to the rules. From the results of the study, it was found that there was a lot of error information on language users on banners in grouping sentences and vocabulary based on factual information in processing data as an object of analysis in solving Indonesian.

Interface and surface engineering of black phosphorus: a review for photonic and optoelectronic applications

Since being rediscovered as an emerging 2D material, BP with extraordinary energy structure and unusually strong interlayer interactions offer new opportunities for optoelectronics and photonics. However, due to the thin atomic body and the ease of degradation with water and oxides, BP is highly sensitive to the surrounding environment. Therefore, high-quality engineering of interfaces and surfaces plays an essential role in BP-based applications. In this review, begun with a review of properties of BP, different strategies of interface and surfaces engineering for high ON-OFF ratio, enhanced optical absorption, and fast optical response are reviewed and highlighted, and recent state-of-the-art advances on optoelectronic and photonic devices are demonstrated. Finally, the opportunities and challenges are outlooked for future BP-related research.

PENGEMBANGAN KOMIK DIGITAL CHLOROPHYL SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN PEDULI LINGKUNGAN SISWA SMA

The loss of a sense of responsibility that students have towards protecting and preserving nature is also a bad impact of the progress that has occurred in the present era. Therefore, the researchers took the initiative to develop a valid and practical "chlorophyll" digital comic-based learning media to be used in instilling concern for the surrounding environment. The method used in this research is developing research using ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) procedures. The development of this digital Chlorophyl comic consists of 12 pages starting from the opening page about the introduction of the main character, problems to solutions that can be done to protect the environment. Chlorophyl digital comics can be said to be valid with an average of 3.58 and have good criteria so that they can be used in the field with a few revisions that have been adapted to suggestions from experts. In addition, based on input from the validator with several notes of improvement and the assessment of student responses to chlorophyll digital comics, it was stated that it was very practical with a positive response of 80.59%. The conclusion obtained is that the digital chlorophyll comic that was developed is said to be valid with a value of 3.5 and stated to be very practical with a positive response of 80.59%. ABSTRAKHilangnya rasa tanggung jawab yang dimiliki para pelajar terhadap menjaga dan melestarikan alam juga menjadi dampak buruk dari kemajuan yang terjadi pada era masa kini. Oleh karena itu, peneliti bernisiatif untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran berbasis komik digital chlorophyl yang valid dan praktis untuk digunakan dalam menanamkan kepedulian terhadap lingkungan sekitar. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian mengembangkan dengan prosedur ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). Pengembangan komik digital Chlorophyl ini terdiri atas 12 halaman mulai dari halaman pembuka tentang perkenalana tokoh utama, permasalahan hingga solusi yang bisa dilakukan untuk menjaga lingkungan hidup. Komik digital Chlorophyl dapat dikatakan valid dengan rata-rata yaitu 3,58 dan memiliki kriteria baik sehingga dapat digunakan di lapangan dengan sedikit revisi yang telah disesuaikan dengan saran dari para ahli. Selain itu berdasarkan masukan dari validator dengan beberapa catatan perbaikan dan penilaian angket respon siswa terhadap komik digital chlorophyl dinyatakan sangat praktis dengan respon positif sebanyak 80,59%. Kesimpulan yang didapatkan adalah komik digital chlorophyl yang dikembangkan dikatakan valid dengan nilai 3,5 dan dinyatakan sangat praktis dengan respon positif sebanyak 80,59%.

effect of adding probiotic bacteria on bauxite waste mud

Bauxite waste sludge is quite dangerous when polluted into the surrounding environment. The number is increasing with the higher mining production. The utilization is still not maximized hence it is unbalanced to the increasing number, and it is necessary to use on a large scale. Sub-grade soil could use a lot of bauxite waste sludge but in reality, this waste is unsafe to use and its characteristics are mud the requirements of bearing capacity according to the AASHTO and USCS Classification unfulfilled. This study aims to determine the effect of the use of probiotic bacteria in bauxite waste on its physical characteristics and pH value. This experimental research method develops test objects according to ASTM standards with the same weight of bauxite waste and variations in the number of probiotic bacteria, namely 25 ml, 50 ml, 75 ml, and 100 ml and the incubation time of bacteria is 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, 28 days, 35 days, and 42 days. The results showed that the test specimens with more bacteria and longer incubation times resulted in lower pH values and physical characteristics that fulfilled the requirements for sub-grade soil.

Environmental Improvement Drainage To Prevent Chikungunya Mosquito Nests In Rw 01 Kelurahan Nagasarari, Cipedes District, Tasikmalaya City

The objectives of this service activity are as follows: 1). Increase public understanding of the dangers of chikungunya mosquitoes and their solutions, 2). They were suppressing the spread of chikungunya mosquitoes through fogging and implementing the recommendations for the Eradication of Mosquito Nests (PSN) in the surrounding environment, 3). They are creating a drainage prototype to prevent chikungunya mosquito nests which can be used as examples for making the next prototype, 4). Increase community participation in suppressing chikungunya mosquito nests through the construction of drainage channels, 5). Improve a clean culture in maintaining the cleanliness of the drainage in the surrounding environment. The planned activities to be carried out are in collaboration with the local health center, and the Tasikmalaya city health office to reduce the number of chikungunya mosquito nests and, together with the community, build good drainage channels. The method of activity used is by bringing in experts from puskesmas, health offices, and unsil academics. Next, an approach is taken in solving problems through the 5W 1H strategy, which is solving problems from the questions: what, who, where, when, why, how. The solutions to the problems found in the field are as follows: 1). Provide a stimulus with the construction of a drainage system in accordance with the rules of the Public Works Department, 2). Cooperating with the Cigeureung Health Center by providing chemicals for fogging, 3). Counseling with the Health Center and the Tasikmalaya City Health Office regarding the dangers and solutions of diseases originating from chikungunya

Investigation of the microbial community structure and diversity in the environment surrounding a veterinary antibiotic production factory

The wastewater discharged from the veterinary antibiotic production factory, due to its antibiotic composition, partly affects the microbial community and distribution in the surrounding environment.