UTILIZATION OF GRAPHENE OXIDE IN BUILDING MATERIALS

Cement-based materials (CBM) is one of the most commonly used building materials. Due to their brittle nature (sudden failure, low tensile strength, low resistant to crack), CBMs were modified through the addition of various traditional fillers/ reinforcement such as fibres and supplementary cementutious materials. Advanced modifiers/fillers such as Graphene-based nanomaterials (GBM) were utilized due to their superior properties in upgrading properties of CBM. GBM have been firstly used to enhance various polymeric matrices for storage energy, sensors and bio-applications. Following that, GBM were utilized in CBM with remarkable improvements in properties. In the current paper, an overview on the synthesis and structure of one type of GBM; namely graphene oxide (GO) was presented. The impact of GO on properties of CBM was addressed. One of the most observations from the highlighted published work was that the enhancements in CBM properties were linked to the uniform dispersion of functionalized GO and template effect of GO in CBM. Although GO with its attractive properties in upgrading properties of CBM, the usage of GO in construction industry is still not at the same demand level as in other applications and further investigations are needed in this regard.

An Outlook on the Interplay of Machine Learning and Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces: An Overview of Opportunities and Limitations

<div>Recent advances in programmable metasurfaces, also dubbed as reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs), are</div><div>envisioned to offer a paradigm shift from uncontrollable to fully tunable and customizable wireless propagation environments, enabling a plethora of new applications and technological trends. Therefore, in view of this cutting edge technological concept, we first review the architecture and electromagnetic waves manipulation functionalities of RISs. We then detail some of the recent advancements that have been made towards realizing these programmable functionalities in wireless communication applications. Furthermore, we elaborate on how machine learning (ML) can address various constraints introduced by real-time deployment of RISs, particularly in terms of latency, storage, energy efficiency, and computation. A review of the state-of-the-art research on the integration of ML with RISs is presented, highlighting their potentials as well as challenges. Finally, the paper concludes by offering a look ahead towards unexplored possibilities of ML mechanisms in the context of RISs. </div>

An Outlook on the Interplay of Machine Learning and Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces: An Overview of Opportunities and Limitations

<div>Recent advances in programmable metasurfaces, also dubbed as reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs), are</div><div>envisioned to offer a paradigm shift from uncontrollable to fully tunable and customizable wireless propagation environments, enabling a plethora of new applications and technological trends. Therefore, in view of this cutting edge technological concept, we first review the architecture and electromagnetic waves manipulation functionalities of RISs. We then detail some of the recent advancements that have been made towards realizing these programmable functionalities in wireless communication applications. Furthermore, we elaborate on how machine learning (ML) can address various constraints introduced by real-time deployment of RISs, particularly in terms of latency, storage, energy efficiency, and computation. A review of the state-of-the-art research on the integration of ML with RISs is presented, highlighting their potentials as well as challenges. Finally, the paper concludes by offering a look ahead towards unexplored possibilities of ML mechanisms in the context of RISs. </div>

Synthesis of the COFs: From Design Principle to Synthetic Reactions

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are a new category of materials and developing fast in recent years. COFs present low density, controllable porosity, and high surface area. Based on these merits, COFs have great potential in various applications, such as gas separation and storage, energy storage, catalysis, and many others. In this review, we summarize the synthesis of COFs from the aspects of design principles and synthetic reactions. In particular, we categorize the synthetic reactions of also COFs into six categories and introduce the advantages of each type of reaction. Moreover, we utilize several examples to illustrate how to construct COFs by these synthetic methods. In the end, a future perspective on the development of new synthetic methods for COFs is briefly mentioned.