scholarly journals CONGESTION MITIGATION IN DISTRIBUTION NETWORK BY INTEGRATED DISTRIBUTED GENERATIONS FOR IMPROVING VOLTAGE PROFILES AND MINIMIZING THE LOSSES

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (02) ◽  
pp. 78-87
Author(s):  
Ihsan M. Jawad ◽  
◽  
Wafaa S. Majeed ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Sudden Increase ◽  
Voltage Profile ◽  
Active Power Flow

In electrical power systems, unexpected outage of transmission systems, sudden increase of loads, the exit of generators from service, and equipment failure, leads to a contingency occurring on one or several transmission lines. The loads must be within the specified state and the transmission lines should not exceed the thermal limits. One of the important methods used to alleviate the contingency and reduce the congestion lines by injected a Distributed Generation (DG) within an optimal siting and optimal sizing in the distribution network that achieves improvement of the voltage profile as well as leads to reduce the losses. First, to achieve the best goals in this paper that is determined contingency lines, an index has been used called (Active Power Flow Performance Index) (PIRPF) and an equation called (Line Flow Sensitivity Index) (LFSI) is used for finding the optimum site for Distributed Generation. Second, to determine the optimum size for distributed generators, the Genetic Algorithm (GA) is used. Also, this research was distinguished by choosing new sites and sizes according to the GA to obtain the best desired results. Finally, these methodologies were applied to the IEEE-30 bus ring network using the MATPOWER Version 6.0, 16-Dec-2016 program within MATLAP R2018a environment.

Improved Performance of DPFC Using Sliding Mode Controller Method

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 2073 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Narasimha Rao ◽  
T Surnedra ◽  
S Tara Kalyani
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Flexible Ac Transmission ◽  
Active Power Flow ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Bus Voltage ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Ac Transmission

<p>Modern power systems demand the need of active power flow with the help of Power Electronics control devices is needed. In the family of Flexible AC Transmission devices (FACTS), Dynamic PFC (DPFC) offers the same controlling function as Unified PFC (UPFC), comprising the control of transmission angle, bus voltage and line impedance. A technical modification of UPFC is DPFC in which fluctuations of voltage at DC link is eliminated that enables the individual operation as series and parallel controllers. The concept of DFACTS is used in design of the series converter. The replacement of  the  high  rating  three  phase  series  converter with  the multiple low rating single phase converters results in cost reduction and increases reliability greatly. This DC Link is used to transfer the real power between two converters in UPFC such as in DPFC which eliminates the 3rd harmonic frequencies at transmission lines. D-FACTS converters are acting as insulation between high voltage phases acts as 1-ᴓ floating with respect to ground. These results in lower cost for the DPFC system compared to the UPFC. This paper describes the comparison of PI and Sliding Mode Controllers which conclude that SMC is a better control strategy compared to PI.</p>

scholarly journals Active Distribution Network Modeling for Enhancing Sustainable Power System Performance; a Case Study in Egypt

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 8991
Author(s):  
Ali A. Radwan ◽  
Ahmed A. Zaki Diab ◽  
Abo-Hashima M. Elsayed ◽  
Hassan Haes Alhelou ◽  
Pierluigi Siano
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Electricity Market ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Western Desert ◽  
Distribution Transformers

The remarkable growth of distributed generation (DG) penetration inside electrical power systems turns the familiar passive distribution networks (PDNs) into active distribution networks (ADNs). Based on the backward/forward sweep method (BFS), a new power-flow algorithm was developed in this paper. The algorithm is flexible to handle the bidirectional flow of power that characterizes the modern ADNs. Models of the commonly used distribution network components were integrated with the developed algorithm to form a comprehensive tool. This tool is valid for modeling either balanced or unbalanced ADNs with an unlimited number of nodes or laterals. The integrated models involve modeling of distribution lines, losses inside distribution transformers, automatic voltage regulators (AVRs), DG units, shunt capacitor banks (SCBs) and different load models. To verify its validity, the presented algorithm was first applied to the unbalanced IEEE 37-node standard feeder in both passive and active states. Moreover, the algorithm was then applied to a balanced 22 kV real distribution network as a case study. The selected network is located in a remote area in the western desert of Upper Egypt, far away from the Egyptian unified national grid. Accordingly, the paper examines the current and future situation of the Egyptian electricity market. Comparison studies between the performance of the proposed ADNs and the classical PDNs are discussed. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed ADNs in preserving the network assets, improving the system performance and minimizing the power losses.

scholarly journals Power-Flow Development Based on the Modified Backward-Forward for Voltage Profile Improvement of Distribution System

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 2005
Author(s):  
Suyanto Suyanto ◽  
Citra Rahmadhani ◽  
Ontoseno Penangsang ◽  
Adi Soeprijanto
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Radial Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Flow Simulation ◽  
Voltage Profile ◽  
Radial Distribution System ◽  
Flow Development ◽  
Three Phase

<p>Unbalanced three-phase radial distribution system has a complex problem in power system. It has many branches and it is sometimes voltage profile’s not stable at every end branches. For improvement of voltage profile, it can be performed by penetrating of a distributed generation models. Information of voltage profile can be gained by study of power flow.  The Modified Backward-Forward is one of the most widely used methods of development of power flow and has been extensively used for voltage profile analysis. In this paper, a study of power flow based on the Modified Backward-Forward method was used to capture the complexities of unbalanced three phase radial distribution system in the 20 kV distribution network in North Surabaya city, East Java, Indonesia within considering distributed generation models. In summary, for the informants in this study, the Modified Backward-Forward method has had quickly convergence and it’s just needed 3 to 5 iteration of power flow simulation which’s compared to other power flow development methods. Distributed Generation models in the modified the modified 34 BUS IEEE system and 20 kV distribution network has gained voltage profile value on limited range. One of the more significant findings to emerge from this development is that the Modified Backward-Forward method has average of error voltage about 0.0017 % to 0.1749%.</p>

scholarly journals Shunt Compensaton of the Integrated Nigeria’s 330KV Transimission Grid System

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 537-540
Author(s):  
Engr. Obi, Fortunatus Uche ◽  
Aghara, Jachimma ◽  
Prof. Atuchukwu John
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Load Flow ◽  
Sudden Increase ◽  
Grid System ◽  
Voltage Profile ◽  
Contingency Analysis ◽  
Shunt Compensation

The Nigerian Power system is complex and dynamic, as a result of this it is characterized by frequent faults and outages resulting to none steady supply of power to the teaming consumers. This has great effect on the activities and mode of living of Nigerians. The research work was carried out on contingency analysis on the existing integrated 330KV Nigeria grid system and to carry out a shunt compensation on the violated buses, the shutdown of Eket-Ibom line being the case study so as to determine the following; uncertainties and effects of changes in the power system, to recognize limitations that can affect the power reliability and minimize the sudden increase or decrease in the voltage profile of the buses through shunt compensation of buses. Determine tolerable voltages and thermal violation of +5% and -5% of base voltage 330 KV (0.95-1.05) PU and to determine the critical nature and importance of some buses. This is aimed at bridging the gap of proposing further expansion of the grid system which is not only limited by huge sum of finance and difficulties in finding right – of- way for new lines but also which faces the challenges of fixed land and longtime of construction. The data of the network was gotten and modeled. The power flow and contingency analysis of the integrated Nigeria power system of 51 buses (consisting of 16 generators and 35 loads) and 73 transmission lines were carried out using Newton-Raphson Load Flow (NRLF) method in Matlab environment, simulated with PSAT software. Shunt compensation of the weak buses were done using Static Var Compensator (SVC) with Thyristor Controlled Reactor- Fixed capacitor (TCR-FC) technique. Results obtained showed that the average voltage for base simulation was 326.25KV, contingency 323.67KV and compensation was 322.37 KV. Voltage violations for lower limit were observed at Itu as 309KV and Eket as 306.81 KV while violations for upper limit were recorded at Damaturu as 352.85KV, Yola as 353.62 KV, Gombe as 355.98KV, and Jos as 342.97 KV. However after shunt compensation there were improvements for the violations at lower limits and that of higher limit were drastically brought down as recorded below: Damaturu 329.93 KV, Jos 330 KV, Eket 327.2 KV, Gombe 333.55KV, Itu 330KV, and Yola 330.52KV

scholarly journals Active and reactive power flow management in parallel transmission lines using static series compensation (SSC) with energy storage

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 4598
Author(s):  
Mohammed Yahya Suliman
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Parallel Transmission ◽  
Power Flow Control ◽  
Active And Reactive Power ◽  
Reactive Power Flow ◽  
Active Power Flow ◽  
Storage Energy

<p>The power flow controlled in the electric power network is one of the main factors that affected the modern power systems development. The Static Series Compensatior with storage energy, is a FACTS powerful device that can control the active power flow control of multiple transmission lines branches. In this paper, a simulation model of power control using static series compensator with parallel transmission lines is presented.  The control system using adaptive neuro-fuzzy logic is proposed. The results show the ability of static series compensator with storage energy to control the flow of powers components "active and reactive power" in the controlled line and thus the overall power regulated between lines. </p>

scholarly journals Understanding Reactive Power and Its Importance in Power Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 880-883
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Electrical Machines ◽  
Voltage Profile ◽  
Electrical Power Systems

The main intent and purpose of this paper is to flaunt the rudimentary and homespun idea of reactive power on electrical power systems. Electrical machines such as motors and generators require reactive power for the production of magnetic field. Transformers and transmission lines too obligatory reactive power while they bring up with resistance and inductance contend with the flow of current. The Voltage profile must be uplifted to push this power through line inductance. Suitable reactive power when not used can cause contemplative blackouts.

scholarly journals Power Transfer Capability Recognition in Deregulated System under Line Outage Condition Using Power World Simulator

2022 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 277-285
Author(s):  
Prakash Kerur ◽  
R. L. Chakrasali
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Power Transfer ◽  
Distribution Factor ◽  
Available Transfer Capability ◽  
Interconnected Network ◽  
Transfer Capability ◽  
Bulk Power

The major challenges in deregulated system are determination of available transfer capability on the interconnected transmission lines. Electricity industry deregulation is the required for creating a competitive market throughout the world, which instigate new technical issues to market participants and Power System Operators (PSO). Power transfer capability is a crucial parameter to decide the power flow in the lines for further transactions and the estimation of Transfer Capability decides the power transactions based on the safety and ability of the system. This parameter will decide if an interconnected network could be reliable for the transfer of bulk power between two different areas of the network without causing risk to system consistency. The Power Transfer Distribution Factor (PTDF) is the sensitivity index, which decides the transfer capability in the interconnected network under deregulated power systems. This experiment is conducted on IEEE-6 bus system using Power World Simulator to determine the transfer capability in deregulated system under line outage condition.

scholarly journals Interline power flow controller (IPFC) characterization in power systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 1656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabil A. Hussein ◽  
Ayamn A. Eisa ◽  
Hassan M. Mahmoud ◽  
Safy A. Shehata ◽  
El-Saeed A. Othman
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Electrical Power System ◽  
Flow Controller ◽  
Ac Transmission ◽  
Power Flow Controller

Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) have been proposed in the late 1980s to meet and provide the electrical power system requirements. FACTS are used to control the power flow and to improve the power system stability. Interline power flow controller (IPFC) is a versatile device in the FACTS family of controllers and one of its latest generations which has the ability to simultaneously control the power flow in two or multiple transmission lines. This paper is tackling the IPFC performance in power systems; it aims to discuss the availability to define a known scenario for the IPFC performance in different systems. An introduction supported with brief review on IPFC, IPFC principle of operation and IPFC mathematical model are also introduced. IEEE 14-bus and 30-bus systems have chosen as a test power systems to support the behavior study of power system equipped with IPFC device. Three different locations have chosen to give variety of system configurations to give effective performance analysis.  

scholarly journals Improved Performance of DPFC Using Sliding Mode Controller Method

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 2073
Author(s):  
D Narasimha Rao ◽  
T Surnedra ◽  
S Tara Kalyani
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Flexible Ac Transmission ◽  
Active Power Flow ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Bus Voltage ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Ac Transmission

<p>Modern power systems demand the need of active power flow with the help of Power Electronics control devices is needed. In the family of Flexible AC Transmission devices (FACTS), Dynamic PFC (DPFC) offers the same controlling function as Unified PFC (UPFC), comprising the control of transmission angle, bus voltage and line impedance. A technical modification of UPFC is DPFC in which fluctuations of voltage at DC link is eliminated that enables the individual operation as series and parallel controllers. The concept of DFACTS is used in design of the series converter. The replacement of  the  high  rating  three  phase  series  converter with  the multiple low rating single phase converters results in cost reduction and increases reliability greatly. This DC Link is used to transfer the real power between two converters in UPFC such as in DPFC which eliminates the 3rd harmonic frequencies at transmission lines. D-FACTS converters are acting as insulation between high voltage phases acts as 1-ᴓ floating with respect to ground. These results in lower cost for the DPFC system compared to the UPFC. This paper describes the comparison of PI and Sliding Mode Controllers which conclude that SMC is a better control strategy compared to PI.</p>

scholarly journals REVIEW PAPER ON OPTIMAL LOCATION OF SHUNT FACTS DEVICES BY EVOLUTIONARY PROGRAMMING BASED ON OPTIMAL POWER FLOW IN POWER SYSTEM.

2016 ◽  
pp. 196-199
Author(s):  
PRANALI H. DEKATE
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Optimal Power Flow ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Voltage Profile ◽  
Computation Techniques ◽  
Facts Devices ◽  
Optimal Power

The modern power system is operating closed to its voltage and thermal instability limits. The present transmission network was not originally planned for heavy power trading in the market. The time is to maximize the utilization of existing transmission lines and to manage the congestion. FACTS (Flexible AC transmission system) devices are having capability of improving power transmission, improving voltage profile, minimizing power losses, etc. This paper presents a review on how FACTS devices are used to provide the maximum relief to the congested line by computation techniques. The proposed paper uses sensitivity index to locate FACTS devices optimally. These computation techniques are used solve the OPF (Optimal Power Flow) problems on various IEEE buses.

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